Population and migration: Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Communication strategy and migration policy; an exploratory literature survey pertaining to the Latin American situation

Includes bibliography

Differential migration in some regions and cities of Latin America in the period 1940-1950

Includes bibliography

Population and migration: Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Bibliography on internal migration

Incluye Bibliografía

Socio-economic determinants of internal migration with special reference to Latin America and the Caribbean region

Includes bibliography

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the nucleus of solitary tract decreases blood pressure in SHRs

Aims The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an intracellular inhibitor of the central nervous system actions of angiotensin II on blood pressure. Considering that angiotensin II actions at the nucleus of the solitary tract are important for the maintenance of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), we tested if increased MIF expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract of SHR alters the baseline high blood pressure in these rats.Methods and resultsEight-week-old SHRs or normotensive rats were microinjected with the vector AAV2-CBA-MIF into the nucleus of the solitary tract, resulting in MIF expression predominantly in neurons. Rats also underwent recordings of the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (via telemetry devices implanted in the abdominal aorta), cardiac- and baroreflex function. Injections of AAV2-CBA-MIF into the nucleus of the solitary tract of SHRs produced significant decreases in the MAP, ranging from 10 to 20 mmHg, compared with age-matched SHRs that had received identical microinjections of the control vector AAV2-CBA-eGFP. This lowered MAP in SHRs was maintained through the end of the experiment at 31 days, and was associated with an improvement in baroreflex function to values observed in normotensive rats. In contrast to SHRs, similar increased MIF expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract of normotensive rats produced no changes in baseline MAP and baroreflex function.ConclusionThese results indicate that an increased expression of MIF within the nucleus of the solitary tract neurons of SHRs lowers blood pressure and restores baroreflex function. © 2012 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.

Intraregional migration of skilled manpower

Includes bibliography

Globalization and international migration: the Latin American experience

Includes bibliography

International migration and development: the socioeconomic impact of remittances in Colombia

Includes bibliography

Spatial distribution, internal migration and development in Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

The subsidiary role of direct foreign investment in industrialization: the Colombian manufacturing sector

Includes bibliography

The missing future: Colombian youth

Includes bibliography

International migration, human rights and development in Latin America and the Caribbean: summary and conclusions

Includes bibliography

International migration, human rights and development in Latin America and the Caribbean: summary and conclusions

Includes bibliography