Identification of a new Polerovirus (family Luteoviridae) associated with cotton bunchy top disease in Australia

Cotton bunchy top (CBT) disease has caused significant yield losses in Australia and is now managed by control of its vector, the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii). Its mode of transmission and similarities in symptoms to cotton Blue Disease suggested it may also be caused by a luteovirus or related virus. Degenerate primers to conserved regions of the genomes of the family Luteoviridae were used to amplify viral cDNAs from CBT-affected cotton leaf tissue that were not present in healthy plants. Partial genome sequence of a new virus (Cotton bunchy top virus, CBTV) was obtained spanning part of the RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRP), all of the coat protein and part of the aphid-transmission protein. CBTV sequences could be detected in viruliferous aphids able to transmit CBT, but not aphids from non-symptomatic plants, indicating that it is associated with the disease and may be the causal agent. All CBTV open-reading frames had their closest similarity to viruses of the genus Polerovirus. The partial RdRP had 90 % amino acid identity to the RdRP of Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) that causes cotton blue disease, while other parts of the genome were more similar to other poleroviruses. The sequence similarity and genome organization of CBTV suggest that it should be considered a new member of the genus Polerovirus. This partial genome sequence of CBTV opens up the possibility for developing diagnostic tests for detection of the virus in cotton plants, aphids and weeds as well as alternative strategies for engineering CBT resistance in cotton plants through biotechnology. © 2012 Australasian Plant Pathology Society Inc.

Betty with her two sons, Dagobert and Manfred Broh Portraits Family

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Portrait of Dagobert and Manfred Portraits Family

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Ida Teutler with her daughter and father Portraits Family

Includes photos from Ida Teutler's daughter's wedding

Reiss family portraits Portraits Family

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Interior and exterior views of the Boehm family hat factory; (Vienna?).

1) Ansicht des Innenhofes mit den Buerofenstern

Steven Lowell Loewenthal with members of the Greenberg family; Philadelphia.

The Greenbergs were relatives from Philadelphia who provided the entry papers to the United States for the Lowell Loewenthal family

Portrait of Ruth Augusta Beatrice Goldschmidt with her brother Henry H. Goldschmidt Gould Portraits Family

Henry, born July 15, 1914, died August 6, 1978; Ruth, born 1923?

Ilse Baum with her father Erich Gustav Baum and with her mother Grete nee Dublon in the backyard of their home; Rheine, Westfahlen (Westphalia) Portraits Family

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Membership cards of Judith Rosenthal, Elma Rosenthal and Arthur Rosenthal to the Jüdischer Kulturbund Berlin Portraits Family

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Mathias family preparing to board the ship "Deutschland" to emigrate from Germany to New York Portraits; Family

On January 6, 1938 our family left Nazi Germany and boarded a ship "Deutschland" for New York. This ended our family's life in Germany forever. Rudolph ES Mathias.

Photo collage of Baum family members and family home.

Verso: Handwritten descriptions

Structure of l-Diphenylmethyl-3-hydroxyazetidinium Chloride,* C 16 H lsN O+.CI -

M r=275.8, monoclinic, P21/a, a= 12.356 (5), b=9.054 (4), c= 14.043 (4) A, t= 100.34 (3) ° , V=1545.5A 3, Z=4, D,,,= 1.14, D x = 1.185 Mg m -3, p(Mo Ka, /l = 0.7107 ]k) = 2.77 mm -1, F(000) = 584.0, T= 293 K, R = 0.053 for 1088 reflections. The four-membered ring is buckled 13.0 ° (0= 167.0°). The azetidinium moiety is linked to the C1- ion through a hydrogen bond [O-H...C1 = 3.166 (5) A].

Briske Family Collection 1888-1948

26 vital documents for Rudolf Eduard Briske (birth, marriage military, etc.); 30 vital documents of ascendants of Rudolf Eduard Briske; 10 vital documents for relatives of Rudolf Eduard Briske; 4 photos of tombstones; one photo of Hans Briske.

Philippson-Gottschalk Family Collection 1810-1842

Letters and documents of Philippson-Gottschalk family, primarily famly affairs.