Rediseño de productos: de los productos modularizados a la distribución de planta para una familia de productos

Esta investigación pretende evidenciar como el rediseño de un producto, específicamente el rediseño modular, puede generar cambios en la distribución de planta incrementando los niveles de producción de una empresa -- Dicho incremento se logró implementando una nueva metodología, que será ampliamente descrita en este trabajo, y que contempla todo el proceso del rediseño de productos, desde el desensamble hasta la distribución de la planta -- Para esta investigación se utilizaron herramientas conocidas como el Análisis Funcional, la Matriz de Interacción, El Diseño para el Ensamble (DFA), el Diagrama de Operaciones y algunos conceptos de la gestión de plataforma de un producto modular -- Como ejemplo ilustrativo, se rediseñaron dos productos ya existentes, una licuadora SAMURAI modelo FACICLIC negra y un procesador de alimentos HAMILTON BEACH modelo 70740, los cuales sirvieron de base para evidenciar cómo al transformar un producto en uno más modular se mejora significativamente la distribución de planta, logrando un incremento en la producción de éste, al tiempo que se reducen los tiempos de ensamble y se optimiza la disposición de los puestos de trabajo en la planta para conformar el producto final -- Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, fue indispensable crear una nueva ruta metodológica que nos permitiera rediseñar un producto inicial como un producto modularizado y terminar con el rediseño de la distribución de planta de una familia de productos modulares -- Esta nueva ruta metodológica, que hace parte de nuestros resultados de investigación, consta de tres fases -- La primera fase, se basa principalmente en modularizar cada uno de los productos que se quieren integrar dentro de la familia de productos, la segunda fase, logra identificar los módulos comunes entre los productos modularizados para generar la plataforma, y por último, la fase tres genera una nueva distribución de planta para el ensamble de la familia de productos generada -- Esta investigación constata, entre otras cosas, como el rediseño modular de productos es una herramienta fundamental en el planteamiento de una familia de productos en una empresa -- Partiendo de productos que ya pasaron por un proceso de modularización previo, se propuso una métrica que permite definir la similitud entre módulos, considerando la mayor cantidad de sus propiedades, la forma física y la función de cada uno de ellos, complementando así la metodología propuesta por Katja Hölttä en su tesis doctoral -- Finalmente se propuso una distribución de planta que permite un ensamble más eficiente tanto en tiempo como en número de operarios necesarios para la producción, incrementando así la versatilidad y las tasas de producción de la empresa

Ontology-Based Workflow Design for the Coordination of Homecare Interventions

Part 20: Health and Care Networks

Negros misturados: um estudo de caso sobre identidades negras em Mossoró-RN

With more or less 213.000 habitants, Mossoró is the second more developed city from the Rio Grande do Norte. The town is proclamated like the land of freedom. To so far, exist four moments in your history related with the defence of freedom that is point like truthful from so proclamation. Suchlike happenings are the first female vote on Brazil, the resistance against the Lampião s band, the worman s mutiny and the slave release in 1883, five year before the Áurea law sanction. These happenings are commemorate yearly on setember with one big theatrical event called by the freedom high. Inside this contexto of exaltation to freedom, there is one black movement by name black and beautiful. Is the present dissertation, talked about the building of black identities between the black militants of Mossoró and the dwellers from the Santo Antônio district. With such approach, we intend to think about possibles differences or likeness, how the militants and dwellers from the refered district self-calleds like blacks or not. We are understanding black identity like one process to self-affirmation done by specificities of the social context and the individual particularity. This way, the identity change into one dynamic and contextual reality, gone always by one business process against the interaction of the social actors. So we search to discuss the specificities that involve the process to building of black identities in the city of freedom

Implementation and Operation of Collaborative Manufacturing Networks

Part 6: Engineering and Implementation of Collaborative Networks

Estudio sobre la aplicación de Lean Healthcare en el sector hospitalario en Medellín

A pesar de que parece a veces simple, no es fácil explicar la esencia del término Lean -- Lean ayuda a las organizaciones a optimizar sus costos a través de la eliminación de los desperdicios lo que conlleva a un aumento de productividad que se debe traducir en una mejora en la rentabilidad de la empresa -- Esta mejora en la productividad es un elemento clave al momento de elegir Lean como herramienta de trabajo, debido a que está demostrado que no es una moda pasajera y que verdaderamente su aplicación puede rendir frutos en la manufactura y los servicios -- El presente trabajo pretende partir del termino Lean desde sus generalidades, examinando once herramientas que apoyan su implementación tanto en ambientes de manufactura como de servicios, para llegar a lo que se conoce hoy como Lean Healthcare, examinando la aplicación de esas mismas herramientas en ambientes hospitalarios -- Se realizó una revisión de la literatura que abarca tanto Lean como Lean Healthcare, haciendo énfasis en once herramientas (Hoshin Kanry, fábrica visual, 5´s, VSM, Poka Yoke, Heijunka, Kanban, Andon, Jidoka, Kaizen, Smed) que permiten identificar la aplicación de estas tanto en ambientes industriales como hospitalarios -- El resultado describe que herramientas son las más usadas en el sector hospitalario, en qué áreas se han aplicado los conceptos de Lean Healthcare, que impactos ha tenido la aplicación de estas herramientas y que implicaciones ha tenido para las instituciones la aplicación Lean Healthcare -- Toda esta revisión se enfocó luego en las instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Medellín a las cuales se les aplicó una encuesta para medir el grado de familiaridad que tienen en relación con las técnicas lean mencionadas

Simulación de la capacidad de producción de las máquinas y áreas de trabajo que intervienen proceso productivo de fabricación de Guantes de Látex

42 p.

Propuesta al Proceso Comercial en Empresas BPO para el Servicio de Auditoría Médica en EPS Bajo la teoría de recursos y capacidades

51 p.

l'importanza della modellazione dei processi applicata ad un caso aziendale

La pianificazione e la gestione dei processi è diventata un elemento critico a causa della crescente complessità delle attività all’interno delle organizzazioni. Nell’era dell’impresa digitale, la gestione dei processi di businesss viene coadiuvata mediante l’utilizzo di sistemi software che sono in grado di gestire una grande quantità di informazioni ovvero i sistemi BPM. Il Business Performance Management è una disciplina gestionale che si occupa di descrivere e gestire i processi di business di una organizzazione. L’obiettivo della seguente tesi è verificare se il modello del processo realizzato precedentemente all’implementazione del sistema reale possa permettere una più dettagliata analisi del sistema e anticipare relative problematiche che talvolta si evincono solamente durante il mero sviluppo. Inoltre si vuole verificare se il modello realizzato in fase di discussione di un nuovo progetto cliente possa poi migliorare anche lo scambio di informazioni nel team di sviluppo. A supporto di questa tesi è stato sviluppato un caso di studio reale in una società di gestione del risparmio specializzata in fondi di investimento immobiliare. Inizialmente si è proceduto con una prima fase di raccolta dei requisiti dell’applicativo che si è conclusa con la realizzazione dei modelli creati utilizzando due linguaggi che sono il Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) e il Decision Model and Notation (DMN); il medesimo applicativo è stato successivamente implementato seguendo i modelli realizzati. I tempi globali di sviluppo del sistema e la migliore comprensione del modello da parte del team di sviluppo hanno fatto evincere l’utilità della modellazione a fronte di maggiori giornate uomo. Inoltre è stata riscontata maggiore manutenibilità complessiva del sistema.

Medición de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un hospital público de primer nivel en el municipio de Villeta

Esta investigación midió la percepción del personal asistencial sobre la cultura de seguridad de los pacientes en un hospital de primer nivel de complejidad por medio de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se utilizó como herramienta de medición la encuesta ‘Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Cultura’ (HSOPSC) de la Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) versión en español, la cual evalúa doce dimensiones. Los resultados mostraron fortalezas como el aprendizaje organizacional, las mejoras continuas y el apoyo de los administradores para la seguridad del paciente. Las dimensiones clasificadas como oportunidades de mejora fueron la cultura no punitiva, el personal, las transferencias y transiciones y el grado en que la comunicación es abierta. Se concluyó que aunque el personal percibía como positivo el proceso de mejoramiento y apoyo de la administración también sentía que era juzgado si reportaba algún evento adverso.

Applicability of Process Mining Techniques in Business Environments

This thesis analyses problems related to the applicability, in business environments, of Process Mining tools and techniques. The first contribution is a presentation of the state of the art of Process Mining and a characterization of companies, in terms of their "process awareness". The work continues identifying circumstance where problems can emerge: data preparation; actual mining; and results interpretation. Other problems are the configuration of parameters by not-expert users and computational complexity. We concentrate on two possible scenarios: "batch" and "on-line" Process Mining. Concerning the batch Process Mining, we first investigated the data preparation problem and we proposed a solution for the identification of the "case-ids" whenever this field is not explicitly indicated. After that, we concentrated on problems at mining time and we propose the generalization of a well-known control-flow discovery algorithm in order to exploit non instantaneous events. The usage of interval-based recording leads to an important improvement of performance. Later on, we report our work on the parameters configuration for not-expert users. We present two approaches to select the "best" parameters configuration: one is completely autonomous; the other requires human interaction to navigate a hierarchy of candidate models. Concerning the data interpretation and results evaluation, we propose two metrics: a model-to-model and a model-to-log. Finally, we present an automatic approach for the extension of a control-flow model with social information, in order to simplify the analysis of these perspectives. The second part of this thesis deals with control-flow discovery algorithms in on-line settings. We propose a formal definition of the problem, and two baseline approaches. The actual mining algorithms proposed are two: the first is the adaptation, to the control-flow discovery problem, of a frequency counting algorithm; the second constitutes a framework of models which can be used for different kinds of streams (stationary versus evolving).

Building business cases for maintenance improvement projects

Many maintenance managers find it difficult to justify investments in maintenance improvement initiatives. In part, this is due to a tendency by mine managers to regard maintenance purely as a cost centre, and not as a process able to influence productive capacity and profit. It is also hindered by a lack of alignment between commonly used maintenance performance measures and key business drivers, and the lack of formal business training amongst maintenance professionals. With this in mind, a model to assist maintenance managers in evaluating the benefits of maintenance improvement projects was recently formulated. The model considers four cost saving dimensions. These are: 1. reduction in the cost of unplanned repairs and maintenance, 2. increased or accelerated production and/or sales, 3. spares inventory reduction, and 4. reduction in over-investment in physical assets and operating costs. This paper discusses the application of this model and a number of numerical examples are given to justify investments in maintenance improvement projects having varying objectives.

Process integration and improvement using systemic diagrams and a human-centred approach

If product cycle time reduction is the mission, and the multifunctional team is the means of achieving the mission, what then is the modus operandi by which this means is to accomplish its mission? This paper asserts that a preferred modus operandi for the multifunctional team is to adopt a process-oriented view of the manufacturing enterprise, and for this it needs the medium of a process map [16] The substance of this paper is a methodology which enables the creation of such maps Specific examples of process models drawn from the product develop ment life cycle are presented and described in order to support the methodology's integrity and value The specific deliverables we have so far obtained are a methodology for process capture and analysis, a collection of process models spanning the product development cycle, and, an engineering handbook which hosts these models and presents a computer-based means of navigating through these processes in order to allow users a better understanding of the nature of the business, their role in it, and why the job that they do benefits the work of the company We assert that this kind of thinking is the essence of concurrent engineering implementation, and further that the systemigram process models uniquely stim ulate and organise such thinking.

An Approach to Representing the Process of Information Business Modeling

The compact and visualized documenting of information business modeling is a major prerequisite for comprehending its basic concepts, as well as for its effective application and improvement. The documenting of this process is related to its modeling. Thus, the process of information business modeling can be represented by its own tools. Being based on this thesis, the authors suggest an approach to representing the process of information business modeling. A profile for its documenting has been developed for the purpose.

Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control : increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety

Background: Exercise could contribute to weight loss by altering the sensitivity of the appetite regulatory system. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 12 wk of mandatory exercise on appetite control. Design: Fifty-eight overweight and obese men and women [mean (±SD) body mass index (in kg/m2) = 31.8 ± 4.5, age = 39.6 ± 9.8 y, and maximal oxygen intake = 29.1 ± 5.7 mL · kg–1 · min–1] completed 12 wk of supervised exercise in the laboratory. The exercise sessions were designed to expend 2500 kcal/wk. Subjective appetite sensations and the satiating efficiency of a fixed breakfast were compared at baseline (week 0) and at week 12. An Electronic Appetite Rating System was used to measure subjective appetite sensations immediately before and after the fixed breakfast in the immediate postprandial period and across the whole day. The satiety quotient of the breakfast was determined by calculating the change in appetite scores relative to the breakfast's energy content. Results: Despite large variability, there was a significant reduction in mean body weight (3.2 ± 3.6 kg), fat mass (3.2 ± 2.2 kg), and waist circumference (5.0 ± 3.2 cm) after 12 wk. The analysis showed that a reduction in body weight and body composition was accompanied by an increase in fasting hunger and in average hunger across the day (P < 0.0001). Paradoxically, the immediate and delayed satiety quotient of the breakfast also increased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These data show that the effect of exercise on appetite regulation involves at least 2 processes: an increase in the overall (orexigenic) drive to eat and a concomitant increase in the satiating efficiency of a fixed meal.