994 resultados para Commerçants savoyards -- Europe -- 1500-1800
Resumo:
The molecular and isotopic chemistry of organic residues from archaeological potsherds was used to obtain further insight into the dietary trends and economies at the Constance lake-shore Neolithic settlements. The archaeological organic residues from the Early Late Neolithic (3922-3902 BC) site Hornstaad-Hornle IA/Germany are, at present, the oldest archaeological samples analysed at the Institute of Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the University of Lausanne. The approach includes 13C/12C and 15N/14N ratios of the bulk organic residues, fatty acids distribution and 13C/12C ratios of individual fatty acids. The results are compared with those obtained from the over 500 years younger Neolithic (3384-3370 BC) settlement of Arbon Bleiche 3/Switzerland and with samples of modern vegetable oils and fat of animals that have been fed exclusively on C3 forage grasses. The overall fatty acid composition (C9 to C24 range, maximizing at C14 and C16), the bulk 13C/12C and 15N/14N ratios (delta13C, delta15N) and the 13C/12C ratios of palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and oleic acids (C18:1) of the organic residues indicate that most of the studied samples (25 from 47 samples and 5 from 41 in the delta13C18:0 vs. delta13C16:0 and delta13C18:0 vs. delta13C18:1 diagrams, respectively) from Hornstaad-Hornle IA and Arbon Bleiche 3 sherds contain fat residues of pre-industrial ruminant milk, and young suckling calf/lamb adipose. These data provide direct proof of milk and meat (mainly from young suckling calves) consumption and farming practices for a sustainable dairying in Neolithic villages in central Europe around 4000 BC.dagger
Resumo:
Contient : Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Isaïe (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Job (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Acte notarié en allemand et notes d'un hébraïsant ; Notes en hébreu et document officiel en allemand ; Notes en hébreu ; Variantes de texte du livre d'Isaïe (chap. 49) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Bible. A.T. (hébreu) (extraits) ; Mahzor (hébreu) (extrait)
Resumo:
Contient : Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Isaïe (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Job (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Acte notarié en allemand et notes d'un hébraïsant ; Notes en hébreu et document officiel en allemand ; Notes en hébreu ; Variantes de texte du livre d'Isaïe (chap. 49) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Bible. A.T. (hébreu) (extraits) ; Mahzor (hébreu) (extrait)
Resumo:
Contient : Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Deutéronome (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Isaïe (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Job (hébreu) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Bible. A.T. Nombres (hébreu) (araméen) (extraits) ; Acte notarié en allemand et notes d'un hébraïsant ; Notes en hébreu et document officiel en allemand ; Notes en hébreu ; Variantes de texte du livre d'Isaïe (chap. 49) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Mahzor (rite ashkénaze) (extrait) ; Bible. A.T. (hébreu) (extraits) ; Mahzor (hébreu) (extrait)
Resumo:
EuroSIDA is a pan-European observational study that follows 14,265 HIV-infected patients from 31 European countries, Israel and Argentina, of which 2,560 are patients from eastern Europe (EE). The study group has performed several analyses addressing regional differences in the HIV-epidemic across Europe, where all countries were divided into five regions: south, west central, north, east central Europe and EE. Significant regional differences in patients' characteristics and pattern of AIDS diagnoses were documented. More patients from EE were diagnosed with tuberculosis compared to other regions. Significantly fewer HIV-infected patients in EE, who fulfilled the criteria for starting combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), actually received cART as compared with other regions of Europe. Those, receiving cART in EE had a lower initial virologic response rate irrespectively of the regimen used, although it has improved within years. Besides, treatment failure was more common in this region. Thus, improvements in the clinical management of HIV patients in EE are urgently needed. Strategies include creating scientific collaborations for HIV clinicians as well as teaching clinicians about the most advanced HIV management at clinically oriented courses held in eastern Europe.
Resumo:
OBJECTIVES: HLA-B*5701 is a major histocompatibility complex class I allele associated with an immunologically-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir. The objectives of this study were to evaluate HLA-B*5701 prevalence among European, HIV-1-infected patients and to compare the local and central laboratory screening results. METHODS: Data were combined from six multicentre, prospective studies involving 10 European countries in which HIV-1-infected patients (irrespective of treatment experience or previous HLA-B*5701 screening), >or=18 years of age, were evaluated for HLA-B*5701 carriage, determined by the central and local laboratory methods. RESULTS: A total of 9720 patients from 272 centres were included in the analysis. The overall estimate of HLA-B*5701 prevalence in Europe was 4.98%, with country-specific estimates ranging from 1.53 to 7.75%. HLA-B*5701 prevalence was highest in the self-reported white population (6.49%) and lowest in the black population (0.39%). Local laboratory results had a high specificity (99.9%) and sensitivity (99.2%) when compared with the central laboratory results. CONCLUSION: This study supports data from previous studies regarding the prevalence of HLA-B*5701 in the HIV population and the variation of HLA-B*5701 prevalence between different racial groups. The high specificity and sensitivity of local laboratory results, suggests that clinicians can be confident in using local laboratories for pretreatment HLA-B*5701 screening. However, it is essential that local laboratories participate in HLA-B*5701-specific quality assurance programs to maintain 100% sensitivity. In HIV-infected patients, pretreatment HLA-B*5701 screening may allow more informed decisions regarding abacavir use and has the potential to significantly reduce the frequency of abacavir-related hypersensitivity reactions and costs associated with managing these reactions.
Resumo:
Comprend : Dépêche de Lord Whitworth, ambassadeur d'Angleterre en France, au cabinet britannique (Lord Hawkesbury) ; Déclaration adressée au ministre des Etats-Unis, ainsi qu'aux autres ministres et agens de puissances neutres, près le Gouvernement britannique ; Décret de Berlin, en notre camp impérial de Berlin ; Ordre du Conseil britannique ; Ordre du Conseil britannique ; Décret de Milan, en notre palais royal de Milan ; Ordre du Conseil britannique ; Ordre du Conseil britannique ; Rapport adressé à l'Empereur Napoléon par son ministre des relations extérieures / et communiqué au Sénat françois, dans la séance du 10 mars 1812 ; Déclaration du Gouvernement britannique ; Extrait du Traité de navigation et de commerce ; Extrait du Traité maritime conclu entre la Russie et l'Angleterre ; Déclaration de S. M. l'Impératrice de toutes les Russies aux Cours de Londres, de Versailles, et de Madrid ; Extrait de la déclaration de S. M. l'Empereur de toutes les Russies, publiée à St. Petersbourg