Model, Metamodel and Topology

This reply to Gash’s (Found Sci 2013) commentary on Nescolarde-Selva and Usó-Doménech (Found Sci 2013) answers the three questions raised and at the same time opens up new questions.

Semiotic Vision of Ideologies

A semiotic theory of systems derived from language would have the purpose of classifying all the systems of linguistic expression: philosophy, ideology, myth, poetry, art, as much as the dream, lapsus, and free association in a pluridimensional matrix that will interact with many diversified fields. In each one of these discourses it is necessary to consider a plurality of questions, the essence of which will only be comprehensible by the totality; it will be necessary to ask, in the first place, what will be the purpose of this language, what function does it fulfill and for which reason has it been constructed. The concept of World vision (WV) is introduced and its relation with Generalized Collective Conscience (GCC) and Particularized Collective Conscience. Culture implies a particular WV. Culture creates GCC. The semantic field is a structure that formalizes the units of a certain culture constituting a portion of the vision of the Reality that owns this culture. An ecological case is explained.

A Computational Model of the Belief System Under the Scope of Social Communication

This paper presents an approach to the belief system based on a computational framework in three levels: first, the logic level with the definition of binary local rules, second, the arithmetic level with the definition of recursive functions and finally the behavioural level with the definition of a recursive construction pattern. Social communication is achieved when different beliefs are expressed, modified, propagated and shared through social nets. This approach is useful to mimic the belief system because the defined functions provide different ways to process the same incoming information as well as a means to propagate it. Our model also provides a means to cross different beliefs so, any incoming information can be processed many times by the same or different functions as it occurs is social nets.

Letter from Lemuel Shaw to Susanna Shaw, January 3, 1797

This single page handwritten letter was sent from Lemuel Shaw to his mother, Susanna, during his freshman year at Harvard. In the letter, he requested that his mother wash and return his dirty laundry and send him clothes, including a pair of overalls, some neck-handkerchiefs, and a new hat. Shaw also asked for money to be sent to pay off his debt of $21.25 to Mr. Richard Hunnewell for board and rent, $18.93 for the previous quarter’s bill, and $1.15 for Mr. Timothy Alden, the College Butler.

Ḥāshīyat al-Kalanbawī ʻalá Jalāl al-Dīn al-Dawwānī fī Sharḥ al-ʻAqāʼid al-ʻAḍudīyah

[Ismāʻīl ibn Muṣṭafá al-Kalanbawī].

Sharḥ Arbaʻīn ḥadīth Imām Nawawī : manuscript, undated

Written in one column framed within double red lines, from 15 (ff. 1r-16v) to 19 (ff. 17r-63v) lines per page, in black and red.

Kitāb Alfāẓ al-kufr ʻalá madhhab al-Imām al-Shāfīʻī / lil-Imām ... al-Shaykh Qāsim al-shahīr bi-Ibn al-Khānī : manuscript, 1680

Unbound.

Tārīkh al-kāmil

lil-ʻalāmah Abī al-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn Abī al-Karam Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Karīm ibn ʻAbd al-Wāḥid al-Shaybānī al-maʻrūf bi-Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī al-mulaqqab bi-ʻIzz al-Dīn. Wa-bi-hāmishihi Tārīkh murūj al-dhahab wa-maʻādin al-jawhar / lil-Imām Abī al-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Masʻūdī.

Risālah fī masʼalat al-awānī al-khamsah al-mushtabihah fī al-Minhāj / lil-Fāḍil al-ʻAllāmah al-Sayyid al-Badr al-Akmal al-Sayyid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan al-Ahdal : manuscript, [ca. 1918]

Bound with: Risālah / ʻĪsá ibn Muḥammad ibn Nūr.

Risālah fī qāʻidat mudaʻjawah wa-dirham : manuscript

[ca. 1918].

Risālah fī al-wikālah al-mashhūrah bi-masʼalat al-jārīyah : manuscript, [ca. 1918]

Bound with: Risālah / ʻĪsá ibn Muḥammad ibn Nūr.

Risālah fī al-muʻallaqāt al-madhkūrāt : manuscript, [ca. 1918]

Bound with: Risālah / ʻĪsá ibn Muḥammad ibn Nūr.