Finite element modeling of straightening of thin-walled seamless tubes of austenitic stainless steel

During this thesis work a coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model (FEM) was builtto simulate hot rolling in the blooming mill at Sandvik Materials Technology (SMT) inSandviken. The blooming mill is the first in a long line of processes that continuously or ingotcast ingots are subjected to before becoming finished products. The aim of this thesis work was twofold. The first was to create a parameterized finiteelement (FE) model of the blooming mill. The commercial FE software package MSCMarc/Mentat was used to create this model and the programing language Python was used toparameterize it. Second, two different pass schedules (A and B) were studied and comparedusing the model. The two pass series were evaluated with focus on their ability to healcentreline porosity, i.e. to close voids in the centre of the ingot. This evaluation was made by studying the hydrostatic stress (σm), the von Mises stress (σeq)and the plastic strain (εp) in the centre of the ingot. From these parameters the stress triaxiality(Tx) and the hydrostatic integration parameter (Gm) were calculated for each pass in bothseries using two different transportation times (30 and 150 s) from the furnace. The relationbetween Gm and an analytical parameter (Δ) was also studied. This parameter is the ratiobetween the mean height of the ingot and the contact length between the rolls and the ingot,which is useful as a rule of thumb to determine the homogeneity or penetration of strain for aspecific pass. The pass series designed with fewer passes (B), many with greater reduction, was shown toachieve better void closure theoretically. It was also shown that a temperature gradient, whichis the result of a longer holding time between the furnace and the blooming mill leads toimproved void closure.

Large-scale Roll Out of Online Prospective Measurement of Mood Symptoms in Affective Disorders

Background and Aims: True Colours is an online prospective mood-monitoring system developed at the University of Oxford to assist local patients and clinicians with monitoring course of illness in bipolar disorder. We report our initial experiences of using True Colours for research purposes in the Bipolar Disorder Research Network (BDRN; www.bdrn.org), a large research network of individuals with mood disorders spread throughout the UK. Methods: After initial piloting to ensure the practicality/acceptability of using True Colours within BDRN, we invited all BDRN participants (n = 7000) to participate in weekly True Colours ratings via three postal invitations sent over an 8-month period. Results: Following the three postal invitations, 915 individuals have so far expressed an interest in joining True Colours, and, of these, 662 (72.3%) have registered. 32 of those who registered for True Colours (5%) have so far asked to leave the system. Positive feedback from participants has focused around the ease of use and convenience of True Colours and potential clinical utility of the graphical representation of weekly mood scores. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that large-scale prospective mood monitoring for research purposes using a contemporary online approach is feasible. Challenges have included: (i) variation in participants’ technological ability; (ii) management of requests for clinical advice based on mood scores within a research setting; and, (iii) resources required to provide access and on-going support for participants using True Colours. We continue to expand recruitment to True Colours within BDRN, and plan to trial email invitations in the next phase of recruitment.

Bioarchaeology of Two Mill Creek Sites from Northwest Iowa: 13PM248 and 13WD402, Research Papers of Office of the State Archaeologist, September 9, 2016 Vol. 41, no. 2

This is a report of a human skeletal remains and artifacts that were excavated from a burial sites in Iowa. The report was written and published by the Office of the State Archaeologist, The University of Iowa, Iowa City

Samhällskunskap och historia i svensk gymnasieskola: ämnenas roll och relation i diskurs och ämnesplaner

The adoption of new syllabuses in history and social science in the new Swedish curriculum raises questions on the relationship between the two subjects. Social Science and History as school subjects have previously been described as both competing and complementary. The competing aspect has mainly been descibed in terms of citizenship education and the complementary aspect has been described in terms of content, abilities, and temporality. This article discusses how history and social science relate to these four topics in didactic discourse and in the new syllabuses. In the didactic discource both subjects underline the importance of making subject matter useful in life outside school. However, the new syllabuses are very differently formulated in this sense. History is closely connected to citizenship education and describes content, abilities and temporality in such a context. Social Science on the other hand downtunes the traditional role as a subject important for citizenship. Instead, focus is aimed at disciplinary thinking and using knowledge to understand social science methods and theories. This development is seen as very problematic and challenging for a meaningful teaching of Social Science in upper secondary school. In response to this challenge, the author proposes interdisciplinary didactic development, especially in developing "dynamic concepts" within Social Science didactics.

Cryopreservation of avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) using somatic embryos

Avocado genetic resources are currently maintained in the form of field repositories at great cost and risk of natural disasters, pest and diseases. Cryopreservation offers a necessary, complimentary method that is safe, cost-effective and long-term. However, long-term maintenance and regeneration of plantlets from avocado somatic embryos has been a major barrier in the development of new avocado cultivars. In this study, two protocols for vitrification-based cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos were investigated. Globular somatic embryos of two avocado cultivars were tested, revealing cultivar-dependent differences in desiccation tolerance and subsequent freezing resistance, possibly attributed to their size and culture age. A two-step regeneration system, involving an intermediate liquid phase step between subcultures in solid medium, significantly enhanced shoot development from somatic embryo tissue. This work will add considerable value towards cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos for germplasm conservation and the generation of new and improved avocado cultivars.

Influencia del pick and roll en el juego de ataque en baloncesto de alto nivel

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las acciones del pick and roll y su influencia en el juego en baloncesto de alto nivel. Se analizó la eficacia táctica y de marcador en función de distintos factores que inciden en las situaciones de juego mediante un diseño observacional nomotético, puntual y multidimensional en 18 equipos de la liga ACB de baloncesto. Un instrumento observacional ad hoc (VTP & R) fue validado por un panel de 20 expertos de alto nivel y se comprobó la fiabilidad en la observación por parte de los investigadores. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el análisis secuencial de retardos, el análisis de coordenadas polares y los estadísticos descriptivos cuantitativos. Del total de acciones analizadas (n=3895), el 25,3% se corresponden a pick and roll (n=984). Solo el 36,3% de las acciones de pick and roll se han mostrado eficaces en el marcador, mientras que el 85,7% lo son tácticamente. La interpretación de los resultados muestra el interés en complementar el análisis del juego en baloncesto a través de los mixed methods. La posibilidad de determinar qué acciones se realizan en cada momento del partido y de qué manera se ejecutan, así como establecer patrones de respuesta táctica en función de los distintos factores que intervienen en el juego, justifica la utilidad de los resultados aquí obtenidos y se concluye el interés en incorporar las distintas técnicas analíticas de la metodología observacional a los procesos de análisis del baloncesto.

A rolling-gliding wear simulator for the investigation of tribological material pairings for application in total knee arthroplasty

Background: Material wear testing is an important technique in the development and evaluation of materials for use in implant for total knee arthroplasty. Since a knee joint induces a complex rolling-gliding movement, standardised material wear testing devices such as Pin-on-Disc or Ring-on-Disc testers are suitable to only a limited extent because they generate pure gliding motion only.Methods: A rolling-gliding wear simulator was thus designed, constructed and implemented, which simulates and reproduces the rolling-gliding movement and loading of the knee joint on specimens of simplified geometry. The technical concept was to run a base-plate, representing the tibia plateau, against a pivoted cylindrical counter-body, representing one femur condyle under an axial load. A rolling movement occurs as a result of the friction and pure gliding is induced by limiting the rotation of the cylindrical counter-body. The set up also enables simplified specimens handling and removal for gravimetrical wear measurements. Long-term wear tests and gravimetrical wear measurements were carried out on the well known material pairings: cobalt chrome-polyethylene, ceramic-polyethylene and ceramic-ceramic, over three million motion cycles to allow material comparisons to be made.Results: The observed differences in wear rates between cobalt-chrome on polyethylene and ceramic on polyethylene pairings were similar to the differences of published data for existing material-pairings. Test results on ceramic-ceramic pairings of different frontal-plane geometry and surface roughness displayed low wear rates and no fracture failures.Conclusions: The presented set up is able to simulate the rolling-gliding movement of the knee joint, is easy to use, and requires a minimum of user intervention or monitoring. It is suitable for long-term testing, and therefore a useful tool for the investigation of new and promising materials which are of interest for application in knee joint replacement implants. © 2010 Richter et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Comparative study of bioactive potential of Fueniculum vulgare Mill. and Matricaria recutita L. phenolic rich extracts to functionalize cottage chesse

Synthetic additives used in a wide variety of food products have been associated to some toxic effects. This conducted to an increasing interest of consumers for natural additives, including food preservers [1]. Many aromatic herbs have been used to prepare bioactive extracts with benefits to the consumer's health. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel) and Matricaria recutita L. (chamomile) are examples of popular herbs rich in phenolic compounds with documented antioxidant and antimicrobial properties [2,3]. The present work confirms the antioxidant (DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition) and antimicrobial (against bacteria such as Bacillus cereus and Salmonella Typhimurium and fungi such as Aspergillus niger, A. versicolor and PenicilliumfimicuJosum) activities of fennel and chamomile extracts, obtained by decoction. The chemical characterization of the extracts, performed by HPLC-DAD-ESIIMS, revealed the presence of five flavonoids (mainly qercetin-3-0- glucoside) and twelve phenolic acids (mainly 5-0-caffeolyquinic acid) for fennel extract and the presence of nine flavonoids (mainly luteolin-0-glucuronide) and ten phenolic acids (mainly di-caffeoyl-2,7- anhydro-3-deoxy-2-octulopyranosonic acid) for chamomile extract. Due to their high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, both extracts were then incorporated (at DPPH scavenging activity EC25 value: 0.35 mg/mL and 0.165 mg/mL for fennel and chamomile, respectively) in cottage cheeses (prepared by Queijos Casa Matias Lda) as natural additives with two objectives: to increase the shelf-life of the cottage cheeses and to provide bioactive properties to the final products. The results showed that the use of these natural extracts did not alter significantly the nutritional characteristics of the cottage cheese in comparison with control samples (cottage cheese without extracts), but improved its antioxidant potential (more evident in the samples with chamomile extract). After 14 days of storage, only the control samples showed signs of degradation. Overall, the present study highlights the preservation potential of fennel and chamomile extracts in cottage cheeses, improving also their bioactivity.

Simulação em uso dos pisos de madeira de Eucalyptus sp e Corymbia maculata

A caracterização anatômica, física, mecânica e química da madeira fornece informações importantes para sua melhor utilização. Contudo, para que madeiras se tornem boa opção para o mercado de pisos, adicionalmente é necessária a realização de ensaios que simulem suas reais condições em serviço. Esses ensaios simulam o pisoteio executado pelos sapatos de salto com pequenas áreas de pressão, o arraste e a queda de objetos, a resistência à abrasão da superfície e o atrito oferecido durante o deslocamento de pessoas que caminham sobre ele. Grande dificuldade da seleção de novas madeiras para pisos está na ausência de valores de referência físico-mecânicos. O presente trabalho visou a caracterizar as madeiras de Eucalyptus clöeziana F. Muell, de Eucalyptus microcorys F. Muell e de Corymbia maculata Hook, para as propriedades de densidade básica, retratibilidade, aplicação de carga rolante, de atrito estático e dinâmico, endentação causada por cargas aplicadas em pequenas áreas, impacto da esfera de aço cadente e resistência à abrasão. Foi observado que as madeiras estudadas podem ser utilizadas para a confecção de pisos, de acordo com seus resultados obtidos e por meio de comparações com resultados de literatura.

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. as a natural ingredient to improve cottage cheese antioxidant properties

Food industry is focused on the development of novel functional foods containing health promoting natural ingredients. Natural antioxidants present important health benefits like the prevention of several diseases related to oxidative stress [1,2]. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel) is a source of those compounds with proved antioxidant potential [3]. Herein, after evaluation of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and reducing power of fennel (provided by Américo Duarte Paixão Lda.) decoction, we propose its incorporation into cottage cheese (produced by Queijos Casa Matias Lda.). Three groups of cottage cheese samples were prepared: control; samples with fennel decoction (incorporated at EC25 value=0.35 mg/mL, previously determined by DPPH assay); and samples with fennel powder (incorporated at 1.75 mg/mL, considering the decoction yield=20%). The samples were submitted to an evaluation of DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power immediately after the incorporations, and after 7 and 14 days of storage, at 4 ºC. The incorporation of fennel improved the antioxidant activity of cottage cheese. Samples incorporated with plant powder revealed higher antioxidant properties than samples incorporated with decoction, either in 0 or 7 days of storage. After 14 days, cottage cheese incorporated with fennel decoction gave the highest DPPH scavenging activity (46.72±0.09 mg/mL). A decrease in the antioxidant potential of the cottage cheese with fennel was observed along the shelf life. Nevertheless, it is important to highlight that the samples still display antioxidant properties. Studies regarding the effects of the incorporation of these natural ingredients on nutritional and chemical composition of cottage cheese are in course

[Cadastral survey map of a land tract fronting Tennallytown Road north of Pierce's Mill Road, Tenleytown, Washington D.C.] /

In lead pencil: Aug. 91.

Improving robustness of rolling stock circulations in rapid transit networks

The rolling stock circulation depends on two different problems: the rolling stock assignment and the train routing problems, which up to now have been solved sequentially. We propose a new approach to obtain better and more robust circulations of the rolling stock train units, solving the rolling stock assignment while accounting for the train routing problem. Here robustness means that difficult shunting operations are selectively penalized and propagated delays together with the need for human resources are minimized. This new integrated approach provides a huge model. Then, we solve the integrated model using Benders decomposition, where the main decision is the rolling stock assignment and the train routing is in the second level. For computational reasons we propose a heuristic based on Benders decomposition. Computational experiments show how the current solution operated by RENFE (the main Spanish train operator) can be improved: more robust and efficient solutions are obtained