A mass transfer model applied to the supercritical extraction with CO2 of curcumins from turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa L)

ABSTRACT: Increasing restrictions on the use of artificial pigments in the food industry, imposed by the international market, have increased the importance of raw materials containing natural pigments. Of those natural substances with potential applications turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa L), are one of the most important natural sources of yellow coloring. Three different pigments (curcumin, desmetoxycurcumin, and bis-desmetoxycurcumin) constitute the curcuminoids. These pigments are largely used in the food industry as substitutes for synthetic dyes like tartrazin. Extraction of curcuminoids from tumeric rhizomes with supercritical CO2 can be applied as an alternative method to obtain curcuminoids, as natural pigments are in general unstable, and hence degrade when submitted to extraction with organic solvents at high temperatures. Extraction experiments were carried out in a supercritical extraction pilot plant at pressures between 25 and 30 MPa and a temperature of 318 K. The influence of drying pretreatment on extraction yield was evaluated by analyzing the mass transfer kinetics and the content of curcuminoids in the extracts during the course of extraction. The chemical identification of curcuminoids in both the extract and the residual solid was performed by spectrophotometry. Mass transfer within the solid matrix was described by a linear first-order desorption model, while that in the gas phase was described by a convective mass transfer model. Experimental results showed that the concentration profile for curcuminoids during the supercritical extraction process was higher when the turmeric rhizomes were submitted to a drying pretreatment at 343 K.

Quebra dinâmica da simetria quiral na pseudo eletrodinâmica quântica em (2 + 1) dimensões

No presente trabalho, estudamos a quebra da simetria quiral na pseudo eletrodinâmica quântica em (2+1) dimensões usando o formalismo das equações de Schwinger-Dyson e investigamos as semelhanças deste modelo com a criticalidade encontrada na EDQ₃ e EDQ₄. Usando a aproximação “quenched-rainbow”, mostramos que existe um acoplamento crítico α_cc = π/16, acima do qual existe a geração de massa para os férmions e portanto, ocorrendo a quebra da simetria quiral. Também estudamos o caso com N campos fermiônicos usando a expansão 1/N na aproximação “unquenched-rainbow”, onde obtemos um número crítico N_c abaixo do qual a simetria quiral é quebrada e, para valores acima, a simetria é restaurada. No limite de acoplamento forte (g -- ∞), mostramos que este número crítico é o mesmo encontrado na EDQ₃ na expansão 1/N.

Síntese, caracterização, estudo termoanalítico e cinético do 2-metoxibenzalpiruvato de 'MN', 'FE', 'CO', 'NI', 'CU', e 'ZN', no estado sólido

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Search for narrow resonances and quantum black holes in inclusive and b-tagged dijet mass spectra from pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a W or a Z boson and decaying to bottom quarks

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Inclusive search for a vector-like T quark with charge 2/3 in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A statistical model of aggregate fragmentation

Processo FAPESP: 11/08171-3

3D stability orbits close to 433 Eros using an effective polyhedral model method

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Search for a non-standard-model Higgs boson decaying to a pair of new light bosons in four-muon final states

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Flavor-changing neutral currents in the minimal 3-3-1 model revisited

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for the Higgs boson H-2(0) at LHC in 3-3-1 model

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Body mass index, dental caries and sugar intake in 2-5 year-old preschoolers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Complex scalar dark matter in a B-L model

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A study of a relativistic quark-diquark model for the nucleon

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)