998 resultados para Animais - Adaptação


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Objetivo: revisar sistematicamente a eficácia da técnica denominada osteossíntese com placa minimamente invasiva (MIPO), recentemente utilizada em medicina veterinária, em pequenos animais, em relação ao tempo de união óssea, alinhamento do membro e complicações no trans e pós-operatório. Material e Métodos: análise e comparação de artigos científicos retrospectivos e prospectivos sobre a técnica MIPO, publicados nas bases de dados informatizadas PUBMED, LILACS, Scielo e ScienceDirect. Resultados: foram selecionados cinco artigos adequados aos critérios de inclusão proposto, dois prospectivos e três retrospectivos, todos publicados nos últimos seis anos e em língua inglesa. Com esses trabalhos realizou-se uma discussão e conclusão a respeito da aplicação da MIPO em pequenos animais. Conclusão: A hipótese de que a MIPO é eficaz é aceita. A MIPO é uma técnica segura e sua aplicação em pequenos animais tem demonstrado resultados satisfatórios. Porém, com os estudos realizados até o momento não é possível afirmar que a aplicação da MIPO é estatisticamente mais eficaz que as técnicas convencionais quando aplicada em cães e gatos

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Some esthetical particularities of Luiz Fernando Carvalho’s micro-series reveal, in the nineteenth century Brazil, the capacity of the literary and audiovisual discourse to represent some singularities of the Brazilian social life from the past, as well as pointing to existential problems of the class representative that leads the plot, instigating reflections in the present. The treatment offered to the class struggle by the Machadian narrative and by the Rede Globo’s adaptation, just as the way in which the existential drama is expounded, disclose a kind of reception among readers/viewers which is capable of reviewing the historical past in times that ask for such a revision, even though the television series bets on the non-conventional. Machado presented the tension between representation and truth (as well as between emotion production and reflection) with the transfiguration of the tragic pathos and the mobilization of the patriarchal figure to the melodramatic bias. Although increased by the irony orchestrated by the scenic elements, in the audiovisual version such Machadian solutions would be apt to lose their strength to unmask the social subjects; on the other side, the intensification of the melodrama can make evident what Machado disguised with less obvious narrative intentions.

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The aim of this study was to compare the following four genetic groups of hair sheep: Santa Inês (SI), Morada Nova (MN), Brazilian Somali (BS), and the F1 1/2Dorper x 1/2Morada Nova crossbreed on traits related to growth and parasitic infection. Thirty-three male lambs of the same age and of simple birth, under the same pre-weaning management conditions were used in the experiment. After weaning the animals were housed in a completely randomized design in paddocks made of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania. Along the course of the research, the performance of the four groups of sheep was observed to be negatively affected by gastrointestinal parasites, but there was a genotype effect to the average daily weight gain (ADWG), where the SI and F1 genotypes presented higher values. The effects of genotype, time and genotype x time interaction were significant in weight and corporal score (CS) measurements. The BS lambs had the highest CS values throughout the experiment despite not presenting greater weight gain when compared to the SI and F1 breeds. There were also significant effects of time and genotype x time interaction for packed cell volume (PCV) and FAMACHA© score (FAM) and only the time effect was significant in the total number of eggs per gram (EPG) and total plasma protein (TPP). The MN lambs showed higher PCV values and unlike the other groups, presented a FAMACHA© score below 3 and PCV above 23% even having a higher EPG tendency, especially in the initial phase, indicating a possible higher resilience to infection caused by gastrointestinal parasites.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

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Muscle atrophy is always associated with Dexamethasone (Dexa) treatment, however the mechanisms are not completely understood. This study investigated the effects of Dexa on myostatin and p70S6K protein expression and if previous exercise training (T) can attenuate these effects. Eighty rats were distributed into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary treated with Dexa (SD; 0,5 mg/kg per day, i.p., 10 days), trained control (TC) and trained treated with Dexa (TD) and underwent a training period where they were either submitted to a running protocol (60% of physical capacity, 5 days/week for 8 weeks) or kept sedentary. After T period, animals underwent Dexa treatment concomitant with training. Western Blot was performed to identify myostatin and p70S6k protein expression in the tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscle. Ten days of Dexa treatment increased fasting glucose (SD=+62%), however previous T attenuated this increase (TD=+20%, p<0.05). Dexa determined significant decrease in body weight in TD (-22%) and SD (-25%), followed by TA weight reduction in SD (-23%) and TD (-20%). Previous training could not avoid these decreases. Myostatin protein expression was not altered by dexa treatment or training in TA muscle but in SOL muscle it was significantly modified after T, regardless of treatment (TC=+%23 and TD=+25) compared with their respective controls. The protein p70S6K was not modified neither by dexa nor training in any of the analyzed muscle or condition. The results of this study allowed us to conclude that previous training attenuates the hyperglycemia induced by Dexa, however it did not prevent the body or muscle weight reductions. Even in the presence of muscle atrophy, the expression of myostatin and p70S6K do not justify the mechanisms of muscle loss induced by Dexa, which suggests that other catabolic or anabolic proteins could be involved in the process of muscle atrophy after 10 days of treatment with Dexa

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The Literary adaptation for television miniseries are present in the schedule grids of Brazilian television channels. We can afford that it is about a line of production of the most relevant in the two main television networks that maintain a project of teledramaturgy. The Strong presence of miniseries imposes the need to investigate the process of intersemiotic translation from the literary text to the audiovisual text on the way to reflect the esthetics of these productions in front of the constants process of tecnology mutation. In this sense the goal of this research is to analize the book adaptation O canto da sereia for television, where we identify the discursivas strategies that structure the narrativity, the themes and the figures that enable the identification with the original literary text

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Introduction: skeletal muscles are dynamic tissue that can change their phenotypic characteristics providing a better functional adaptation to different stimuli. L-thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and has been used as an experimental model for stimulation of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble provitamin endogenously synthesized and found naturally in foods such red meat, fish, cereals, broccoli and spinach. It has antioxidant properties and potential in the treatment of degenerative and neuromuscular diseases. Objective: to evaluate the protective effect of CoQ10 in the soleus muscle of rats against the oxidative damage caused by L-thyroxine. Methods: the rats were divided in four groups of six animals each: Group 1 (control); Group 2 (coenzyme Q10); Group 3 (L-thyroxine), and Group 4 coenzyme Q10 and L-thyroxine). After euthanasia, blood was collected and serum activity of the enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was analyzed. In the soleus muscle homogenates the factors related to oxidative stress were assessed. Results: CoQ10 protected the soleus muscle against the damage caused by L-thyroxine and favored the maintenance of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase, the concentration of decreased and oxidized glutathione, and prevented lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: the results indicate that CoQ10 protects rat soleus muscle from oxidative damage caused by L-thyroxine.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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A partir do final da década de 1960 diversos grupos em várias partes do mundo passaram a reconhecer o que chamamos de crise ambiental. Desde então diversos setores sociais vêm buscando maneiras de minimizar ou mesmo reverter o processo de degradação ambiental. Diante dessa problemática, o processo educativo é constantemente apontado como uma das formas de enfrentamento de tal crise. Entretanto, para que a educação ambiental (EA) atinja seus objetivos consideramos que esta deve ser trabalhada sob uma perspectiva crítica, contemplando três dimensões: a dimensão dos conhecimentos, a dimensão dos valores éticos e estéticos e a dimensão da participação política. Dessa forma, a EA aparece como uma proposta de educação da sociedade que pode contribuir para a revisão dos atuais valores e ações praticados por esta. Contudo, muitas vezes o que se observa nas práticas educativas é a apresentação de uma natureza destituída de valores, exceto pelo valor instrumental, ou seja, pela sua adequação às necessidades humanas, um modelo fragmentador e antropocêntrico. Dentro desse contexto, os animais venenosos e peçonhentos são geralmente vistos como maléficos ao homem, sendo seus aspectos ecológicos subestimados ou ignorados. A partir dessas reflexões, percebe-se a importância da criação e manutenção de programas de EA com enfoque mais adequado dos animais venenosos e peçonhentos para que a relação da sociedade com tais animais, bem como com o meio ambiente como um todo possam se transformar. Nesse sentido, a presente proposta de pesquisa objetivou identificar a existência de programas educativos com enfoque em animais venenosos e peçonhentos, analisando-os e verificando se trabalhariam com as três dimensões da educação ambiental. A pesquisa realizada é de natureza qualitativa, procedendo-se ao levantamento de programas que lidam com o tema em questão. Realizamos a análise do conteúdo dos documentos...