Análises físico-químicas de polpas de frutas e avaliação dos seus padrões de identidade e qualidade

The pulps are products that add economic value enjoy the fruits of the surplus productions of the same. Have good market acceptance because of its practicality and diversity of flavors available year round. In order to assess the quality of the fruit pulp through the physical and chemical parameters and the characteristics of manufacturing industry, we analyzed 36 samples of frozen fruit pulp of three brands marketed in RIO Grande do Norte, 14 brand A, 12 of 10 brand B and brand C, which corresponded to 14 different flavors, of which 10 have identity Standards and Quality (ISQ S) established by the Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), totaling 27 samples with ISQ s. We conducted the following physicalchemical analyzes on samples of fruit pulp: Total solids, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, total sugars and the determination of ascorbic acid. The percentage of failure for each parameter evaluated was 37, 04% in total soluble solids, 22,22% for total solids and titratable acidity, 7,40% in relation to pH. The total sugars were within the requirements demanded by the MAPA and ascorbic acid content, determined only in the pulp of acerola and cashew, presented a non compliance in the pulp of brand B. The percentage of failures of the pulps with ISQ S was 59% with brand A, B and C accounted for 3,70%, 33,33% and 22,22% respectively. The pulps which have no established atandards such as pineapple pulp, showed similar values between brands and literature data unlike the pulp of plum, jackfruit and tamarind which diverged greatly in parameters such as total solids and total soluble solids. The study demonstrates the need for greater quality control by the producers with respect to raw materials, processing, packing, stored and the importance of ISQ S to establish the flavors have not yet covered by existing legislation, but already highly commercialized

Avaliação das ações do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) em Macaíba/RN

This research evaluated the contribution of the Support Center for Family Health (SCFH) in relation to its effect on the Family Health Units through perception of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and SCFH professionals, in addition to the satisfaction of users in relation to that role. Data were collected in the public health services of the city of Macaíba-RN in 2012, through semi-structured questionnaire and non participant systematic observation and it counted as investigated subjects 272 individuals (60 FHS professionals, 12 SCFH professionals and 200 users representatives of 20 units). For analysis of the responses of the opened questions was used categorization process and, in relation to the observational method, that was based on checking the space organization, the characteristics of the participating subjects and the specific set of activities performed by SCFH teams through an observation guide. The results point to a good acceptance of the SCFH teams role by most FHS professionals who reported active participation in the health units routine, its integration activities to the FHS teams with resolving based health promotion actions. Regarding the SCFH professionals, they also reported positive contribution by participating actively in the units routine with integrated activities to the ESF teams and developing resolute actions. For users, the SCFH brought assurance services with better access to specialized, resolving and welcoming care. Systematic observation ratified data obtained by questionnaire. It was perceived the need to implement actions related to man`s health, to invest in expanding the number of the SCFH teams, the greater supply of medications, improving the regulatory process and planning together as a key strategy to promote a more effective integration between teams SCFH / FHS

Efeitos do sistema de condução, poda e irrigação na produção do maracujazeiro doce

O maracujá é um fruto de ampla aceitação dada a qualidade de seu suco, sendo o maracujazeiro-amarelo o mais cultivado no Brasil. Nos últimos anos, cresceu o interesse pelo maracujazeiro doce, em função de alcançar bons preços no mercado in natura. Assim, informações técnicas por parte dos agricultores têm se intensificado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produção e a qualidade dos frutos desta espécie, cultivada sob poda e irrigação em diferentes sistemas de condução. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em faixas, contendo 12 tratamentos (plantas com e sem irrigação, com e sem poda e três sistemas de condução) e 3 repetições. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir: a) o sistema de condução e a poda não afetaram o tamanho dos frutos; b) o sistema de condução não afetou a massa dos frutos, porém as plantas podadas produziram frutos com maior massa; c) a poda diminuiu o número de frutos por planta e o rendimento por área, nos sistemas de condução em T normal e espaldeira vertical com um fio de arame; d) a poda não alterou o número de frutos por planta e o rendimento por área, no sistema de condução em espaldeira vertical com dois fios de arame.

Qualidade industrial de cultivares de trigo e triticale submetidos à adubação nitrogenada no sistema de plantio direto

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mulher não vale nem um real : patriarcado nas letras das músicas de forró

Patriarchy is a dominating system that establishes male power in social relations as the social-ideological system and the structuring element of several ways of men‟s domination on gender social relations, on organization of social life, on private relations, and on political decision spaces. In this study we enlarge our reflection about patriarchy from the analysis of Forró lyrics, more specifically the variation known as stylized. Of late decades, it is a kind of music that has been receiving a large acceptance all over the national territory, making use of everyday expressions that propagate and make apology to many forms of discrimination, oppression and violence against women. We emphasize that over this study 14 Forró lyrics were analyzed of different styles besides stylized, like the traditional and the double meaning ones. However, we dwelled on the content analysis, particularly in three Stylized Forró lyrics, they are: Tapa na Cara (2008) by Saia Rodada Band; Mulher Roleira (2004), Aviões do Forró Band; and Bomba no Cabaré (2007), Matruz com Leite Band. In order to make a critical analysis of the elements in the lyrics content, we support ourselves on the theoretic-methodological references of the dialectical materialism, a method that allowed us to get closer to the totality of the reality that includes the popular involvement of the analyzed lyrics in a qualitative way. In that sense, we hold onto the theoretic-methodological categories: gender social relations, patriarchy, violence against women, ideology and cultural industry. As from the lyrics compilation, they were arranged by theme, we classified and analyzed the content, which allowed us to comprehend the messages in the lyrics, beyond the text shows at first sight. Today, there are many mechanisms of propagation and perpetuation of patriarchal ideology. A very relevant mechanism of this phenomenon is the sexual violence. The violence against women is a form to propagate and keep sexism, which may occur in different ways, like physical, psychological, sexual, patrimonial and social. Through our study we established that the propagation of the violence against women as being something natural and banal, giving reinforcement to the asymmetric construction of gender relations that priorizes male to the detriment of female. This banalization is perhaps, one of the strongest allies of this phenomenon‟s perpetuation, that affects women all over the world from different social classes

Políticas públicas para a terceira idade: uma avaliação do Programa Idoso Cidadão da Prefeitura Municipal de Mossoró/RN

Nos últimos anos, o tema velhice tem despertado mais a atenção de diversos setores da sociedade. O resultado disso é o aumento de reportagens, artigos, monografias, dissertações e teses sobre ele.O Brasil está caminhando para se tornar a sexta população de idosos no mundo, fruto do grande avanço tecnológico, intensificado na segunda metade do século XX, facilitando as conquistas da medicina, da saúde e da genética. Vale salientar que essa problemática está inserida em um contexto social, político e econômico específico, que é o da resignificação do poder local. É nessa conjuntura que situamos o presente trabalho, que é um estudo sobre a avaliação de políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, procuramos analisar a efetividade do Programa Idoso Cidadão, da Prefeitura Municipal de Mossoró. O quadro de referência teórico-metodológico situa-se na revisão da literatura sobre terceira idade, poder local e avaliação de políticas públicas, observação assistemática; e entrevista semi-estruturada com os gestores, os profissionais envolvidos e particularmente com os usuários do Programa, tendo como meta averiguar como esses agentes percebem a implementação e os resultados do Programa. Com este tratamento conceitual foi possível apreender as condições em que se deu o estudo sobre a efetividade do referido programa para o processo de inclusão dos idosos na sociedade. O Programa Idoso Cidadão é, sem dúvida, um avanço no trabalho com os idosos e na inclusão destes na sociedade. É um espaço para a construção da cidadania, embora apresente muitas limitações, principalmente na área física e no quadro profissional. Constatou-se que, de modo geral, o Programa atende às necessidades básicas de sua clientela. Portanto podemos dizer que a avaliação da efetividade dessa política de atendimento ao idoso se mostrou eficaz, uma vez que podemos perceber o quanto o programa é importante para a vida de seus usuários, promovendo a elevação de sua auto-estima e de sua aceitação como categoria social

Uma linguagem de modelagem da interação para auxiliar a comunicação designer-usuário

The development of interactive systems involves several professionals and the integration between them normally uses common artifacts, such as models, that drive the development process. In the model-driven development approach, the interaction model is an artifact that includes the most of the aspects related to what and how the user can do while he/she interacting with the system. Furthermore, the interactive model may be used to identify usability problems at design time. Therefore, the central problematic addressed by this thesis is twofold. In the first place, the interaction modeling, in a perspective that helps the designer to explicit to developer, who will implement the interface, the aspcts related to the interaction process. In the second place, the anticipated identification of usability problems, that aims to reduce the application final costs. To achieve these goals, this work presents (i) the ALaDIM language, that aims to help the designer on the conception, representation and validation of his interactive message models; (ii) the ALaDIM editor, which was built using the EMF (Eclipse Modeling Framework) and its standardized technologies by OMG (Object Management Group); and (iii) the ALaDIM inspection method, which allows the anticipated identification of usability problems using ALaDIM models. ALaDIM language and editor were respectively specified and implemented using the OMG standards and they can be used in MDA (Model Driven Architecture) activities. Beyond that, we evaluated both ALaDIM language and editor using a CDN (Cognitive Dimensions of Notations) analysis. Finally, this work reports an experiment that validated the ALaDIM inspection method

Pensamento brasileiro e integração regional

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a forma como algumas escolas de pensamento, representadas por figuras significativas, percebem no Brasil o tema da integração regional. O foco é a segunda metade do século XX, buscando compreender as concepções de projeção regional e internacional do país, que fundamentam as possibilidades de integração. Para isso, serão discutidos os seguintes temas: o papel do Estado, a visão de país, o nacionalismo, o desenvolvimento econômico e o subdesenvolvimento, o reconhecimento internacional e a percepção dos vizinhos. A ideia da especificidade frente aos países vizinhos é um elemento presente na obra de intelectuais e de formuladores de políticas. Ela se faz presente em muitos países, inclusive em outros dessa região. Buscaremos entender como essa ideia evoluiu no Brasil, chegando, nos anos 1980, à aceitação da existência de uma comunidade de interesses com os países do Cone Sul e da América do Sul.

Considerações sobre analgesia controlada pelo paciente em hospital universitário

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O rápido progresso obtido nas técnicas cirúrgicas e anestésicas nos últimos anos proporcionou extraordinário aumento das indicações de procedimentos invasivos. Por outro lado, com o envelhecimento da população, o período de recuperação pós-operatória passou a ser motivo de maior preocupação da equipe de saúde. Para tanto, novas técnicas de analgesia foram criadas e desenvolvidas e, dentre elas, destaca-se a Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente (ACP). em nosso país, o Serviço de Dor Aguda (SEDA) da Disciplina de Terapia Antálgica e Cuidados Paliativos, do Departamento de Anestesiologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP, utiliza há muitos anos esta técnica de analgesia. Com a finalidade de atestar a qualidade do serviço prestado, a pesquisa objetiva verificar a eficácia e segurança do método, assim como identificar e caracterizar a população atendida. MÉTODO: de modo retrospectivo, foram avaliados 679 pacientes tratados pelo SEDA, exclusivamente com o método de ACP, durante três anos. Os pacientes foram incluídos na análise aleatoriamente, sem restrições quanto à idade, ao sexo, ao tipo de cirurgia e considerando-se unicamente a possibilidade de indicação da ACP. Foram estudados os seguintes atributos: sexo, idade, tipo de cirurgia, intensidade da dor, dias de acompanhamento, analgésicos utilizados, vias de administração, ocorrência de efeitos colaterais e complicações da técnica. RESULTADOS: 3,96% dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias e 1,64% dos internados no período observado foram acompanhados com técnica ACP. A cirurgia torácica foi a mais freqüentemente atendida, com 25% dos pacientes. A morfina foi o medicamento mais utilizado (54,2%), sendo a via peridural a preferencial (49,5%). A escala numérica verbal média foi de 0,8 (0-10). Os efeitos colaterais ocorreram em 22,4% dos doentes tratados. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados foram considerados excelentes quanto à qualidade da analgesia, embora com ocorrência de efeitos colaterais indesejáveis, tendo havido boa aceitação da técnica de analgesia pelas clínicas atendidas.

Participação social e designação de espécie-bandeira: ações complementares à conservação de um parque estadual em área urbana

Facing environmental problems the planet appears several alternative preventive and control on behalf of the equation between development and environmental protection. One of the alternatives implemented in Brazil to conservation of biodiversity was the creation of protected natural areas regulated by the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC). This is an integrated study of the Comunication / Environmental Conservation, which prioritizes social participation as a complementary in the conservation process, the particular case of the Dunas do Natal State Park, the first conservation area in Rio Grande do Norte, for full protection. It takes into account the roles environmental, scientific and Park, which harbors a unique biodiversity, including endemic species and the fact being located in an urban area. It proposes the use of two complementary instruments, such as strategies for conservation. Considering the various individual experiences, it was analyzed the perception that the community is directly related to the Park. From this promoted the democratization of information about the park, its biodiversity and conservation. As another conservation tool, it was suggested the use of a flagship species for the park, or a body chosen symbol for environmental or social reasons, in order to protect and conserve certain natural environments, from the understanding and co -community participation. In this case, as proposed flag Coleodactylus natalensis species, the lizard-the-litter, to be endemic remnants of Atlantic Forest Park as having the type locality, be one of the smallest species of the world, South America's lowest-dependent shadow of the forest, sensitive to human action and therefore very vulnerable. This suggestion finds support in the degree of public acceptance that interacts directly with the Park, as a result of the evaluation of their perceptions. It was further observed in this study that this symbology to be used in order to promote the democratization of the Park and its biodiversity has an identification result, curiosity and probable involvement of the population with the issues of the Park

Viabilidade da cultura Cnidoscolus quercifolius POHL para produção de Biodiesel no semiárido nordestino

The northeastern semiarid is a region that presents a serious picture stagnation or slowness of the economic growth, beyond the presence of social pointers below of the averages national and regional. The half-dryness conditions become the improper region for many agricultural cultures, what it affects the local populations directly, as well as the economy that is based mainly on agriculture. Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl, popularly know as favelone is a native species of the semiarid region that withholds great potential for the development of the region in virtue of its multiple uses. Being an oleaginous, its production in familiar farmings makes with that biodiesel either for the misery an important alternative eradication for the possibility of occupation of enormous contingents of people. The present study it aims at to evaluate the germination of the faveleira without thorns under conditions of water and saline stresses, main stresses which the vegetal species of the semiarid one are submitted; beyond verifying the acceptance of the species for agriculturists of a cooperative in the city of Apodi/RN. The methodology used for germination corresponds to using treatments with polyethylene glycol and sodium chloride to assess water and salt stress respectively, being held in rolo. O system approach used for the verification of acceptance of faveleira was the use of interview with farmers cooperative in the study area determined. In this direction it was verified that the faveleira is a resistant species the conditions of drought and salinity of the ground, factor of great relevance, since one is about a species with high added value, making possible the development for the semiarid region. It was verified that the agriculturists are favorable the introduction of the faveleira and reveal receptive the idea to cultivate a species with potential for production of biodiesel

Percepção de riscos ambientais de populações vulneráveis a inundações e deslizamentos de dunas em Natal-RN

In urban, flooding and landslides are among the troubles that most bring human and material loss. Therefore, this study objected to perform an analysis on the risk perception on the population living in social environmental vulnerable places in order to understand what is the way this population realize the risks they are exposed to and what are the outbrave strategies the develop. The first analyzed area was Complexo Passo da Pátria for the flooding risk problematic and then the Cidade Nova neighborhood threatened by the dunes slides. The areas locate, respectively, in the West and East zones of Natal-RN. Using an interview screenplay adapted from risk perception researches from different brazilian cities, it was collected primarily data on the variables: perception, evaluation and choice, safety threshold, adjustment, decision and participation. Due to the studied areas characteristics the qualitative approach adjusted itself to the difficulties for accessing the areas. The studied places characterize for its insecure situation like selling/using drugs, robbery and murder among others. Due to this situation the interviewed individuals were the ones that could be found more accessibly and available in the moment and the interviews were made in the community leader presence of each area. Through the discourse of the respondents analysis it was able to conclude that the interviewed population is exposed to a high vulnerability grade and risks. However it was identified substantial differences between the perception and risks of Complexo Passo da Pátria and bairro Cidade Nova, because in the first area the intervied ones can recognize the high risk they are exposed to in a more emphatic way to the interviewed ones for the Cidade Nova neighborhood. Furthermore, there is a heavy dissatisfaction for the population of the two places about the city hall positions relating to the present problems in the studied areas. It was also identified the strategy development of acquaintanceship with the risk in the research places beyond a feeling of belonging and affection between the dwellers and the places, yet it was more evident for Complexo Passo da Pátria. Though this analysis it was possible to understand and perceptions and the behavior of the individuals or social groups facing the risks as acceptance and rejection of determined risks beyond adaptation measures of living together with the persistence presence of risks. Therefore, qualitative nature researches emphasizing the perception approach are in the fundamental importance in the studies about risks making it possible to offer aids to the urban planning and management in the implement of effective preventive measures and compatible with the population aims

A ousadia como horizonte: religando vida e ideias na formação em enfermagem

A proposal of formation in health/nursing built on classic science, on reducing thought and flexnerian paradigm is insufficient to comprehend and intervening with an amplified way on health needs of population, given that it is produced by fragmentation of knowledge, rationalization of thought, mechanizing and biological attitudes. It is necessary that formation in health/nursing allows the construction of effectiveness of principles and guidelines of Unique System of Health (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS). In this context of emergency of a complex formation in health/nursing, life trajectories and formation of the nurses: Abigail Moura, Francisca Valda and Raimunda Germano are examples of transgressor and successful experiences which allow inquietude, changing and transforming formation patterns and self-formation. The present study is built from the comprehension of method as strategy , defended by Morin and complexity sciences. Has as objects building biographies of formation of these three nurses who express a formation model more totalizing and humanitarian, analyzing and discussing starting from the three biographic fragments guiding principles for the current process of formation in health/nursing. From the biographies, the courage and humbleness emerge as landmarking principles of their experiences. Humbleness neither as self-depreciation nor humiliation but as consciousness of our uncompleted and unfinished essence, acceptance of boundaries and potential and reduction of intellectual vanity. Courage, for its part, is the human pulsing, uncertain for nature, which brings us to act, to face and persevere on moments of fear and difficulties. A formation in health and nursing based on courage and humbleness allows the subjects to be taken away from indifference, arrogance, inertia, pragmatism: bets on ethic and political subjects capable of minimizing unequal, inhumane and excluding processes. Na intellectual and Professional attitude which politizes the thought and science is what must be expected from a complex formation in health field, in latu mode on nursing, in particular

Uma abordagem dialógica para a utilização de atividades experimentais em sala de aula

The belief of using experimental activities in the teaching of Physics as a strategy to produce a more efficient teaching-learning process is great among teachers and the school community. However, there are many difficulties for their implementation and when it happens they do not contribute for an improvement in class efficiency due to the method used. In this work, we developed a proposal for using these activities in Physics classes in high school, from a critical-reflexive approach in which the constant dialogue between the participants in the teaching-learning process is fundamental. The work was developed in two ways. The first, where the author/writer created an educational material and applied it in classroom and a second one, where he presented the idea to other teachers and undergraduate students from the Physics course at UFRN and IFRN (former CEFET-RN) through an extended workshop entitled "The role of experimental activities in the Physics teaching". This workshop had the duration of 60 hours and was implemented in 4 steps: i) sensitization and formation, ii) material development, iii) material implementation and iv) evaluation by teachers and students from the classes where the material was applied. The goal of this workshop was to present the approach, evaluate how the participants received the idea and how they would apply it in real situations. The results of the application in classroom allowed us to reach some conclusions. This approach was well received by the students as well as by the workshop participants. Despite some difficulties in relation to the handling of the implementation results by the workshop participants, they indicated changes in these professionals teaching practice and the introduction of experimental activities has been an important subsidy to assist them in Physics class in high school

Adolescentes e grávidas: onde buscam apoio?

Adolescência é época de crise, mudança, readaptação ao novo corpo e de novas atitudes frente a vida. Se somarmos a isso o significado da gravidez, dos pontos de vista pessoal, social e familiar, compreenderemos como a gestação pode ser um evento difícil para a adolescente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar onde as adolescentes grávidas buscam apoio. Evidenciou-se que as entrevistadas puderam contar com o apoio da família, principalmente dos pais e, com menos freqüência com o do pai do bebê, bem como a aceitação da gravidez, sua relação com o abandono escolar, a visão idealizada dessas garotas acerca da gestação e expectativas futuras, a preocupação com aspectos biológicos e a despreocupação com problemas concretos.