Demographic, Physical, and Behavioral Characteristics Associated with TV Parenting Practices Among Latino Parents of Preschool Children

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2015

Sexual dimorphism in relation to adipose tissue and intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in early infancy

Sexual dimorphism in adiposity is well described in adults, but the age at which differences first manifest is uncertain. Using a prospective cohort, we describe longitudinal changes in directly measured adiposity and intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) in relation to sex in healthy term infants. At median ages of 13 and 63 days, infants underwent quantification of adipose tissue depots by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging and measurement of IHCL by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Longitudinal data were obtained from 70 infants (40 boys and 30 girls). In the neonatal period girls are more adipose in relation to body size than boys. At follow-up (median age 63 days), girls remained significantly more adipose. The greater relative adiposity that characterises girls is explained by more subcutaneous adipose tissue and this becomes increasingly apparent by follow-up. No significant sex differences were seen in IHCL. Sex-specific differences in infant adipose tissue distribution are in keeping with those described in later life, and suggest that sexual dimorphism in adiposity is established in early infancy.

A repeated measures experiment of school playing environment to increase physical activity and enhance self esteem in UK school children

School playtime provides daily opportunities for children to be active outdoors, but only makes small contributions to physical activity (PA) requirements. Natural environments facilitate unstructured PA and children report a preference for play in nature. Thus, play on the school field might encourage children to be more active during playtime. The primary aim of this study was to examine the impact of the school playing environment on children's PA. Descriptive data and fitness were assessed in 25 children aged 8–9 years from a single primary school. Over two consecutive weeks participants were allocated to either play on the school field or playground during playtime. The order of play in the two areas was randomised and counterbalanced. Moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was assessed during playtime on the last two days of each week using accelerometers. There was a significant interaction of environment and sex on MVPA during morning play (F(1,22) = 6.27; P<0.05; np2 = 0.222), but not during lunch (P>0.05; np2 = 0.060) or all of playtime combined (P>0.05; np2 = 0.140). During morning play boys were significantly more active than girls on the playground (t(23) = 1.32; P<0.01; n2 = 0.291), but not on the field (P>0.05; n2 = 0.071). For lunch (F(1,22) = 24,11; P<0.001; np2 = 0.523) and all of playtime combined (F(1,22) = 33.67; P<0.001; np2 = 0.616) there was a significant effect of environment. There was also a significant main effect of sex during lunch (F(1,22) = 11.56; P<0.01; np2 = 0.344) and all of playtime combined (F(1,22) = 12.37; P<0.01; np2 = 0.371). MVPA was higher on the field and boys were more active than girls. Play on the field leads to increases in MVPA, particularly in girls. The promising trend for the effect of the natural environment on MVPA indicates that interventions aimed at increasing MVPA should use the natural environment and that schools should encourage greater use of their natural areas to increase PA.

O impacto do excesso de gordura corporal sobre a remodelação óssea de adolescentes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo exploratório dos comportamentos interativos mãe – filho(a) e pai – filho(a) aos 15 meses de vida.

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Intervenção Precoce

O que é ser menino ou menina do ponto de vista das crianças no jardim de infância

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

Brincadeiras entre as crianças no jardim de infância

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

A brincadeira e o género em jardim-de-infância

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

The effects of parental sensitivity and involvement in caregiving on mother–infant and father–infant attachment in a portuguese sample

In the present longitudinal study, we investigated attachment quality in Portuguese mother–infant and in father–infant dyads, and evaluated whether attachment quality was related to parental sensitivity during parent–infant social interaction or to the amount of time each parent spent with the infant during play and in routine caregiving activities (e.g., feeding, bathing, play). The sample consisted of 82 healthy full-term infants (30 girls, 53 boys, 48 first born), and their mothers and fathers from mostly middle-class households. To assess parental sensitivity, mothers and fathers were independently observed during free play interactions with their infants when infants were 9 and 15 months old. The videotaped interactions were scored by masked coders using the Crittenden’s CARE-Index. When infants were 12 and 18 months old, mother–infant and father–infant dyads were videotaped during an adaptation of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation. Parents also described their level of involvement in infant caregiving activities using a Portuguese version of the McBride and Mills Parent Responsibility Scale. Mothers were rated as being more sensitive than fathers during parent–infant free play at both 9 and 15 months. There also was a higher prevalence of secure attachment in mother–infant versus father–infant dyads at both 12 and 18 months. Attachment security was predicted by the amount of time mothers and fathers were involved in caregiving and play with the infant, and with parents’ behavior during parent–infant free play.

Será do género dos filhos ou dos pais? estudo sobre o efeito do género das crianças e dos pais na qualidade da interação, comunicação e atividade conjunta

Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação. Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

Estudo comparativo de linguagem e dos comportamentos interativos pais- filhos aos 15 meses de vida

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Intervenção Precoce

Estudo sobre a qualidade da autorregulação do bebé na situação face-to-face-still-face com o pai

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

As relações públicas de celebridades: o contributo das relações públicas para a gestão da reputação das celebridades em Portugal

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Gestão Estratégica das Relações Públicas.

Ansiedade pré-cirúrgica em crianças : avaliação da eficácia de um programa cognitivo-comportamental para a sua redução

Este estudo teve como objectivo avaliar a eficácia de uma sessão de informação a propósito de uma intervenção cirúrgica com anestesia geral na redução da ansiedade em jovens com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 12 anos. A amostra foi constituída por 125 jovens, 62 do sexo masculino e 63 do sexo feminino. Foram constituídos dois grupos, em que ao grupo experimental foi administrado um programa de informação sobre procedimentos cirúrgicos com anestesia geral, utilizando técnicas de modelagem, e em que ao grupo de controlo apenas foi aplicada a sessão avaliativa. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a eficácia da sessão informativa a propósito de uma intervenção cirúrgica com anestesia geral na redução da ansiedade, nas crianças, foi comprovada. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an information session about cirurgy, with general anesthesia induction, in reducing anxiety in children from 6 to 12 years undergoing cirurgy. Our sample was constituted by 125 children, 62 boys and 63 girls divided in two groups: the experimental group had an information session about chirurgical procedures with general anesthesia and had anxiety evaluated pre and post session, as the control group had only one anxiety evaluation. The results show that the session was effective on reducing pre-operatory anxiety in children.

“Culture Stops Development!”: Bijagó Youth and the Appropriation of Developmentalist Discourse in Guinea-B

African Studies Review, Volume 52, Number 2, pp. 69–