House of the Infinite

Casa del Infinito, Tarifa, Cádiz. B1 Magazine, Bangkok

Descifrando la casa 4D: análisis e interpretación del proyecto "4D house": del programa Dymaxion de Buckminster Fuller

Descifrando la casa 4D: análisis e interpretación del proyecto "4D house": del programa Dymaxion de Buckminster Fuller

House of infinite

House of the infinite en revista C3 Corea

La casa sobre la naturaleza. La Villa Malaparte y la Kaufmann House

La casa sobre la naturaleza. la Villa Malaparte y la Kaufmann House

Vivienda y Revolución. El Concurso entre Camaradas de la OSA, la Sección de Tipificación del Stroykom y la Casa Experimental de Transición Narkomfin (1926-1930) = Housing and Revolution. OSA’s Comradely Competition, Typification Section of the Stroykom and Narkomfin Experimental Transitional House (1926-1930)

La cuestión del asentamiento socialista en la URSS durante la década de 1920 estuvo caracterizada por el objetivo de definir y establecer un estado socialista en términos políticos, sociales y económicos. En este contexto de inestabilidad y cambio, un grupo de arquitectos pertenecientes a la Asociación de Arquitectos Contemporáneos, OSA, y liderado por Moisey Ginzburg, abordó el tema de la vivienda obrera asumiendo la responsabilidad y el compromiso por alcanzar un nuevo orden social. Su misión no consistió únicamente en solucionar el problema del alojamiento para los trabajadores en las grandes ciudades soviéticas, sino en redefinirlo como el marco adecuado para una sociedad sometida a un cambio sin precedentes que, al mismo tiempo y en un proceso dialéctico, debía contribuir a la construcción de esa nueva sociedad. La respuesta dada por la OSA trascendió el diseño inmediato bajo los estándares modernos establecidos en Occidente y tomó forma en un proceso de investigación que habría de prolongarse durante cinco años. Este trabajo, que culminó con la construcción y puesta en crisis de la Casa Narkomfin, se desarrolló en tres aproximaciones sucesivas. La primera, de carácter conceptual, consideró la participación ciudadana, así como de especialistas independientes, formalizándose en el Concurso entre Camaradas convocado por la OSA en 1926. La segunda aproximación al problema de la vivienda obrera se articuló a través de la investigación llevada a cabo por la Sección de Tipificación del Stroykom, esta vez desde premisas científicas y metodológicas. Finalmente, las conclusiones alcanzadas fueron transferidas a la práctica arquitectónica por medio de la construcción de seis Casas Experimentales de Transición, entre las que destacó la Casa Narkomfin. Este último acercamiento, de carácter empírico, ha sido tradicionalmente examinado por los expertos como un hecho aislado. Sin embargo, su estudio debe trascender necesariamente el genio del autor-creador en favor del proceso de investigación al que pertenece. En esta tesis, la Casa Narkomfin no se presenta sólo como el paradigma de vivienda soviética de vanguardia al que estamos acostumbrados, sino como un prototipo que recoge los principios y conclusiones alcanzados en las aproximaciones conceptuales y científicas precedentes. Únicamente desde este punto de vista cobra sentido la consideración de Ginzburg sobre su propio edificio como un medio propositivo y no impositivo: un proyecto concebido como una herramienta de transición hacia una sociedad más avanzada. ABSTRACT The question of mass housing in the USSR during the Twenties was marked by the drive to define and establish a socialist state in political, social and economic terms. In this context of instability and change, a group of architects gathered together under the Association of Contemporary Architects, OSA, led by Moisey Ginzburg, to address the issue of mass housing, thus taking on the responsibility and being committed to creating a new social order. Their quest not only involved solving the problem of housing for workers in large Soviet cities, but also redefining this solution as an appropriate framework for a society undergoing dramatic changes which, at the same time and in a dialectical process, would contribute to the creation of this new society. The solution provided by OSA transcended Modern standards of immediate design set by the West and was the result of a research process that would last five years. This work culminated in the construction of Narkomfin House and its self-criticism, developed in three successive approaches. The first was conceptual, being formalized in the Comradely Competition held by the OSA in 1926 and taking into account the participation of citizens and independent experts. The second approach to the problem of mass housing involved research developed by the Typification Section of the Stroykom, this time under scientific and methodological premises. Finally, the conclusions reached were put in practice with the construction of six Experimental Transitional Houses of which the most notable is Narkomfin House. This third empirical approach has traditionally been examined by scholars in isolation. However, its study must necessarily transcend the genius of the author-creator and involve the research process of which it is part. In this thesis, Narkomfin House is presented not only as the paradigm in Soviet housing avant-garde we are used to, but also as a prototype reflecting the principles and conclusions reached in the preceding conceptual and scientific approaches. Only from this point of view does Ginzburg’s understanding of his own building as a proactive and non-imposed environment make sense: a project conceived as a transition tool towards a more advanced society.

El programa Case Study House: industria, propaganda y vivienda

En enero de 1945, John Entenza, editor de la revista californiana Arts & Architecture , puso en marcha el programa Case Study House, un ambicioso proyecto cuyo firme objetivo era investigar las posibilidades y soluciones del problema de la vivien - da al que se enfrentaba los Estados Unidos de la posguerra. Para ello, Entenza diseñó una novedosa estrategia de colaboración entre algunos de los mejores arquitectos californianos del momento y la maquinaria industrial estadounidense, abierta a un proceso de reconversión de producción bélica a objetos para la población civil que tendría lugar en un tiempo récord. Así, el artículo propone el análisis de esa relación entre empresa y domesticidad, entre viabilidad económica y calidad arquitectónica, entre procesos de prefabricación y espíritu individual. Todos ellos conceptos aparentemente opuestos pero que, de la mano del programa Case Study House, lograron un entendimiento que a día de hoy sigue resultando extraordinario.

Donde se rompen las nubes : Lever House : Nueva York 1950

En la victoriosa América de la posguerra, origen de la nueva configuración del mundo occidental, surgió una singular obra que iba a representar la abstracción de los valores universales de la arquitectura moderna. La construcción de la Lever House en el Nueva York de 1950 no sólo iba a propiciar un punto de inflexión en la Historia del rascacielos y de la arquitectura corporativa americana, definiría a su vez un nuevo paradigma a partir del cual se establecerían generalizados modelos para la construcción del futuro. La oportuna confluencia entre los acentos pragmáticos del mundo capitalista americano y las formulaciones positivistas de la arquitectura moderna europea, convenientemente recogidas como manifiesto construído del Estilo Internacional, supusieron resolver de manera definitiva el prolongado dilema americano de cómo debería ser la adecuada representación del edificio corporativo moderno. El estudio se detendrá en el valor de la metáfora, la conversación y la oportunidad de una obra cuya proyección trascendió ampliamente las aspiraciones de sus creadores. Provocando una fuerte idealización que llegaría hasta nuestros días. ABSTRACT In the postwar victorious America, origin of the new configuration of the Western World, a unique work will represent the abstraction of the universal values of modern architecture. The construction of the Lever House in the New York of 1950 would not only bring about a turning point in the history of American skyscrapers and corporate architecture, in turn define a new paradigm from which generalized models for building the future. The timely confluence between pragmatic accents of the American capitalist world and the positivistic formulations of the modern European architecture, conveniently collected as constructed manifesto of the International Style, definitively accounted to resolve that old American dilemma of how should be the adequate representation of the Modern corporate building. The study will focus on the value of metaphor, conversation and the opportunity of a work whose projection widely transcended the aspirations of its creators. Causing an strong idealization would reach to nowadays.

Oasis. La casa Loewy en el desierto de Palm Spring = Oasis. Loewy House in the Desert of Palm Spring

En los tiempos de la optimista eclosión del Estilo Internacional en América y del comienzo de una nueva domesticidad en California, la peculiar mirada que hiciera el fotógrafo Julius Shulman de la casa Loewy, construida por Albert Frey en el desierto de Palm Springs en 1947, nos permite reconocer las claves de una excepcional pieza de arquitectura. La simbiótica aportación que hiciera Loewy junto a Frey permite superar ampliamente los rigurosos estándares de lo moderno y consigue exaltar el hedonismo de la cultura del bienestar de la posguerra americana. Atmósfera e intención se unen en una fantástica creación tanto de un espacio como de un tiempo.

1.3 John D. Taylor, Democrat, MO House of Representatives, 39th District

However, the State of Missouri was not going to go down without a fight. In mid- January, 1939, John D. Taylor, a representative from Keytesville, MO, introduced a bill in the Missouri legislature designed to postpone integration of the University. Taylor, chairman of the House Appropriations committee, proudly called himself “an unreconstructed rebel.” Taylor’s proposal, House Bill No. 195, authorized Lincoln University to “establish whatever graduate and professional schools are necessary to the equivalent of the University of Missouri.”

House-organs: da teoria à prática

Este projeto tem como objetivo realizar uma análise da forma com que vem sendo realizada, na prática, a Comunicação Interna no Brasil por meio de house-organs. Para tanto, utiliza-se de duas fontes principais de consulta: a bibliografia publicada sobre o tema e os vencedores do Prêmio Aberje dos últimos 7 (sete) anos. Com isso, pretende-se verificar, de um lado, o que autores e especialistas sugerem e indicam como ideal para execução da Comunicação Interna através de house-organs; de outro, analisa-se, com base nessa teoria, o que vem sendo feito na prática. A escolha dos vencedores do prêmio Aberje categoria House-organ para Comunicação Interna, tem como objetivo apenas apresentar um critério lógico para a seleção das mídias analisadas, uma vez que se trata de um prêmio concedido pelo principal órgão de representação da Comunicação Empresarial do Brasil. O foco deste estudo é exclusivamente o conteúdo dos veículos e neste se encaixam itens como o fluxo do discurso organizacional (ascendente, descendente etc.), mensagens, o tipo de linguagem utilizada etc. Não se focarão, dessa maneira, aspectos de diagramação e estética.(AU)

House-organs: da teoria à prática

Este projeto tem como objetivo realizar uma análise da forma com que vem sendo realizada, na prática, a Comunicação Interna no Brasil por meio de house-organs. Para tanto, utiliza-se de duas fontes principais de consulta: a bibliografia publicada sobre o tema e os vencedores do Prêmio Aberje dos últimos 7 (sete) anos. Com isso, pretende-se verificar, de um lado, o que autores e especialistas sugerem e indicam como ideal para execução da Comunicação Interna através de house-organs; de outro, analisa-se, com base nessa teoria, o que vem sendo feito na prática. A escolha dos vencedores do prêmio Aberje categoria House-organ para Comunicação Interna, tem como objetivo apenas apresentar um critério lógico para a seleção das mídias analisadas, uma vez que se trata de um prêmio concedido pelo principal órgão de representação da Comunicação Empresarial do Brasil. O foco deste estudo é exclusivamente o conteúdo dos veículos e neste se encaixam itens como o fluxo do discurso organizacional (ascendente, descendente etc.), mensagens, o tipo de linguagem utilizada etc. Não se focarão, dessa maneira, aspectos de diagramação e estética.(AU)

The lepidopteran transposon vector, piggyBac, mediates germ-line transformation in the Mediterranean fruit fly

The piggyBac (IFP2) short inverted terminal repeat transposable element from the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni was tested for gene transfer vector function as part of a bipartite vector–helper system in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. A piggyBac vector marked with the medfly white gene was tested with a normally regulated piggyBac transposase helper at two different concentrations in a white eye host strain. Both experiments yielded transformants at an approximate frequency of 3–5%, with a total of six lines isolated having pigmented eyes with various levels of coloration. G1 transformant siblings from each line shared at least one common integration, with several sublines having an additional second integration. For the first transformant line isolated, two integrations were determined to be stable for 15 generations. For five of the lines, a piggyBac-mediated transposition was verified by sequencing the insertion site junctions isolated by inverse PCR that identified a characteristic piggyBac TTAA target site duplication. The efficient and stable transformation of the medfly with a lepidopteran vector represents transposon function over a relatively large evolutionary distance and suggests that the piggyBac system will be functional in a broad range of insects.

Selective maintenance of allozyme differences among sympatric host races of the apple maggot fly

Whether phytophagous insects can speciate in sympatry when they shift and adapt to new host plants is a controversial question. One essential requirement for sympatric speciation is that disruptive selection outweighs gene flow between insect populations using different host plants. Empirical support for host-related selection (i.e., fitness trade-offs) is scant, however. Here, we test for host-dependent selection acting on apple (Malus pumila)- and hawthorn (Crataegus spp.)-infesting races of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae). In particular, we examine whether the earlier fruiting phenology of apple trees favors pupae in deeper states of diapause (or with slower metabolisms/development rates) in the apple fly race. By experimentally lengthening the time period preceding winter, we exposed hawthorn race pupae to environmental conditions typically faced by apple flies. This exposure induced a significant genetic response at six allozyme loci in surviving hawthorn fly adults toward allele frequencies found in the apple race. The sensitivity of hawthorn fly pupae to extended periods of warm weather therefore selects against hawthorn flies that infest apples and helps to maintain the genetic integrity of the apple race by counteracting gene flow from sympatric hawthorn populations. Our findings confirm that postzygotic reproductive isolation can evolve as a pleiotropic consequence of host-associated adaptation, a central tenet of nonallopatric speciation. They also suggest that one reason for the paucity of reported fitness trade-offs is a failure to consider adequately costs associated with coordinating an insect’s life cycle with the phenology of its host plant.

Toward an understanding of the biochemical and pharmacological complexity of the saliva of a hematophagous sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis

The saliva of blood-sucking arthropods contains powerful pharmacologically active substances and may be a vaccine target against some vector-borne diseases. Subtractive cloning combined with biochemical approaches was used to discover activities in the salivary glands of the hematophagous fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. Sequences of nine full-length cDNA clones were obtained, five of which are possibly associated with blood-meal acquisition, each having cDNA similarity to: (i) the bed bug Cimex lectularius apyrase, (ii) a 5′-nucleotidase/phosphodiesterase, (iii) a hyaluronidase, (iv) a protein containing a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), and (v) a RGD-containing peptide with no significant matches to known proteins in the blast databases. Following these findings, we observed that the salivary apyrase activity of L. longipalpis is indeed similar to that of Cimex apyrase in its metal requirements. The predicted isoelectric point of the putative apyrase matches the value found for Lutzomyia salivary apyrase. A 5′-nucleotidase, as well as hyaluronidase activity, was found in the salivary glands, and the CRD-containing cDNA matches the N-terminal sequence of the HPLC-purified salivary anticlotting protein. A cDNA similar to α-amylase was discovered and salivary enzymatic activity demonstrated for the first time in a blood-sucking arthropod. Full-length clones were also found coding for three proteins of unknown function matching, respectively, the N-terminal sequence of an abundant salivary protein, having similarity to the CAP superfamily of proteins and the Drosophila yellow protein. Finally, two partial sequences are reported that match possible housekeeping genes. Subtractive cloning will considerably enhance efforts to unravel the salivary pharmacopeia of blood-sucking arthropods.