Ferroviarios y Zapleros en Jujuy : De la seguridad social a la inestabilidad laboral

El presente trabajo propone un recorrido anal��tico y comparativo conducente a identificar e interpretar c��mo las transformaciones de Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA) y Altos Hornos Zapla (AHZ) a principios de la d��cada de 1990 afectaron las condiciones de trabajo de sus hasta entonces empleados, tanto en el aspecto material como en el simb��lico-identitario. Para ello, en un primer momento, se reconstruye, brevemente, la historia de ambas empresas haciendo foco en el empleo y las condiciones laborales antes y durante los procesos de privatizaci��n o desmantelamiento, seg��n el caso. Luego se analizan las condiciones laborales de los ahora ex empleados y se intenta identificar sus nuevas inserciones ocupacionales y las caracter��sticas de las mismas. En las conclusiones se recuperan las similitudes y divergencias entre ambos casos. Se observa que en su situaci��n actual parece jugar de manera diferenciada el rol del sindicato (en el caso de FA) y el de la empresa (en AHZ), dando lugar a distinta capacidad de respuestaante la desaparici��n de la fuente de trabajo. Entre las conclusiones tambi��n se destaca el hecho de que, en su mayor��a, los ex empleados de fa y de ahz en Jujuy no han logrado reinsertarse laboralmente en una situaci��n similar a la que ten��an en dichas empresas, generando no solo consecuencias en el plano material (para la subsistencia de ellos y sus familias) sino tambi��n en la construcci��n y valorizaci��n de sus identidades sociolaborales

Survey of living conditions of Arctic indigenous peoples

Major findings of the Survey of Living Conditions in the Arctic (SLiCA) are: (1) A combination of traditional activities and cash employment is the prevailing lifestyle of Arctic indigenous peoples; (2) family ties, social support of each other, and traditional activities have a lot to do with why indigenous people choose to remain in Arctic communities; (3) well-being is closely related to job opportunities, locally available fish and game, and a sense of local control. Well-being and depression (and related problems like suicide) are flip sides of the same coin. Improving well-being may reduce social problems; and, (4) health conditions vary widely in the Arctic: three-in-four Greenlandic Inuit self-rate their health as at least very good compared with one-in-two Canadian and Alaska Inuit and one-in-five Chukotka indigenous people. Findings are based on 7,200 interviews in a probability sample of Inupiat settlement regions of Alaska, the four Inuit settlement regions of Canada, all of Greenland, and the Anadyrskij, Anadyr, Shmidtovs, Beringovskij, Chukotskij, Iujl'tinskij, Bilibinskij, Chaunskij, Providenskij, Uel'Kal' districts of Chukotka. Indigenous people and researchers from Greenland, Russia, Canada, the United States, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland collaborated on all phases of the study.

La telefon��a m��vil : el impacto social

El objetivo de este proyecto ha sido el de realizar un an��lisis del importante desarrollo que han sufrido las telecomunicaciones, haciendo un especial hincapi�� en la telefon��a m��vil y el impacto y repercusi��n que ha causado actualmente en nuestra sociedad. Para ello se har�� un repaso evolutivo de las tecnolog��as de la informaci��n y las telecomunicaciones, y se establecer�� una relaci��n entre la gran difusi��n de ��stas y su efecto sobre los usos, y cambios percibidos por los consumidores del nuevo siglo. Ciertamente la historia de la tecnolog��a, nos ense��a que la gente y las organizaciones acaban utiliz��ndola para unos prop��sitos muy diferentes de aquellos que inicialmente fueron concebidas. Adem��s cuanto m��s interactiva sea una tecnolog��a, tanto m��s probable ser�� que los usuarios se conviertan en productores o modificadores de la misma. Por tanto, la sociedad necesita resolver las inc��gnitas que pueda suscitar el r��pido y contin��o cambio de las comunicaciones. Este proyecto trata de ayudar a responder alguna de las cuestiones que actualmente se est��n planteando. ��Son los tel��fonos m��viles una expresi��n de identidad, artilugios de moda, herramientas de la vida cotidiana, o todo lo anterior? ��Existen nuevos modelos de comportamiento y conducta social? ��La comunicaci��n m��vil est�� favoreciendo la aparici��n de una nueva cultura joven con un lenguaje propio basado en la comunicaci��n textual y multimodal? ��Tienen los tel��fonos m��viles efectos nocivos en la salud? La respuesta a estas preguntas afecta a nuestras vidas y tambi��n condiciona las pol��ticas p��blicas y las estrategias de negocio, por eso requiere adquirir un conocimiento cimentado en la informaci��n, y la recopilaci��n de datos de diversas fuentes, tanto de estad��sticas provenientes de diferentes estudios e investigaciones, como de empresas consultoras, siempre basada en una perspectiva global. En conjunto, se espera dentro de los l��mites del conocimiento actual, contribuir a establecer las bases para el an��lisis y valoraci��n de la relaci��n existente entre comunicaci��n, tecnolog��a y sociedad en todo el mundo. Abstract The purpose of this project has been to analyse the significant development undergone by telecommunications, putting a special emphasis on mobile phones and the impact it has caused in society. We will go over the evolution of IT technologies and telecommunications as well as establish a relationship between its spread and effect of its uses and changes understood by the new century consumers. Technology history shows us that people and organizations use it for very different purposes from those originally thought. Furthermore, the more interactive technologies are, the more users will modify or produce it. Therefore, society needs to solve the mysteries of the quick and continuous change of communications. This project tries to help and answer some of the questions considered these days. Are mobile phones an expression of identity, fashionable devices, tools for everyday life or all at once? Are there any new models of performance and social behaviour? Is mobile communication favouring the existence of a new young culture with a typical language based on textual and multimodal communication? Are mobile phones bad for our health? The answer to these questions affects us all and conditions public politics and business strategies so it is required to get firm knowledge based on information. It is also important to compile data from various sources, from statistics of research and studies, based on a global perspective. As a whole, we hope to contribute to establish the bases for the future analysis and assessment of a fundamental trend that is redefining the relationship between communication, technology and society worldwide by transforming the wireless networks that make our lives.

Sewage sludge gasification. Dolomite performance under different operating conditions

Gasification is a technology that can replace traditional management alternatives used up to date to deal with this waste (landfilling, composting and incineration) and which fulfils the social, environmental and legislative requirements. The main products of sewage sludge gasification are permanent gases (useful to generate energy or to be used as raw material in chemical synthesis processes), liquids (tars) and char. One of the main problems to be solved in gasification is tar production. Tars are organic impurities which can condense at relatively high temperatures making impossible to use the produced gases for most applications. This work deals with the effect of some primary tar removal processes (performed inside the gasifier) on sewage sludge gasification products. For this purpose, analysis of the gas composition, tar production, cold gas efficiency and carbon conversion were carried out. The tests were performed with air in a laboratory scale plant consisting mainly of a bubbling bed gasifier. No catalyzed and catalyzed (10% wt of dolomite in the bed and in the feeding) tests were carried out at different temperatures (750��C, 800��C and 850��C) in order to know the effect of these parameters in the gasification products. As far as tars were concerned, qualitative and quantitative tar composition was determined. In all tests the Equivalence Ratio (ER) was kept at 0.3. Temperature is one of the most influential variables in sewage sludge gasification. Higher temperatures favoured hydrogen and CO production while CO2 content decreased, which might be partially explained by the effect of the cracking, Boudouard and CO2 reforming reactions. At 850��C, cold gas efficiency and carbon conversion reached 49% and 76%, respectively. The presence of dolomite as catalyst increased the production of H2 reaching contents of 15.5% by volume at 850 ��C. Similar behaviour was found for CO whereas CO2 and CnHm (light hydrocarbons) production decreased. In the presence of dolomite, a tar reduction of up to 51% was reached in comparison with no catalyzed tests, as well as improvements on cold gas efficiency and carbon conversion. Several assays were developed in order to test catalyst performance under more rough gasification conditions. For this purpose, the throughput value (TR), defined as kg sludge ���as received��� fed to the gasifier per hour and per m2 of cross sectional area of the gasifier, was modified. Specifically, the TR values used were 110 (reference value), 215 and 322 kg/h��m2. When TR increased, the H2, CO and CH4 production decreased while the CO2 and the CnHm production increased. Tar production increased drastically with TR during no catalysed tests what is related to the lower residence time of the gas inside the reactor. Nevertheless, even at TR=322 kg/h��m2, tar production decreased by nearly 50% with in-bed use of dolomite in comparison with no catalyzed assays under the same operating conditions. Regarding relative tar composition, there was an increase in benzene and naphthalene content when temperature increased while the content of the rest of compounds decreased. The dolomite seemed to be effective all over the range of molecular weight studied showing tar removal efficiencies between 35-55% in most cases. High values of the TR caused a significant increase in tar production but a slight effect on tar composition.

Flexibilidad Polivalencia: modelos de libertad para la vivienda social en Espa��a

Este trabajo estudia la validez de la flexibilidad y la polivalencia, en tanto que estrategias de dise��o dom��stico, para superar los problemas derivados de la coincidencia de dos circunstancias opuestas en el campo de la vivienda social. Por un lado, la existencia en Espa��a de un r��gido conjunto de normativas de dise��o, originado a mediados del siglo pasado bajo unos supuestos culturales e ideol��gicos distintos a los actuales, que fija una idea muy precisa de hogar. Por otro lado, la creciente variedad de modos de habitar derivada del progreso social, econ��mico y tecnol��gico de las ��ltimas d��cadas. La tesis presenta dos partes ligadas entre s��. La primera es una investigaci��n bibliogr��fica en la que se analizan los diferentes conceptos asociados a la flexibilidad y la polivalencia manejados hasta hoy, se estudian las formas en las que estas estrategias se presentan a trav��s de ejemplos, algunos de ellos muy poco conocidos, y se exponen las oportunidades y los obst��culos para su desarrollo en nuestro pa��s. La segunda parte es una investigaci��n experimental que incluye los estudios de evaluaci��n de dos edificios madrile��os de referencia, las viviendas flexibles de Aranguren y Gallegos en Carabanchel y las viviendas polivalentes de la Casa de las Flores, de Secundino Zuazo. En ellos se analizan las ventajas y desventajas de los distintos dispositivos flexibles y polivalentes existentes en dichas viviendas; c��mo influyen en la organizaci��n de la vida dom��stica; cu��les de sus caracter��sticas merecen ser implementadas en nuevos proyectos y bajo qu�� condiciones. La investigaci��n revela que la flexibilidad ofrece ventajas funcionales objetivas, pero que su generalizaci��n en nuevas promociones de vivienda ocasionar��a problemas de ��ndole cultural. Por otro lado, la polivalencia es eficaz para dar cabida a nuevos modelos de convivencia, pero choca con las preferencias de los grupos familiares tradicionales. En ambos casos, se proponen soluciones para mejorar su eficacia. ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to assess the validity of flexibility and polyvalence as architectural responses to address some of the issues derived from two concurrent ���yet opposing��� circumstances in the field of Spanish social housing. On the one hand, the existence of a thick set of rules that strictly defines the form and use of the domestic space. These design norms were originated in the mid-20th century, according to an institutionalised idea of nuclear family and family home that does not match the current social trends in the country. On the other hand, the growing variety of lifestyles and family groups derived from the social, economic and technological progress of the last decades. The thesis is divided into two interrelated parts: The first one is a bibliographic research and an analysis of the diverse concepts attached to flexibility and polyvalence existing in the literature, a study of the ways in which these strategies are practiced in relevant housing buildings, and an explanation of the benefits and difficulties they pose with respect to their development in Spain. The second part is an experimental research including two post-occupancy evaluations in two housing buildings in Madrid: the flexible apartments in Carabanchel by Aranguren & Gallegos, and the polyvalent apartments in la Casa de las Flores by Secundino Zuazo. These studies are aimed at determining the extent to which the flexible and polyvalent elements in these projects are successful, which users take advantage of them and, over all, which of these features deserve to be applied to future developments, and under which conditions. The research indicates that, despite offering objective functional advantages, flexibility cannot be proposed as a general strategy in future subsidised housing developments due to the cultural problems it provokes. Besides, polyvalence is useful to host new cohabitations models, but it clashes with the preferences of traditional family groups. In both cases, several solutions to improve their efficiency are presented.

O PODER DE ZEFERINA NO QUILOMBO DO URUBU UMA RECONSTRU����O HIST��RICA POL��TICO-SOCIAL

Os ideais de liberdade exigiram do povo negro diferenciadas pr��ticas para romper com o sistema escravista. Eram as rebeli��es em navios, os atos de infantic��dio, os justi��amentos dos feitores, as revoltas, al��m de participa����es em movimentos libert��rios e forma����es de quilombos. Dentre estas formas de organiza����o, o quilombo foi fen��meno essencial nos mais de 300 anos de escravismo no Brasil. Em cada regi��o existiam quilombos, pois para a popula����o negra, cativa ou n��o, esse era o melhor meio de alcan��ar a liberdade, um meio coletivo para enfrentar o sistema. O Quilombo do Urubu representou a insist��ncia em garantir a condi����o humana que o regime escravista negava, sobretudo ��s mulheres, aos homens e ��s crian��as negras. Essa era uma for��a que sa��a de suas entranhas como grito de liberdade, configurada nas fugas em busca de um lugar que lhes assegurasse aproxima����o de uma vida digna e que pudessem orgulhar-sedo seu porte f��sico e da sua cultura. Todo esse desprendimento, al��m de uma for��a f��sica, exigia um completo conhecimento hist��rico e espiritual, resguardado pela religiosidade que fortalecia seus esp��ritos para lutar contra toda nega����o de humanidade do s��culo XIX no sub��rbio da capital baiana. A l��der Zeferina, inconformada com a exclus��o social de seu povo negro, e entusiasmada pelo poder de heran��a de ancestralidade, pelo conhecimento de raiz da cultura matrilinear angolana, pelo profundo conhecimento hist��rico de resist��ncia da rainha Nzinga Mbandi e pela tradi����o de quilombolas e guerreiras, viveu e lutou pelo sonho de liberdade. Hoje, a chama desse poder �� mantida acesa na caminhada de celebra����o do 20 de novembro pela comunidade de Piraj�� e arredores, enquanto referencial de resist��ncia negra na luta contra as exclus��es sociais vigentes.(AU)

Loss of social behaviors by Myxococcus xanthus during evolution in an unstructured habitat

Social behaviors are often targets of natural selection among higher organisms, but quantifying the effects of such selection is difficult. We have used the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus as a model system for studying the evolution of social interactions. Changes in the social behaviors of 12 M. xanthus populations were quantified after 1,000 generations of evolution in a liquid habitat, in which interactions among individuals were continually hindered by shaking and low cell densities. Derived lineages were compared with their ancestors with respect to maximum growth rate, motility rates on hard and soft agar, fruiting body formation ability, and sporulation frequency during starvation. Improved performance in the liquid selective regime among evolved lines was usually associated with significant reductions in all of the major social behaviors of M. xanthus. Maintenance of functional social behaviors is apparently detrimental to fitness under asocial growth conditions.

Low-status monkeys ���play dumb��� when learning in mixed social groups

Many primates, including humans, live in complex hierarchical societies where social context and status affect daily life. Nevertheless, primate learning studies typically test single animals in limited laboratory settings where the important effects of social interactions and relationships cannot be studied. To investigate the impact of sociality on associative learning, we compared the individual performances of group-tested rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) across various social contexts. We used a traditional discrimination paradigm that measures an animal���s ability to form associations between cues and the obtaining of food in choice situations; but we adapted the task for group testing. After training a 55-member colony to separate on command into two subgroups, composed of either high- or low-status families, we exposed animals to two color discrimination problems, one with all monkeys present (combined condition), the other in their ���dominant��� and ���subordinate��� cohorts (split condition). Next, we manipulated learning history by testing animals on the same problems, but with the social contexts reversed. Monkeys from dominant families excelled in all conditions, but subordinates performed well in the split condition only, regardless of learning history. Subordinate animals had learned the associations, but expressed their knowledge only when segregated from higher-ranking animals. Because aggressive behavior was rare, performance deficits probably reflected voluntary inhibition. This experimental evidence of rank-related, social modulation of performance calls for greater consideration of social factors when assessing learning and may also have relevance for the evaluation of human scholastic achievement.

Social status regulates growth rate: Consequences for life-history strategies

The life-history strategies of organisms are sculpted over evolutionary time by the relative prospects of present and future reproductive success. As a consequence, animals of many species show flexible behavioral responses to environmental and social change. Here we show that disruption of the habitat of a colony of African cichlid fish, Haplochromis burtoni (G��nther) caused males to switch social status more frequently than animals kept in a stable environment. H. burtoni males can be either reproductively active, guarding a territory, or reproductively inactive (nonterritorial). Although on average 25���50% of the males are territorial in both the stable and unstable environments, during the 20-week study, nearly two-thirds of the animals became territorial for at least 1 week. Moreover, many fish changed social status several times. Surprisingly, the induced changes in social status caused changes in somatic growth. Nonterritorial males and animals ascending in social rank showed an increased growth rate whereas territorial males and animals descending in social rank slowed their growth rate or even shrank. Similar behavioral and physiological changes are caused by social change in animals kept in stable environmental conditions, although at a lower rate. This suggests that differential growth, in interaction with environmental conditions, is a central mechanism underlying the changes in social status. Such reversible phenotypic plasticity in a crucial life-history trait may have evolved to enable animals to shift resources from reproduction to growth or vice versa, depending on present and future reproductive prospects.

Adverse socioeconomic conditions in childhood and cause specific adult mortality: prospective observational study

Objective: To investigate the association between social circumstances in childhood and mortality from various causes of death in adulthood.

"Empezar es haber andado la mitad" : Organizaci��n social y condiciones laborales en la Sociedad Vit��cola Uruguaya

La Sociedad Vit��cola Uruguaya (SVU) se fund�� en marzo de 1887 fue parte del proyecto modernizador y diversificador del agro uruguayo impulsado por la Asociaci��n Rural del Uruguay (ARU), entidad corporativa similar a la Sociedad Rural Argentina. Este trabajo analiza los or��genes de la SVU, ��nica entidad de este tipo en Sudam��rica, en el marco del desarrollo agrario uruguayo de finales del siglo XIX. Tambi��n se estudian las condiciones de la mano de obra asalariada, la divisi��n de las tareas y la estructura organizacional en los or��genes del establecimiento. El objetivo es analizar c��mo un sector de la ��lite uruguaya, reunida en la ARU, impuls�� la creaci��n de la SVU como parte de un modelo de producci��n capitalista diversificada y basada en una sociedad por acciones en el agro a finales del siglo XIX. La hip��tesis que gu��a este trabajo es que dicho proyecto no s��lo ten��a como objetivo el desarrollo de la vitivinicultura, sino tambi��n, el de servir de modelo sociocultural con el fin de motorizar relaciones sociales capitalistas en el agro y de afincar al "gaucho" en el entorno rural

Investigation on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and psycho-social-affective adjustment in Italian women with ovarian cancer

INTRODUZIONE: L���integrazione mente-corpo applicata ad un ambito patologico predominante in questi tempi, come il cancro, �� il nucleo di questa tesi. Il background teorico entro cui �� inserita, �� quello della Psiconeuroendocrinoimmunologia (Bottaccioli, 1995) e Psico-Oncologia. Sono state identificate, nella letteratura scientifica, le connessioni tra stati psicologici (mente) e condizioni fisiologiche (corpo). Le variabili emerse come potenzialmente protettive in pazienti che si trovano ad affrontare il cancro sono: il supporto sociale, l���immagine corporea, il coping e la Qualit�� della Vita, insieme all���indice fisiologico Heart Rate Variability (HRV; Shaffer & Venner, 2013). Il potenziale meccanismo della connessione tra queste variabili potrebbe essere spiegato dall���azione del Nervo Vago, come esposto nella Teoria Polivagale di Stephen Porges (2007; 2009). OBIETTIVI: Gli obiettivi principali di questo studio sono: 1. Valutare l���adattamento psicologico alla patologia in termini di supporto sociale percepito, immagine corporea, coping prevalente e qualit�� della vita in donne con cancro ovarico; 2. Valutare i valori di base HRV in queste donne; 3. Osservare se livelli pi�� elevati di HRV sono associati ad un migliore adattamento psicologico alla patologia; 4. Osservare se una peggiore percezione dell���immagine corporea e l���utilizzo di strategie di coping disadattive sono associate ad una Qualit�� della Vita pi�� scarsa. METODO: 38 donne affette da cancro ovarico, al momento della valutazione libere da patologia, sono state reclutate presso la clinica oncologica del reparto di Ginecologia dell���Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Italia. Ad ogni partecipante �� stato chiesto di compilare una batteria di test composta da: MSPSS, per la valutazione del supporto sociale percepito; DAS-59, per la valutazione dell���immagine corporea; MAC, per la valutazione delle strategie di coping prevalenti utilizzate verso il cancro; EORTC-QLQ30, per la valutazione della Qualit�� della Vita. Per ogni partecipante �� stato registrato HRV di base utilizzando lo strumento emWave (HeartMath). RISULTATI PRINCIPALI: Rispondendo agli obiettivi 1 e 2, in queste donne si �� rilevato una alto tasso di supporto sociale percepito, in particolare ricevuto dalla persona di riferimento. L���area rivelatasi pi�� critica nel supporto sociale �� quella degli amici. Per quanto riguarda l���immagine corporea, la porzione di campione dai 30 ai 61 anni, ha delle preoccupazioni globali legate all���immagine corporea paragonabili ai dati provenienti dalla popolazione generale con preoccupazioni riguardo l���aspetto corporeo. Invece, nella porzione di campione dai 61 anni in su, il pattern di disagio verso l���aspetto fisico sembra decisamente peggiorare. Inoltre, in questo campione, si �� rilevato un disagio globale verso l���immagine corporea significativamente pi�� alto rispetto ai valori normativi presenti in letteratura riferiti a donne con cancro al seno con o senza mastectomia (rispettivamente t(94)= -4.78; p<0.000001; t(110)= -6.81;p<0.000001). La strategia di coping pi�� utilizzata da queste donne �� lo spirito combattivo, seguito dal fatalismo. Questo campione riporta, inoltre, una Qualit�� della Vita complessivamente soddisfacente, con un buon livello di funzionamento sociale. L���area di funzionalit�� pi�� critica risulta essere il funzionamento emotivo. Considerando i sintomi prevalenti, i pi�� riferiti sono affaticamento, disturbi del sonno e dolore. Per definire, invece, il pattern HRV, sono stati confrontati i dati del campione con quelli presenti in letteratura, riguardanti donne con cancro ovarico. Il campione valutato in questo studio, ha un HRV SDNN (Me=28.2ms) significativamente pi�� alto dell���altro gruppo. Tuttavia, confrontando il valore medio di questo campione con i dati normativi sulla popolazione sana (Me=50ms), i nostri valori risultano drasticamente pi�� bassi. In ultimo, donne che hanno ricevuto diagnosi di cancro ovarico in et�� fertile, sembrano avere maggiore HRV, migliore funzionamento emotivo e minore sintomatologia rispetto alle donne che hanno ricevuto diagnosi non in et�� fertile. Focalizzando l���attenzione sulla ricerca di relazioni significative tra le variabili in esame (obiettivo 3 e 4) sono state trovate numerose correlazioni significative tra: l���et�� e HRV, supporto percepito , Qualit�� della Vita; Qualit�� della Vita e immagine corporea, supporto sociale, strategie di coping; strategie di coping e immagine corporea, supporto sociale; immagine corporea e supporto sociale; HRV e supporto sociale, Qualit�� della Vita. Per verificare la possibile connessione causale tra le variabili considerate, sono state applicate regressioni lineari semplici e multiple per verificare la bont�� del modello teorico. Si �� rilevato che HRV �� significativamente positivamente influenzata dal supporto percepito dalla figura di riferimento, dal funzionamento di ruolo, dall���immagine corporea totale. Invece risulta negativamente influenzata dal supporto percepito dagli amici e dall���uso di strategie di coping evitanti . La qualit�� della vita �� positivamente influenzata da: l���immagine corporea globale e l���utilizzo del fatalismo come strategia di coping prevalente. Il funzionamento emotivo �� influenzato dal supporto percepito dalla figura di riferimento e dal fatalismo. DISCUSSIONI E CONCLUSIONI: Il campione Italiano valutato, sembra essere a met�� strada nell���adattamento dello stato psicologico e dell���equilibrio neurovegetativo al cancro. Sicuramente queste donne vivono una vita accettabile, in quanto sopravvissute al cancro, ma sembra anche che portino con s�� preoccupazioni e difficolt��, in particolare legate all���accettazione della loro condizione di sopravvissute. Infatti, il migliore adattamento si riscontra nelle donne che hanno avuto peggiori condizioni in partenza: stadio del cancro avanzato, pi�� giovani, con diagnosi ricevuta in et�� fertile. Pertanto, �� possibile suggerire che queste condizioni critiche forzino queste donne ad affrontare apertamente il cancro e la loro situazione di sopravvissute al cancro, portandole ad ���andare avanti��� piuttosto che ���tornare indietro���. Facendo riferimento alle connessioni tra variabili psicologiche e fisiologiche in queste donne, si �� evidenziato che HRV �� influenzata dalla presenza di figure significative ma, in particolare, �� presumibile che sia influenzata da un���appropriata condivisione emotiva con queste figure. Si �� anche evidenziato che poter continuare ad essere efficaci nel proprio contesto personale si riflette in un maggiore HRV, probabilmente in quanto permette di preservare il senso di s��, riducendo in questo modo lo stress derivante dall���esperienza cancro. Pertanto, HRV in queste donne risulta associato con un migliore adattamento psicologico. Inoltre, si �� evidenziato che in queste donne la Qualit�� della Vita �� profondamente influenzata dalla percezione dell���immagine corporea. Si tratta di un aspetto innovativo che �� stato rilevato in questo campione e che, invece, nei precedenti studi non �� stato indagato. In ultimo, la strategia di coping fatalismo sembra essere protettiva e sembra facilitare il processo di accettazione del cancro. Si spera sinceramente che le ricerche future possano superare i limiti del presente studio, come la scarsa numerosit�� e l���uso di strumenti di valutazione che, per alcuni aspetti come la scala Evitamento nel MAC, non centrano totalmente il target di indagine. Le traiettorie future di questo studio sono: aumentare il numero di osservazioni, reclutando donne in diversi centri specialistici in diverse zone d���Italia; utilizzare strumenti pi�� specifici per valutare i costrutti in esame; valutare se un intervento di supporto centrato sul miglioramento di HRV (come HRV Biofeedback) pu�� avere una ricaduta positiva sull���adattamento emotivo e la Qualit�� della Vita.

Do exotismo �� den��ncia social: sobre a recep����o de Quarto de Despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, na Alemanha

Esse trabalho visa examinar o potencial e o impacto da recep����o, na Alemanha, do livro Quarto de Despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus (Sacramento, 14 de mar��o de 1914 S��o Paulo, 13 de fevereiro de 1977), valendo-se para tanto de resenhas de jornais alem��es publicadas sobre a obra e a autora para reunir elementos que nos possibilitem entender como e por meio de quais recursos e agentes, a tradu����o de Quarto de despejo alcan��ou sete edi����es naquele pa��s. A moldura te��rica para a esta pesquisa fundamenta-se nos Estudos Descritivos da Tradu����o - (TOURY 1995), (L��FEV��RE, 1992) e a teoria dos polissistemas de Even-Zohar (1979); bem como o conceito de paratexto de Genette (1987) - que marcam na d��cada de 1970 uma mudan��a na maneira de estudar e entender a tradu����o de literatura, depositando seu foco no produto do traduzir, em seu p��blico alvo e recep����o. Tamb��m pilar dessa pesquisa �� o trabalho com o corpus que tem por base a Lingu��stica de Corpus que viabilizou a identifica����o de palavras-chave nos textos estudados. Estas nos permitiram mapear eixos tem��ticos, a partir dos quais apontamos aqui algumas condicionantes da recep����o da obra, tanto em uma perspectiva sincr��nica ao examinar cada texto em particular, quanto diacr��nica ao estudar a evolu����o de conceitos no tempo. Estas condicionantes evidenciaram, a partir da repercuss��o de Quarto de Despejo e de Carolina de Jesus, um deslocamento do interesse na recep����o da literatura brasileira traduzida na Alemanha do exotismo para a den��ncia social.

Social risk factors in Spanish youth and their impact on self-concept construction

This paper presents evidence from a psychosocial framework about the relationship among youth, work, and identity construction. The aims of this research were twofold. The first one was to analyze the working conditions of Spanish youth and their impact on individuals' biographies. The second one was to examine the effect of labor-related variables on construction / change of identity elements in Spanish youth. For this purpose, two research techniques were used: the Delphi method (103 experts sample from several entities and organizations closely related to our topic) and deep interviews (15 interviews with youths classified according to their relationship with the work market). Copyright 2007 by The Spanish Journal of Psychology.