864 resultados para Contingent Realism


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O presente trabalho trata da caracterização de algumas experiências de escrita realizadas em situações específicas e particulares, envolvendo, no que pode ser considerada “aventura” de escrever, pessoas não habituadas à escrita, e que se vêem tentadas a, ou com grande necessidade de, executar tarefas que exigem a utilização do código escrito. Nessas ocasiões, muitas vezes exprimem suas idéias e interpretações do mundo vivido, mesclando letras, palavras e representações sociais, elaboradas a partir de códigos alternativos de registro de informações – práticas comuns em universos sociais em que a leitura e a escrita são práticas incomuns, ou seja, em localidades em que há predominância do analfabetismo, envolvendo um grande contingente de excluídos da escola. Esta exclusão empurra tais pessoas para situações em que só podem contar com mecanismos alternativos, criados tanto para registro de informações sobre a sua história quanto para representação de situações cotidianas.

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Um grupo de escritores, pensadores, homens públicos – dentre eles, Antero de Quental, Eça de Queirós, Oliveira Martins, Ramalho Ortigão, Teófilo Braga, Guerra Junqueiro, Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro – produziu, por volta da década de 1870, uma agitação na cultura portuguesa. Um produto dessas novas idéias foi o periódico As Farpas, fascículo mensal contendo críticas sobre temas político-culturais portugueses e publicado de maio/1871 a outubro/1872 por Eça de Queirós e Ramalho Ortigão. Alguns desses textos se dirigem ao Brasil, mais especificamente ao imperador D.Pedro II, e apresentam alguns pontos da visão sobre o país por parte desse grupo, conhecido como a Geração de 70.

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Neste ensaio, pretende-se analisar a concepção de Adorno acerca da relação entre teoria e prática com o intuito de explicitar o significado da autonomia da teoria e do intelectual, por ele postulada. Será demonstrado que tal formulação está voltada contra o ativismo dos movimentos estudantis europeus dos anos 60, contra a noção de engajamento e as diretrizes gerais da política cultural comunista, além de se opor à teoria do realismo crítico formulada por Lukács. A autonomia da teoria, como se verá, está ligada à defesa da autonomia estética e as relações existentes entre sujeito-objeto na atividade cognitiva.

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No sempre reconhecido realismo euripidiano se inclui um envolvimento político. É notável o elogio a Atenas, seja a seu passado ilustre, seja a seu papel no mundo grego. Entretanto a guerra a que Atenas se atira e que faz enfraquecer a Grécia é condenada, pois a defesa de Atenas, concretizada na defesa de seu regime político, a democracia, não inclui a defesa do imperialismo ateniense. Assim, acima de Eurípides patriota se ergue o Eurípides humanista, preocupado com as responsabilidades do ser humano, não apenas do cidadão. Eurípides’ acknowledge realism includes a political involvement. The eulogy of Athens is remarkable both regarding her illustrious past and her role in the greek world. The war in which Athens is engaged and which weakens Greece, however, is condemned, for Athens’ defense, made real in the defense of her political regime, democracy, does not include the defense of Athenian imperialism. Thus, Euripides the patriot is excelled by Euripides the humanist, who is more concerned with the responsibilities of the human being, than with those of the citizen’s.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Digital Elevation Model (DEM) validation is often carried out by comparing the data with a set of ground control points. However, the quality of a DEM can also be considered in terms of shape realism. Beyond visual analysis, it can be verified that physical and statistical properties of the terrestrial relief are fulfilled. This approach is applied to an extract of Topodata, a DEM obtained by resampling the SRTM DEM over the Brazilian territory with a geostatistical approach. Several statistical indicators are computed, and they show that the quality of Topodata in terms of shape rendering is improved with regards to SRTM.

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The issue of water scarcity, besides being a relevant and contemporary environmental problem, can be characterized as a social phenomenon, the result of inadequate cultural practices. As such it can be studied by Behavior Analysis, more specifically, from the point of view of selection by consequences. In this context, our objective was to identify if campaigns and programs of water conservation are consonant with Behavior Analysis’ principles on how to change and control individual behavior in the cultural dimension. Overall, data indicate the absence of contingent reinforcement on behavior of water waste and conservation and the presence of mentalistic practices, in contrast with the foundations of Behavior Analysis, especially with regard to the logic of selection by consequences.

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The approach about the ideas, understood as metal representations, has practically bookmarked the whole Philosophy History, since the ancient Greece to the contemporary period. A lot of interpretations have been given to the meaning and to the nature of the ideas by many schools, among them lots of Realism slopes. This paper aims to present, from a historical and epistemological fragment, some theoretical perpectives, with emphasis in the realistic, nominalist and Cartesian proposals in relation to the formation and nature of the ideas.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This text aims to present a very short review on Machiavelli’s ideas reception concerning his military thought and short reflections on international affairs, as part of what was called realism in the realm of international relations theory. The text deals with much more emphasis the mentioned interpretations in a very concise way within contemporary studies about maquiavelian legacy on contemporary studies in International Relations.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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In the last 60 years, many Brazilian cities practically doubled their population contingent. As a result of this process, there was an increase on the occupation level on unstable areas, from a physical point of view, and on the anthropogenic interventions at the natural ambient, reorganizing the existent process and forms. Thus, this work shows the results of the analysis of geomorphological changes deriving from urbanization processes at the Lavapés Stream watershed, located at Rio Claro county (SP). The goal of this work was reached by means of historical-evolutionary geomorphological cartography. To achieve this result, it had been prepared geomorphological and land usage charts for the years of 1962, 1988 and 2010, and a declivity chart. Those scenarios have been analyzed from the point of view of the General Systems Theory. The results were attached into an urban use restrictions chart, which allowed identifying the areas that should not be occupied, by geomorphological view and by environmental law restrictions

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The characters of O mulato, Casa de pensão and O cortiço, well written books by the writer Aluísio Azevedo, may be considered predominantly flat, for they were built with a single or few features. This kind of character can be even defined by the type, which represents certain dominant features (professional, psychological, cultural, economic, religious, etc.) from the diegetic universe in which the action takes place. This character subcategory is present in certain artistic periods such as Realism and Naturalism, and can be understood as the main character between the individual and the collective, between the concrete and the abstract. Yet, the social space, in the novels of the above mentioned literary movements configures itself, especially in terms of the presence and types of extras: it is about describing environments that illustrate, almost always, in a historical period context of critical intent, vices and deformations of the society, as we can see depicted in the three novels of the author. In turn, the narrative categories that most decisively influence the space representation are the instance (the narrator) and the narrative perspective (focusing). In the case of O mulato, Casa de pensão and O cortiço, the dominance is in choosing the omniscient narrator, who prefers a panoramic view, limited to an exterior and strictly objective description. The survey was developed through readings, literary cataloging and corpus discussions, with a theoretical basis determined by three dimensions: a) critical essays about the author and his works, such as those by Jean-Yves Mérian, Aluísio Azevedo, vida e obra: (1857-1913) and parts of the literature histories which deal with Naturalism, such as those by Alfredo Bosi, História concisa da literatura brasileira, b) theoretical studies about the novel character, such as those by Antonio Candido, A personagem do romance, and the romantic space ...