Using Bayesian Mixture Models That Combine Expert Knowledge and GIS Data to Define Ecoregions

Conservation planning and management programs typically assume relatively homogeneous ecological landscapes. Such “ecoregions” serve multiple purposes: they support assessments of competing environmental values, reveal priorities for allocating scarce resources, and guide effective on-ground actions such as the acquisition of a protected area and habitat restoration. Ecoregions have evolved from a history of organism–environment interactions, and are delineated at the scale or level of detail required to support planning. Depending on the delineation method, scale, or purpose, they have been described as provinces, zones, systems, land units, classes, facets, domains, subregions, and ecological, biological, biogeographical, or environmental regions. In each case, they are essential to the development of conservation strategies and are embedded in government policies at multiple scales.