Recanalização da artéria tibial anterior via artéria pediosa: relato de caso

Os autores relatam um caso de abordagem mista para o tratamento endovascular de doença oclusiva da artéria tibial anterior por acesso pedioso retrógrado, no qual a abordagem tradicional anterógrada foi inadequada em vencer uma oclusão. A técnica parece oferecer uma opção para procedimentos endovasculares, que objetivam o tratamento de lesões da artéria tibial anterior em que a via anterógrada convencional mostre-se inadequada.

Jos minä tietäisin kultani mielen

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

Avaliação da capacidade tamponante - um experimento participativo

The aim of this work is to show an experiment from which students can learn some of the main characteristics of buffer solutions. A mixture of some acid-base indicators, named as Yamada's indicator, can be used to estimate pH values in an acid-base titration of a buffer, with good approximation. In the experiment it is also possible to verify the relationship between the buffer capacity and the concentrations and the molar ratio of the components of a NH3 / NH4+ buffer solution. The shortage of experiments associated with the relative small importance given to many aspects of buffer solutions, is now explored with simplicity. In the proposed experiments, students prepare buffer solutions by themselves, calculate the pH, understand how acid-base indicators act and learn how buffer solutions work through graph constructed by sharing experimental data.

Seguidilles, fandangos i boleros a les sonates ibèriques per tecla dels compositors Domenico Scarlatti, José de Nebra i Antoni Soler

Aquest projecte neix amb la finalitat d’oferir una perspectiva sobre les sonates ibèriques de les dècades centrals del segle XVIII, i en concret dels cèlebres compositors Domenico Scarlatti, José de Nebra i Antoni Soler, centrada en alguns dels balls de major popularitat a l’època com són les seguidilles, els fandangos i els boleros. Algunes de les sonates ibèriques d’aquests compositors es corresponen amb molts dels paràmetres que condicionen aquests balls i com a conseqüència són sonates que poden ser ballades, tot i que desconeixem si a l’època s’interpretaven amb ballarins. Al voltant d’aquest tema se’ns formulen algunes preguntes referents al gènere i l’estil de les sonates o a la relació dels seus compositors amb els moviments culturals de la ciutat de Madrid que podien haver propiciat aquesta connexió.

Estudo termogravimétrico e calorimétrico da algaroba

Humidity and ash content of powder and bran of algaroba pods are important quality parameters for biological control during storage. The studies of humidity and ash content were carried out conventional and thermogravimetric methods. Different values were obtained by the various methods. The thermogravimetric method was faster and required less sample for the humidity and ash analyses of the powder and bran of algaroba pods. The differential scanning calorimetry curves of the powder and bran of algaroba pods, dryed at 55 ºC, showed two peaks, one corresponding to the gelatinization of starch and the other to the vaporization of water. The samples dryed at 65, 75, 85, 95 and 105 ºC showed one peak, corresponding to the vaporization of water.

Um experimento com propostas múltiplas para um laboratório de química geral

This article suggests a sequence of experiments on the preparation, analysis and some photochemical aspects of potassium tris (oxalato) ferrate(III) trihydrate. The sequence of experiments could be carried out in four or five 4-hour laboratory periods. The new part of this article is related to the kinetics studies involving the ambient illumination as well as the use of the cellophane paper of different colors as light filters. The aspects such as quantum yield, light absorption and photochemical reactions are explored in order to illustrate the relationships between the exposure time, light intensity and wavelength range on the photochemical reactions.

El proceso de composición de la obra ciceroniana según las Cartas a Ático

En este artículo se analiza la actividad literaria de Cicerón a partir de la información contenida en sus Cartas a Ático. Concretamente, se describen las primeras etapas del proceso creativo: génesis, fuentes y composición de las obras. Se detalla, en primer lugar, la etapa en que el autor concibe la idea de escribir una obra literaria, que puede responder a razones de índole diversa; en segundo lugar, se estudian las fuentes utilizadas por Cicerón según son reveladas por las cartas que escribe a Ático; finalmente, se expone el proceso de composición del texto, ilustrado con el caso particular de redacción de los Academica.

Análise química de sais de cobre fabricados entre 1877 e 1995

Samples of copper compounds covering all of the XXth century and the end of the XIXth century were submitted to classical and instrumental quantitative analysis. The amount of impurities greatly decreased with time, reaching a constant level since the 1960's. The gravimetric method was suitable for the determination of copper although other procedures also gave good or reasonable results. However, for metal contaminants, atomic absorption spectrometry was the best choice because of its lower detection limits, being able to determine several elements in the oldest samples. Ion chromatography detected several anions in copper salts manufactured before the 1950's. An increasing quality of raw materials and a better sensitivity of analytical methods led to quality improvement of copper compounds with time.

Diagramas de Ellingham e de Van't Hoff: algumas considerações

The main subject of this article is to show the parallelism betwen the Ellingham and Van't Hoff diagrams. The first one is a graphic representation of the changes in the standard Gibbs free energy (deltarGtheta) as a function of T and was introduced by Ellingham in 1944, in order to study metallurgic processes involving oxides and sulphides. On the other hand, the Van't Hoff diagram is a representation of the function ln K versus (1/T). The equivalence between both diagrams is easily demonstrated, making simple mathematical manipulations. In order to show the parallelism between both diagrams, they are presented briefly and two examples are discussed. The comparison of the both diagrams surely will be helpful to students and teachers in their learning and teaching activities, and will certainly enrich important aspects of chemical thermodynamics.

Refletindo sobre o caso celobar®

By mid 2003, the Brazilian people accompanied astonished, in the press, the news about the death of more than 20 persons due to ingestion of a pharmaceutical product containing a suspension of barium sulfate (Celobar®) commonly used as a radiological contrast. Analysis of the product indicated the presence of barium carbonate (about 13% weight/weight) which reacts easily with the hydrochloric acid in the stomach liberating barium ions, a severe poison. In this article, we briefly discuss the possible economic, personal and technical causes that led to this disaster.

”Se olin näin, se ei ollut näin, kaikki on niin kuin sanomme sen olleen” – Postmoderni uudelleenkirjoitus historian ja fiktion suhteiden problematisoijana José Saramagon romaanissa Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi

Portugalilaisen Nobel-kirjailija José Saramagon romaani Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi (O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo, 1991) herätti ilmestyessään niin suuren kohun, että Saramago muutti pois synnyinmaastaan Portugalista. Teoksen saama kiihkeä vastustus johtui lähinnä sen aiheesta ja kriittisestä sisällöstä; Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi on postmoderni, kriittinen Raamatun evankeliumien uudelleenkirjoitus. Romaani kertoo kokonaisuudessaan uudestaan kanonisista evankeliumeista tutun Jeesuksen tarinan, mutta antaa useille Jeesuksen elämän vaiheille, sanoille ja teoille täysin päinvastaisen tulkinnan kuin kristinuskon perinteisessä tulkintatraditiossa. Pro gradu -työssäni tutkin paitsi sitä, miten Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi eroaa Raamatun evankeliumeista, ennen kaikkea sitä, miksi Saramagon romaani kertoo evankeliumeista tutun tarinan uudestaan. Tutkimukseni pääasiallisena teoreettisena viitekehyksenä käytän Linda Hutcheonin teoriaa historiografisesta metafiktiosta ja postmodernista taiteesta. Hutcheon kutsuu postmoderneja historiallisia aiheita käsitteleviä kaunokirjallisia teoksia historiografisiksi metafiktioiksi. Historiografinen metafiktio on kriittistä, poliittista, ironista, parodista, paradoksaalista ja intertekstuaalista. Historiografisessa metafiktiossa pääpaino ei ole menneisyyden kuvaamisessa, vaan menneisyyden kuvaamiseen liittyvissä kysymyksissä ja ongelmissa. Historiografinen metafiktio osoittaa, että menneisyyteen ei ole suoraa pääsyä eikä sitä voi kuvata ”sellaisenaan”. Menneisyyden voi tavoittaa ainoastaan aiempien representaatioiden kautta. Hutcheonin mukaan kaikki representaatiot ovat subjektiivisia, ja sen vuoksi ne pitävät aina sisällään myös tietyn ideologian. Tutkimuksessani päädyn siihen, että Saramagon kanonisten evankeliumien postmodernin uudelleentulkinnan tarkoitus on historiografisen metafiktion tapaan problematisoida historian(kirjoituksen) ja fiktion suhteet. Historian ja fiktion suhteet problematisoidessaan Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi kommentoi kanonisia evankeliumeja, moderneja Jeesus-romaaneja ja näiden perinteisiä tulkintatraditioita, sekä ilmentää postmodernille filosofialle ominaisia ajattelunvirtauksia. Saramagon kanonisten evankeliumien uudelleenkirjoitus kyseenalaistaa niin kanonisten evankeliumien kuin Jeesus-romaanien tulkintaperinteessä tyypillisen ajatuksen historiallisen totuuden olemassaolosta ja kiistää menneisyyden objektiivisen kuvauksen mahdollisuuden. Jeesuksen Kristuksen evankeliumi osoittaa historiankirjoituksen fiktiivisyyden, mutta nostaa toisaalta esiin ajatuksen fiktion mahdollisuuksista kuvata tekstin ulkopuolista todellisuutta.

Determinação experimental dos raios cristalográficos dos íons sódio e cloreto

This experiment, where very common materials and equipments are used, conducts to good and interesting results related to the ionic radii of sodium and chloride ions. It also offers an excellent opportunity to discuss the crystalline arrangement of solids and to apply simple mathematical tools for calculations. Other important concepts such as density, solubility and saturated solution are also used. The simplicity of the experiment creates an excellent opportunity for reasoning with the students about the technique.

Perfil espacial e temporal de poluentes nas águas da represa municipal de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

In this manuscript, seasonal and spatial trends of water collected from two sampling places in the Preto River in the Turvo-Grande watershed were evaluated. Water samples were collected during June/07 to July/08 and parameters sulphate, total organic carbon, ammonia, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, dissolved total solids and nitrate were quantified. Seasonal trend indicated sanitary effluents as a point source of contamination in both sampling points. Vertical trends demonstrated that the Municipal Dam was not stratified and received a diffuse source of pollutants from flooding and agriculture runoffs. It was also verified that there is relatively fast ammonia consumption kinetics having a half-life time of 1.43 h which can explain the low ammonia concentrations found in these aquatic bodies.

Le Cultivateur (Paris. 1829)

Variante(s) de titre : Le Cultivateur, journal des progrès agricoles