新型掺铒离子氧氟碲酸盐玻璃的光谱性质

探求新的具有优良的热学和光学性能的基质玻璃系统，是获得具有宽带宽和增益平坦的掺Er^3＋光纤放大器（EDFA）的一种有效途径。制备了一种新型氧氟碲酸盐玻璃TeO2-BaF2-LaF3，并对其热学性能和光学性质进行了测试。应用乍得-奥菲尔特（Judd-Ofelt）理论计算了Er^3＋离子的J-O理论参量和荧光寿命r。探讨了氟化物的引入对碲酸盐玻璃结构的改变的影响，并分析了其对玻璃的热学性质和光学性质的影响。实验发现，获得的氧氟碲酸盐玻璃具有优良的热学稳定性（△T=156.6C），宽的荧光半峰全宽（72nm）

透红外大尺寸氧氟化物玻璃研究

锗酸盐和氟铝酸盐透红外玻璃材料作为窗口或头罩材料具有广泛的应用前景。结合锗酸盐玻璃含有少量水的问题，在成分中引入氟化物，实验表明：随氟化物含量增加．玻璃中羟基含量逐渐降低。同时通过对熔制温度的调整，获得了不合羟基的红外玻璃。针对氟铝酸盐玻璃在冷却过程中易析晶的问题，在氟化物组分中加入少量重金属氧化物TeO2，得到析晶性能好的氧氟铝酸盐玻璃。同时给出了两类红外材料的一些物理、化学性质。

Effect of alkaline-earth metal composition on spectroscopic properties of Er3+ in fluorophosphate glasses

Optical spectroscopic properties of Er3+-doped alkaline-earth metal modified fluoropho sphate glasses have been investigated experimentally for developing broadband fiber and planar amplifiers. The results show a strong correlation between the alkaline-earth metal content and the spectroscopic parameters such as absorption and emission cross sections, full widths at half-maximum and Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters. It is found that strontium ions could have more influences on the Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters and the absorption and emission cross sections than other alkaline-earth metal ions such as Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+. The sample containing 23 mol% strontium fluoride exhibits the maximum emission cross section of 7.58 x 10(-21) cm(2), the broadest full width at half-maximum of 65 nm and the longer lifetime of 8.6 ms among the alkaline-earth metal modified fluorophosphates glasses studied. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameter Omega(6)s, the emission cross sections and the full widths at half-maximum in the Er3+-doped fluorophosphate glasses studied are larger than in the silicate and phosphate glasses.

透红外含碲氟铝基玻璃的激光损伤阈值

在氟铝酸盐玻璃组分中加入适量声子能量低的重金属氧化物TeO2，得到一种新的氧氟化物玻璃。该材料具有良好的成玻璃性能，适合制作大尺寸红外窗口镜。研究了TeO2含量对玻璃特征温度、阿贝数和红外透过性能的影响。同时测试了这种玻璃的抗DF激光能力，结果表明：TeO2含量为15％的玻璃，DF激光破坏阈值达14．95kW·cm^-2。分析显示，由于玻璃基质的多声子吸收，对激光能量的吸收而引起的热冲击是导致玻璃破坏的主要原因。进一步降低玻璃中水分，可以提高玻璃抗激光破坏性能。

977nm抽运下掺铒碲酸盐基氧卤玻璃的光谱特性

研究了掺铒TeO2-ZnO-PbCl2碲酸盐基氧卤玻璃在977nm激光二极管抽运下的发光和上转换发光特性，结果发现除红外1．53μm^4I13.2→^4I15/2发光外(荧光半高宽高达69nm)，该玻璃还存在很强的^2H11/2→^4I15/2(527nm)，^4S3/2→^4I15/2(549nm)和^4R9/2→^4I15/2(666nm)可见上转换发光．应用Judd-Ofelt理论计算得到玻璃强度参数Ω1(t=2，4，6)分别为Ω2=5．87×10^20cm^2,Ω4=2．08×10^2-cm^2，

Intense greeen upconversion luminescence in Er3+: Yb3+ codoped fluorophosphate glass ceramic containing SrTe5O11 nanocrystals

Er3+:Yb3+ codoped tellurite-fluorophosphate (TFP) glass ceramic exhibits much stronger upconversion luminescence. The intensity of the 540 nm green light and 651 nm red light of the TFP glass ceramic is 120 times and 44 times stronger than that of the fluorophospahte (FP) glass, respectively. XRD analysis shows that the nanocrystal in TFP glass ceramic is SrTe5O11. TFP glass ceramic also displays much higher upconversion fluorescence lifetime and crystallization stability. The narrow and strong peak at 540 nm is very ideal for practical upconversion luminescence realization. This work is a new trial for exploring non-PbF2 involved nanocrystal upconversion glass ceramics.

Influence of heat treatment on spectroscopic properties of Er3+ in multicomponent ZrF4-ZnF2-AlF3-YF3-MF2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) based glass

Er3+ doped multicomponent fluoride based glass was prepared. These precursor fluoride glass samples were then heated using different schedules. Crystalline phase particles were successfully precipitated in the multicomponent fluoride glass samples after heat treatment. The influence of heat treatment on the spectroscopic properties of Er3+ in multicomponent fluoride based glass samples were discussed. Small changes of the Judd-Ofelt parameters Omega(i) (i = 2,4,6) were found in multicomponent fluoride glass samples before and after heat treatment compared to oxyfluoride telluride glass. Preparation conditions used to produce transparent multicomponent fluoride glass ceramics doped with rare-earth ions are discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Broadband optical amplification in silicate glass-ceramic containing beta-Ga2O3 : Ni2+ nanocrystals

We demonstrate broadband optical amplification at 1.3 mu m in silicate glass-ceramics containing beta-Ga2O3:Ni2+ nanocrystals with 980 nm excitation for the first time. The optical gain efficiency is calculated to be about 0.283 cm(-1) when the excitation power is 1.12 W. The optical gain shows similar wavelength dependence to luminescence properties. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America.

Experimental study on a nonlinear photonics process of Er(0.5)Yb(3): FOV oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics

We study the nonlinear photonics of rare-earth-doped oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics (FOV), oxyfluoride glass (FOG), and ZBLAN fluoride glass. We found that an interesting fluorescence intensity inversion phenomenon between red and green fluorescence occurs from Er(0.5)Yb(3):FOV The dynamic range Sigma of the intensity inversion between red and green fluorescence of Er(0.5)Yb(3):FOV is about 5.753 x 10(2), which is 100 to 1000 times larger than those of other materials. One of the applications of this phenomenon is double-wavelength fluorescence falsification-preventing technology, which is proved to possess the novel antifriction loss and antiscribble properties. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America.

980 nm 抽运下Yb-Tm-Ho 三掺氟磷酸盐玻璃的2 μm 荧光性质

The thermal stability, 2 μm fluorescence properties and energy transfer mechanism in Ho³⁺ doped fluorophosphate glass sensitized by Yb³⁺ and Tm³⁺ were investigated. The characteristic temperatures, absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of the glass sample were measured. ΔT calculated from the characteristic temperatures shows that the thermal stability of fluorophosphate glass is better than fluoride glass. According to the absorption spectrum, several spectroscopic parameters of the glass sample, such as Judd-Ofelt parameters and spontaneous transition probability were calculated and compared with other glass hosts. The largest spontaneous transition probability for Ho³⁺:⁵ I7&rarr⁵I8 transition in fluorophosphate glass which is 78.48 s^-1 indicates that fluorophosphate glass is an appropriate base glass to achieve 2 m fluorescence. From the fluorescence spectrum of the glass sample, the extremely strong 2.0 μm fluorescence intensity is observed, which is higher than the intensity of 1.8 μm fluorescence, showing that Ho³⁺ ions sensitized by Yb³⁺ and Tm³⁺ is efficient. Meanwhile, the absorption sections and emission sections of Yb³⁺, Tm³⁺ and Ho³⁺ were calculated and the pumping scheme and energy transfer mechanism among Yb³⁺, Tm³⁺ and Ho³⁺ are discussed. The study indicates that Yb-Tm-Ho tri-doped fluorophosphate glass is a significant sensitization glass system under 980 nm excitation for 2 μm applications.

Effect of OH- on upconversion luminescence of Er3(+)-doped oxyhalide tellurite glasses

The Raman spectra, infrared spectra and upconversion luminescence spectra were studied, and the effect mechanism of OH- groups on the upconversion luminescence of Er3+-doped oxyhalide tellurite glasses was analyzed. The results show that the phonon energy of lead chloride tellurite (PCT) glass was lower than that of lead fluoride tellurite (PFT) glass, but upconversion luminescence intensity of Er3+-doped PFT glass was higher than that of Er3+-doped PCT glass. The analysis considers that it was attributed mainly to the effect of OH- groups. The lower the absorption coefficient of the OH- groups, the higher the fluorescence lifetime of Er3+, and as a result the higher upconversion luminescence intensity of Er3+. In this work, the effect of OH groups on the upconversion luminescence of Er3+ was bigger than that of the phonon energy. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Ionic Liquids and Cellulose: Dissolution, Chemical Modification and Preparation of New Cellulosic Materials

Due to its abundance and a wide range of beneficial physical and chemical properties, cellulose has become very popular in order to produce materials for various applications. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of new cellulose materials and technologies using ionic liquids. Dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids has been used to develop new processing technologies, cellulose functionalization methods and new cellulose materials including blends, composites, fibers and ion gels.

Effect of F- ions on emission cross-section and fluorescence lifetime of Yb3+-doped tellurite glasses

The effects of F- ions in Yb3+-doped tellurite glass systems on the emission cross-section and measured fluorescence lifetime are investigated. The results show that both the emission cross-section and the fluorescence lifetime of Yb3+ ions increase from 1.32 to 1.39 pm(2) and from 0.93 to 1.12 ms respectively with the increase of F- ions from 0 to 10 mol% and that such oxyfluoride tellurite glass system is a promising laser host matrix for high power generation. FT-IR spectra were used to analyze the effect of F- ions on the structure of tellurite glasses and the change of OH- groups in this glass system. Analysis demonstrates that the addition of fluoride decreases the symmetry of the structure of tellurite glasses resulting in increasing of the emission cross-section and removes the OH- groups resulting in increasing of the measured fluorescence lifetime of Yb3+ ions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of F- ions on physical and spectroscopic properties of Yb3+-doped TeO2-based glasses

The effects of F- ions on physical and spectroscopic properties of the Yb3+ in tellurite glass system are investigated. The results show that the glass system takes on good thermal stability with the content of ZnF2 lower than 15 mol%, both the emission cross-section and the fluorescence lifetime of Yb3+ ions increase evidently which indicate that such oxyfluoride tellurite glass system is a promising laser host matrix for high power generation. FT-IR spectra were used to analyze the effect of F- ions on the structure of tellurite glasses and OH- groups in this glass system. Analysis demonstrates that addition of fluoride decreases the symmetry of the structure of tellurite glasses which increases the emission cross-section and removes the OH- groups, and which improves the measured fluorescence lifetime of Yb3+ ions. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Host dependent frequency upconversion of Er3+-doped oxyfluoride germanate glass

Er3+-doped oxyfluoride germanate glasses have been synthesized by the conventional melting and quenching method. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters were calculated based on the Judd-Ofelt theory and absorption spectra measurements. With the substitution of PbF2 for PbO, the Omega(2) parameter decreases, while the Omega(6) parameter increases. These change trends indicate that fluoride anions come to coordinate erbium cations and the covalency of the Er-O bond decreases. Structural and thermal stability properties were obtained by Raman spectra and differential thermal analysis, indicating that PbF2 plays an important role in the formation of glass network and has an important influence on the maximum phonon energy and thermal stability of host glasses. Intense green and red emissions centered at 525, 546, and 657 nm, corresponding to the transitions H-2(11/2) -> I-4(15/2), S-4(3/2) -> I-4(15/2), and F-4(9/2) -> I-4(15/2), respectively, were simultaneously observed at room temperature. With increasing PbF2 content, the intensity of red (657nm) emissions increases significantly, while that of the green (525 and 546nm) emission increases slightly. The results indicate that PbF, has more influence on the red (657nm) emission than the green (525 and 546nm) emissions in oxyfluoride germanate glasses. The possible upconversion luminescence mechanisms have also been estimated and discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.