947 resultados para Crisis social
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The formulation of public policies, particularly those relating to social housing – SH -, follow a dialectical process of construction, which are involved in the figures of the State and tha Market.The combination of the State and Market remains in constant tension and struggle for power, which provides beyond products (policies, programs and projects), periods of crises and disruptions that can give rise to new institutional arrangements. It is possible to verify a change in the relationship between the State and the Market in the formulation of public policies of SH financing, justified by the context of the Brazilian economy growth, especially after 2003, year that began the first Lula Federal Government , and through the international financial crisis (in 2008). Thus, the State and the Real Estate Market has been undergoing a process of redefinition of their interrelations, articulating new arrangements, new scales of action and new logics of financial valorization of urban space. This peculiarity demanded the rapid thinning of speech and the proposals in the reformulation of housing policies, with the primary result within the pre-existing Growth Acceleration Program – PAC -, the release of My House , My Life – PMCMV -, established by Law 1.977 of the year 2009. Given the above, this research has as study object the relationship between financing public policies of SH, promoted by the State, and behavior of Formal Housing Market. It is believed that the established roles for each agent in the new housing finance model introduced with the PMCMV, have been adapted according to the needs of each location to make this a workable policy. It remains to identify the nature of these adaptations, in other words, what has changed in the performance of each agent involved in this process. Knowing that private capital remains where there is more chance of profit, we tend to believe that most of the adjustments were made on scale of State action. The recommendation of easing urban legislation taken by PMCMV points to how the State has been making these changes in activity to implement the production of social housing by this program. We conclude that in the change for PMCMV, the direct relationship for construction and housing projects financing began to be made between the Caixa Econômica Federal bank and the builders. The city was liberated from the direct interlocutor role between all actors involved in the production of SH and could concentrate on negotiating with the parties, focused on the effectiveness of SH public policies proposed by PMCMV. This ability and willingness for dialogue and negotiation of municipal government (represented by their managers), undoubtedly, represents a key factor for rapprochement between State and Real Estate Market in the City of Parnamirim.
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Some arguments are briefly presented about the negative consequences of the deep global economic and financial crisis of 2008 on the economic activity and the social situation in Spain. Reformulation, sustainability and financial viability of social welfare in Spain require a new management through resource efficiency, increasing market presence and initiative of stakeholders as a whole. In this sense, the main credible argument of the welfare social in Spain depends on a new perspective on socialization and generosity of social protection system. Specifically, the solution to the crisis must come through economic growth, increased productivity, employment and competitiveness and not by the way of increasing levels of social protection.
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Funding Some of author A’s research alluded to here was conducted while on a Leverhulme Senior Research Fellowship. Author B’s research is supported by the ESRC Research Centre XXX.
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With post-2008 political and economic crises as its backdrop, this inquiry into the political roles and functions of public service broadcasting (PSB) in Ireland is principally concerned with examining the capacities for and actuality of critical and counter-hegemonic professional journalistic and institutional mediations of crisis. Recognising the diversity of influences on the normative identity of Irish PSB, the dissertation adopts a sociological approach that acknowledges the systemic embedding of media institutions in the broader field of power. An initial tracing of the formative impacts of endogenous and exogenous forces on the democratic horizons of PSB suggests that the present crisis conjuncture does not represent promising terrain for engendering critical crisis and recovery imaginaries. A methodologically diverse intra-institutional empirical research agenda aims to explore at close hand Irish PSB’s contingent navigation of crisis, encompassing ethnographic observation in the newsroom, practitioner interviews and textual analysis of broadcast output. These methods afford close analysis of practices of journalistic production and reflexivity, self-conceptions of the journalistic habitus, and ideological affinities of crisis framings in broadcast output. These analyses are supplemented by a participant observation study of the possibilities for public agenda-building in a key institutional venue of public participation in broadcasting governance. The findings offer an evidential basis for the arguments that the crisis has prompted only minimal changes to professional norms and practices of representation and inclusion; that journalistic crisis framings tend toward effecting hegemonic repair by lending support to neoliberal crisis and recovery imaginaries; and that the institutional openings for the building of public counterpower are highly constrained. The overall conclusion is made that the normative democratic orientation embedded in the professional and institutional projects of public service broadcasting help render it ill-equipped to act as a re-democratising countervailing power against the democratic regressions engendered by the present crisis of democratic capitalism.
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In this thesis I argue that the statutory rape crisis which materialised following the decisions in CC v Ireland and A v The Governor of Arbour Hill Prison, was a moral panic. I also contend that Mr A, a convicted sex offender who was released during the crisis, was a folk devil. Using data obtained from an ethnographic content analysis of a selection of newspapers, interest group statements, and Oireachtas debates, I demonstrate that the social response to the statutory rape crisis exhibits the key indicators of the moral panic phenomenon put forward by Goode and Ben-Yehuda. These key indicators are: concern, consensus, hostility, disproportionality and volatility. I employ the theory of moral panic to explain why the events of the statutory rape crisis ignited such emotion and why Mr A became a folk devil of the moral panic
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In this chapter, Ó hAdhmaill argues that responses to the global economic crisis which emerged in 2008 reflected a dominant ideological discourse, with ‘austerity’ being a tool in a wider agenda to reassert neoliberalist thinking in the global economy and welfare provision in the richer countries. In Ireland, North and South, however, the experience of, and responses to, the crisis and ‘austerity’ were different, reflecting different social, economic, and political contexts and influences, as well as different levels of democratic control. Ó hAdhmaill outlines some of these differences and argues that, while democratic control in smaller jurisdictions may be limited by the ‘real rulers’ of the world, global capital, people still have ‘agency’ and do not have to be mere passive observers of unfolding events.
Processes of social flourishing and their liminal collapse: elements to a genealogy of globalization
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This article aims at exploring a long-term historical perspective on which contemporary globalization can be more meaningfully situated. A central problem with established approaches to globalization is that they are even more presentist than the literature on modernization was. Presentism not only means the ignoring of history, but also the unreflective application to history of concepts taken from the study of the modern world. In contrast, it is argued that contemporary globalization is not a unique development, but rather is a concrete case of a historical type. Taking as its point of departure the spirit, rather than the word, of Max Weber, this article extends the scope of sociological investigation into archaeological evidence. Having a genealogical design and introducing the concept of ‘liminality’, the article approaches the modern process of globalization through reconstructing the internal dynamics of another type of historical change called ‘social flourishing’. Taking up the Weberian approach continued by Eisenstadt in his writings on ‘axial age’, it moves away from situations of crisis as reference point, shifting attention to periods of revival by introducing the term ‘epiphany’. Through the case of early Mesopotamia, it shows how social flourishing can be transmogrified into globalizing growth, gaining a new perspective concerning the kind of ‘animating spirit’ that might have driven the shift from Renaissance to Reformation, the rise of modern colonialism, or contemporary globalization. More generally, it will retrieve the long-term historical background of the axial age and demonstrate the usefulness and importance of archaeological evidence for sociology.
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Fil: González Canosa, Mora. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
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Nuestro objeto de estudio es el entramado de relaciones sociales desde el cual se constituyen formas de organización política auto-referenciada de parte de sectores populares. La organización que tomamos como estudio de caso es la "Federación de Tierra, Vivienda y Hábitat" (FTV), organización territorial perteneciente a la Central de Trabajadores Argentinos (CTA). El objetivo general de la investigación es contribuir a una explicación sociológica sobre las (re)orientaciones políticas de una parte activa de los sectores populares, las respuestas organizativas desarrolladas y su presencia como actor político en la escena pública. En esta ponencia nos proponemos abordar uno de los aspectos que estamos trabajando en nuestra investigación, aquél vinculado con lo que denominamos politicidad, delineando las características constitutivas de las sensibilidades y actitudes de los actores hacia la política y el hacer política. En función de que el desarrollo de este aspecto de la investigación sea claro, describiremos algunos resultados parciales de la misma referidos a otras dimensiones del objeto. En el marco de esta ponencia nos interesa hacer hincapié en las capacidades reflexivas de los actores por cuanto se orientan hacia esfuerzos organizativos auto-referenciados. El registro reflexivo se identifica como una propiedad de la acción de estos actores que conforma de manera definitoria las características que hacen a la dinámica del tejido social cuya constitución y (re)constitución está en juego. Decimos, entonces, que la mayor reflexividad, en parte producto de la desestructuración de los diferentes ámbitos relacionales, da lugar como condición de posibilidad, a un proceso de (re)constitución de lazo social. Adicionalmente, es precisamente el concepto de reflexividad el que es útil para dar cuenta de las características específicas de auto-referencia y autonomía de la politicidad de los actores
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Fil: Aguiar, Diego. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
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La reciente crisis en la Argentina no sólo puso de manifiesto un deterioro macroeconómico de magnitud, sino que además trajo aparejado el incremento de personas que padecen hambre y la profundización de los problemas socioeconómicos y nutricionales de los estratos en situación de pobreza. Bahía Blanca no estuvo ajena a esta situación, por lo que surgieron numerosos comedores comunitarios con el fin de dar una respuesta inmediata a esta problemática. Pasado el momento más álgido de la crisis, el Gobierno Municipal de Bahía Blanca puso en marcha el programa "Volviendo a casa". Este trabajo tiene como propósito no sólo presentar el programa "Volviendo a casa" como una política pública innovadora, sino también exponer su metodología de evaluación. La propuesta de este programa se basa en la asignación directa a las familias de mayor vulnerabilidad de módulos alimentarios (víveres frescos y secos), kits de limpieza, mobiliario elemental, entre otras cosas. En forma paralela, se realizan educación alimentaria y talleres de fortalecimiento familiar, con el objetivo de reestablecer sus derechos y mejorar el nivel nutricional de los individuos y sus vínculos familiares. La evaluación se desarrollará en forma conjunta entre el Gobierno Municipal y la Universidad Nacional del Sur. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria descriptiva que a través de técnicas cualitativas (grupos focales) revelará la sustentabilidad del programa. En la sección 1 presentamos la metodología cualitativa como una vía de evaluación de programas. En la sección 2 se describe cómo se desarrolló la crisis en Bahía Blanca y a continuación se presenta el Programa "Volviendo a Casa". En la sección 4 se exponen los resultados preliminares de la primera actividad evaluativa del Programa desarrollada. Por último, en las consideraciones finales se vierten las primeras ideas sobre algunos de los aspectos principales del programa
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La presente ponencia tiene como objetivo presentar las reflexiones discutidas en una de las líneas de investigación que forma parte de un Proyecto radicado en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata bajo el título "Estudio social regional de desarrollo local de la Región Rural Periurbana de La Plata". Desde esta línea se plantea indagar, principalmente, sobre las posibles transformaciones operadas en los vínculos sociales de amplios sectores de la población rururbana, como consecuencia de la situación económica que viene atravesando nuestro país desde las últimas décadas del siglo XX. En este sentido, se pretende una aproximación hacia el análisis de cómo inciden estos cambios en los procesos de empobrecimiento de las familias hortícolas platenses, cómo se traducen en los vínculos sociales que dichas familias despliegan para posibilitar su reproducción social, qué estrategias se van desplegando en estos sectores sociales que les permita mantener sus condiciones de vida. En este marco, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, se trata de presentar el conjunto de interrogantes y problematizaciones que hemos abordado hasta el momento para profundizar estas cuestiones; por tanto, no es nuestra pretensión mostrar resultados, sino explicitar nuestro abordaje para detectar estas situaciones y que nos permita comprender con mayor claridad la complejidad de tales procesos sociales
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En el marco de la exclusión y desigualdad social surgen los educadores populares como nuevos actores sociales, reinterpretando y cuestionando la realidad. Según Carlos Falaci "siembran bombas de construcción masiva" para reverberar el tejido social resignificando espacios con el otro mediante la comunicación. El presente trabajo aborda la práctica social de la Universidad Transhumante -una iniciativa de educación popular basada en los fundamentos de la pedagogía crítica de Paulo Freire- y en particular el accionar del Grupo Malabares, de Rosario -Santa Fe, miembro de esta red. La unidad de análisis se acota a la experiencia de un taller de formación.En primera instancia, se exponen las herramientas ideológicas, metodológicas y políticas para la praxis pedagógica postuladas por P. Freire. Luego, se analizan las prácticas del Grupo Malabares basadas en estas herramientas. Finalmente, se indagan las posibilidades de la educación popular -a la luz de este Grupo que sintetiza teoría y práctica- de ser una propuesta superadora