Aportación a la numismática de las taifas

El periodo de los reinos de taifas andalusíes sigue aportando novedades numismáticas de gran interés. En el presente artículo damos a conocer tres fracciones de dinar de época taifa que presentan variantes en la disposición de las leyendas no conocidas hasta el momento: una a nombre de ʻAli Iqbāl al-Dawla de Denia, otra de Muqātil Sayf al-Milla de Tortosa, y la última de Calatayud a nombre de Muḥammad ʻAḏid al-Dawla. Estas piezas fueron halladas formando parte de un tesorillo exhumado en el transcurso de una excavación arqueológica de un solar en la calle Jabonerías de Murcia.

Self-rated health and mortality: a follow-up study of a Spanish population

Objectives: Self-rated health (SRH) is known to be a valid indicator for the prediction of health outcomes. The aims of this study were to describe and analyse the associations between SRH and health status, socio-economic and demographic characteristics; and between SRH and mortality in a Spanish population. Study design: Longitudinal study. Methods: A sample of 5275 adults (age ≥21 years) residing in the Valencian Community (Spanish Mediterranean region) was surveyed in 2005 and followed for four years. SRH was categorized into good and poor health. The response variable was mortality (dead/alive), obtained from the local mortality register. Logistic regression models were adjusted in order to analyse the associations between SRH and health status, socio-economic and demographic characteristics; odds ratios were calculated to measure the associations. Poisson regression models were adjusted in order to analyse the associations between mortality and explanatory variables; the relative risk of death was calculated to measure the associations. Results: Poor SRH was reported by 25.9% of respondents, and the mortality rate after four years of follow-up was 3.6%. An association was found between SRH and the presence of chronic disease and disability in men and women. A perception of poor health vs good health led to a mortality risk of 3.0 in men and 2.7 in women. SRH was predictive of mortality, even after adjusting for all other variables. In men and women, the presence of disability provided additional predictive ability. Conclusions: SRH was predictive of mortality in both men and women, and acted as a mediator between socio-economic, demographic and health conditions and mortality.

Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in preventable mortality in urban areas of 33 Spanish cities, 1996–2007 (MEDEA project)

Background: Preventable mortality is a good indicator of possible problems to be investigated in the primary prevention chain, making it also a useful tool with which to evaluate health policies particularly public health policies. This study describes inequalities in preventable avoidable mortality in relation to socioeconomic status in small urban areas of thirty three Spanish cities, and analyses their evolution over the course of the periods 1996–2001 and 2002–2007. Methods: We analysed census tracts and all deaths occurring in the population residing in these cities from 1996 to 2007 were taken into account. The causes included in the study were lung cancer, cirrhosis, AIDS/HIV, motor vehicle traffic accidents injuries, suicide and homicide. The census tracts were classified into three groups, according their socioeconomic level. To analyse inequalities in mortality risks between the highest and lowest socioeconomic levels and over different periods, for each city and separating by sex, Poisson regression were used. Results: Preventable avoidable mortality made a significant contribution to general mortality (around 7.5%, higher among men), having decreased over time in men (12.7 in 1996–2001 and 10.9 in 2002–2007), though not so clearly among women (3.3% in 1996–2001 and 2.9% in 2002–2007). It has been observed in men that the risks of death are higher in areas of greater deprivation, and that these excesses have not modified over time. The result in women is different and differences in mortality risks by socioeconomic level could not be established in many cities. Conclusions: Preventable mortality decreased between the 1996–2001 and 2002–2007 periods, more markedly in men than in women. There were socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in most cities analysed, associating a higher risk of death with higher levels of deprivation. Inequalities have remained over the two periods analysed. This study makes it possible to identify those areas where excess preventable mortality was associated with more deprived zones. It is in these deprived zones where actions to reduce and monitor health inequalities should be put into place. Primary healthcare may play an important role in this process.

Self-rated health and hospital services use in the Spanish National Health System: a longitudinal study

Background: Self-rated health is a subjective measure that has been related to indicators such as mortality, morbidity, functional capacity, and the use of health services. In Spain, there are few longitudinal studies associating self-rated health with hospital services use. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between self-rated health and socioeconomic, demographic, and health variables, and the use of hospital services among the general population in the Region of Valencia, Spain. Methods: Longitudinal study of 5,275 adults who were included in the 2005 Region of Valencia Health Survey and linked to the Minimum Hospital Data Set between 2006 and 2009. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios between use of hospital services and self-rated health, sex, age, educational level, employment status, income, country of birth, chronic conditions, disability and previous use of hospital services. Results: By the end of a 4-year follow-up period, 1,184 participants (22.4 %) had used hospital services. Use of hospital services was associated with poor self-rated health among both men and women. In men, it was also associated with unemployment, low income, and the presence of a chronic disease. In women, it was associated with low educational level, the presence of a disability, previous hospital services use, and the presence of chronic disease. Interactions were detected between self-rated health and chronic disease in men and between self-rated health and educational level in women. Conclusions: Self-rated health acts as a predictor of hospital services use. Various health and socioeconomic variables provide additional predictive capacity. Interactions were detected between self-rated health and other variables that may reflect different complex predictive models, by gender.

Trends in mortality due to motor vehicle traffic accident injuries between 1987 and 2011 in a Spanish region (Comunitat Valenciana)

Objective: To analyse the time evolution of the rates of mortality due to motor vehicle traffic accidents (MVTA) injuries that occurred among the general population of Comunitat Valenciana between 1987 and 2011, as well as to identify trend changes by sex and age group. Methods: An observational study of annual mortality trends between 1987 and 2011. We studied all deaths due to MVTA injuries that occurred during this period of time among the non-institutionalised population residing in Comunitat Valenciana (a Spanish Mediterranean region that had a population of 5,117,190 inhabitants in 2011). The rates of mortality due to MVTA injuries were calculated for each sex and year studied. These rates were standardised by age for the total population and for specific age groups using the direct method (age-standardised rate – ASR). Joinpoint regression models were used in order to detect significant trend changes. Additionally, the annual percentage change (APC) of the ASRs was calculated for each trend segment, which is reflected in statistically significant joinpoints. Results: For all ages, ASRs decrease greatly in both men and women (70% decrease between 1990 and 2011). In 1990 and 2011, men have rates of 36.5 and 5.2 per 100,000 men/year, respectively. In the same years, women have rates of 8.0 and 0.9 per 100,000 women/year, respectively. This decrease reaches up to 90% in the age group 15–34 years in both men and women. ASR ratios for men and women increased over time for all ages: this ratio was 3.9 in 1987; 4.6 in 1990; and 5.8 in 2011. For both men and women, there is a first significant segment (p < 0.05) with an increasing trend between 1987 and 1989–1990. After 1990, there are 3 segments with a significant decreasing APC (1990–1993, 1993–2005 and 2005–2011, in the case of men; and 1989–1996, 1999–2007 and 2007–2011, in the case of women). Conclusion: The risk of death due to motor vehicle traffic accidents injuries has decreased significantly, especially in the case of women, for the last 25 years in Comunitat Valenciana, mainly as of 2006. This may be a consequence of the road-safety measures that have been implemented in Spain and in Comunitat Valenciana since 2004. The economic crisis that this country has undergone since 2008 may have also been a contributing factor to this decrease. Despite the decrease, ASR ratios for men and women increased over time and it is still a high-risk cause of death among young men. It is thus important that the measures that helped decrease the risk of death are maintained and improved over time.

Trends and Disparities in Mortality Among Spanish-Born and Foreign-Born Populations Residing in Spain, 1999–2008

Spain’s immigrant population has increased 380 % in the last decade, accounting for 13.1 % of the total population. This fact has led her to become during 2009 the eighth recipient country of international immigrants in the world. The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of mortality and the main causes of death among the Spanish-born and foreign-born populations residing in Spain between 1999 and 2008. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs), average age and comparative mortality ratios among foreign-born and Spanish-born populations residing in Spain were computed for every year and sub-period by sex, cause of death and place of birth as well as by the ASR percentage change. During 1999–2008 the ASR showed a progressive decrease in the risk of death in the Spanish-born population (−17.8 % for men and −16.6 % for women) as well as in the foreign-born one (−45.9 % for men and −35.7 % for women). ASR also showed a progressive decrease for practically all the causes of death, in both populations. It has been observed that the risk of death due to neoplasms and respiratory diseases among immigrants is lower than that of their Spanish-born counterparts, but risk due to external causes is higher. Places of birth with the greater decreases are Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The research shows the differences in the reduction of death risk between Spanish-born and immigrant inhabitants between 1999 and 2008. These results could contribute to the ability of central and local governments to create effective health policy. Further research is necessary to examine changes in mortality trends among immigrant populations as a consequence of the economic crisis and the reforms in the Spanish health system. Spanish data sources should incorporate into their records information that enables them to find out the immigrant duration of permanence and the possible impact of this on mortality indicators.

Innovación docente para la mejora de competencias en los estudiantes de Psicología de la Instrucción

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo diseñar diferentes actividades y materiales de trabajo para potenciar las competencias propias de la asignatura de Psicología de la Instrucción. Los participantes fueron nueve docentes que pertenecen al Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y Didáctica de la Universidad de Alicante. Para realizar la investigación se eligió una metodología de trabajo dinámica, participativa y colaborativa, contando con distintas herramientas de comunicación on-line como la Dropbox, el campus virtual y el correo electrónico, así como la participación en dos reuniones presenciales. Finalmente, el equipo diseñó 19 prácticas y siete casos prácticos, estructurados en los apartados de introducción y justificación de la práctica, objetivos, procedimiento, metodología y bibliografía. Se señalan las dificultades encontradas durante la realización de la investigación, las propuestas de mejora, así como, la proyección futura del equipo de trabajo y la difusión de los resultados de la red.

Red docente para el seguimiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en Estructuras Metálicas y Estructuras de Hormigón Armado en Ingeniería Civil

Para adaptar al nuevo contexto del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior los contenidos y metodologías de las asignaturas “Estructuras Metálicas” y “Estructuras de Hormigón Armado y Pretensado” del Grado en Ingeniería Civil, durante el curso 2012-13 se constituyó la red “Tecnología de Estructuras en el EEES: Estructuras Metálicas y de Hormigón Armado en Ingeniería Civil”. En el curso 2013-14, para plantear mejoras del trabajo iniciado en la red anterior, el mismo grupo de investigadores constituyó la red “Mejoras en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de Estructuras Metálicas y de Hormigón Armado en Ingeniería Civil”. En vista de los buenos resultados y de la gran utilidad de las redes de investigación en docencia de los cursos anteriores, previamente mencionadas, con esta nueva red creada en este curso 2014-15 se pretende realizar el seguimiento de los trabajos anteriores, así como continuar con la mejora continua del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de estas asignaturas. En general, las metodologías empleadas continúan siendo adecuadas, aunque pueden y deben ser mejoradas. Entre los resultados obtenidos de esta red, destaca la necesidad de realizar cambios en las prácticas con ordenador en futuros cursos y el diseño de unas nuevas prácticas de laboratorio.

Rosas y Montevideo devant la Cour d'assises, le 14 octobre 1851.

M. Pacheco y Obes contre les gérants des journaux Des débats et Revue des deux-mondes; compte-rendu.--Notes.--dernières nouvelles, et actes officiels des gouvernements alliés, contre le dictateur de Buénos-Ayres, publiés par ordre de la Légation orientale, à Paris.

Juicio crítico de los principales poetas españoles de la última era. Obra póstuma

t. 1. D. Leandro Fernandez de Moratin. D. Juan Melendez Valdes.--t. 2. El conde de Noroña. D. Melchor Gaspar de Jovellanos. D. Nicasio Álvarez de Cienfuegos. D. José María Roldan. D. Francisco de Castro. D. Manuel de Arjona. D. Francisco Sanchez Barbero.

Disertacion sobre el agua mineral de Sahelices /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ibáñez sobre el Agua, carta joco-seria y medico critica, respondiendo por el mismo correo a un amigo matritense ... sobre el papel de D. Vicente Pérez.

Mode of access: Internet.