Logarithmic corrections to extremal black hole entropy in N=2, 4 and 8 supergravity

We compute the logarithmic correction to black hole entropy about exponentially suppressed saddle points of the Quantum Entropy Function corresponding to Z(N) orbifolds of the near horizon geometry of the extremal black hole under study. By carefully accounting for zero mode contributions we show that the logarithmic contributions for quarter-BPS black holes in N = 4 supergravity and one-eighth BPS black holes in N = 8 supergravity perfectly match with the prediction from the microstate counting. We also find that the logarithmic contribution for half-BPS black holes in N = 2 supergravity depends non-trivially on the Z(N) orbifold. Our analysis draws heavily on the results we had previously obtained for heat kernel coefficients on Z(N) orbifolds of spheres and hyperboloids in arXiv:1311.6286 and we also propose a generalization of the Plancherel formula to Z(N) orbifolds of hyperboloids to an expression involving the Harish-Chandra character of sl (2, R), a result which is of possible mathematical interest.

Experimental and theoretical studies on static and dynamic pressure-concentration isotherms of MmNi(5-x)Al(x) (x=0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8) hydrides

The static and dynamic pressure concentration isotherms (PCIs) of MmNi(5-x)Al(x). (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8) hydrides were measured at different temperatures using volumetric method. The effect of Al substitution on PCI and thermodynamic properties were studied. The plateau pressure and maximum hydrogen storage capacity decreased with Al content whereas reaction enthalpy increased. The plateau pressure, plateau slope and hysteresis effect was observed more for dynamic PCIs compared to static PCIs. Different mathematical models used for metal hydride-based thermodynamic devices simulation are compared to select suitable model for static and dynamic PCI simulation of MmNi(5)-based hydrides. Few important physical coefficients (partial molar volume, reaction enthalpy, reaction entropy, etc.) useful for development of thermodynamic devices were estimated. A relation has been proposed to correlate aluminium content and physical coefficients for the prediction of unknown PCI. The simulated and experimental PCIs were found matching closely for both static and dynamic conditions. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Humanized antibody neutralizing 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus

The 2009 pandemic H1N1 S-OIV (swine origin influenza A virus) caused noticeable morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to vaccine and antiviral drug therapy, the use of influenza virus neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for treatment purposes is a viable alternative. We previously reported the isolation of a high affinity, potently neutralizing murine MAb MA2077 against 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus. We describe here the humanization of MA2077 and its expression in a mammalian cell line. Six complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of MA2077 were grafted onto the human germline variable regions; along with six and eight back mutations in the framework of heavy and light chains, respectively, pertaining to the vernier zone and interchain packing residues to promote favorable CDR conformation and facilitate antigen binding. The full length humanized antibody, 2077Hu2, expressed in CHO-K1 cells, showed high affinity to hemagglutinin protein (K-D = 0.75 +/- 0.32 nM) and potent neutralization of pandemic H1N1 virus (IC50 = 0.17 mu g/mL), with marginally higher IC50 as compared to MA2077 (0.08 mu g/mL). In addition, 2077Hu2 also retained the epitope specificity for the ``Sa'' antigenic site on pandemic HA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a humanized neutralizing antibody against pandemic H1N1 virus.

Functionality preservation with enhanced mechanical integrity in the nanocomposites of the metal-organic framework, ZIF-8, with BN nanosheets

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and boron nitride both possess novel properties, the former associated with microporosity and the latter with good mechanical properties. We have synthesized composites of the imidazolate based MOF, ZIF-8, and few-layer BN in order to see whether we can incorporate the properties of both these materials in the composites. The composites so prepared between BN nanosheets and ZIF-8 have compositions ZIF-1BN, ZIF-2BN, ZIF-3BN and similar to ZIF-4BN. The composites have been characterized by PXRD, TGA, XPS, electron microscopy, IR, Raman and solid state NMR spectroscopy. The composites possess good surface areas, the actual value decreasing only slightly with the increase in the BN content. The CO2 uptake remains nearly the same in the composites as in the parent ZIF-8. More importantly, the addition of BN markedly improves the mechanical properties of ZIF-8, a feature that is much desired in MOFs. Observation of microporous features along with improved mechanical properties in a MOF is indeed noteworthy. Such manipulation of properties can be profitably exploited in practical applications.

Controlling phase separation in La5/8-yPryCa3/8MnO3 (y=0.45) epitaxial thin films by strain disorder

Present study reveals that the length-scale of phase separation in La5/8-yPryCa3/8MnO3 thin films can be controlled by strain disorder invoked during the growth and relaxation process of film. Strain disorder provides an additional degree of freedom to tune colossal magnetoresistance. Magneto-transport measurements following cooling and heating in unequal fields protocol demonstrate that coherent strain stabilizes antiferromagnetic insulating phase, while strain disorder favors ferromagnetic metallic phase. Compared to bulk, antiferromagnetic-insulating phase freezes at lower temperatures in strain disordered films. Raman spectroscopy confirms the coexistence of charge-ordered-insulating and ferromagnetic-metallic phases which are structurally dissimilar and possess P2(1)/m and R-3C like symmetries, respectively. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

Transport studies on La0.8-xPr0.2SrxMnO3 manganite films

In this communication, we report the results of the studies on structural, microstructural, transport and magnetotransport behavior of L0.8-xPr0.2SrxMnO3 (LPSMO) (x=0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) manganite films grown on (100) single crystalline SrTiO3 (STO) substrate using low cost chemical solution deposition (CSD) method. Films with similar compositions were also grown using sophisticated pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique and results of structural and transport studies obtained for CSD grown films were compared with PLD grown films. Structural studies show that all the CSD and PLD grown films possess single crystalline nature with compressive and tensile strain, respectively. Surface morphology, studied using atomic force microscope (AFM), reveals the island like grain morphology in CSD grown films while PLD grown films possess smooth film surfaces. Carrier density dependent transport properties of the films have been discussed in the context of zener double exchange (ZDE) mechanism. Lower resistivity and higher transition temperature (T-p) observed in CSD grown films as compared to PLD grown films have been discussed in the light of structural strain and surface morphology of the films. Various models and mechanisms have been employed to understand the charge transport in CSD and PLD grown films. Also, observation of low temperature resistivity minima behavior in all the CSD and PLD grown LPSMO films has been explained in the context of electron-electron scattering mechanism. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A novel Monoclonal Antibody against Notch1 Targets Leukemia-associated Mutant Notch1 and Depletes Therapy Resistant Cancer Stem Cells in Solid Tumors

Higher Notch signaling is known to be associated with hematological and solid cancers. We developed a potential immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for the Negative Regulatory Region of Notch1 (NRR). The MAb604.107 exhibited higher affinity for the ``Gain-offunction'' mutants of Notch1 NRR associated with T Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL). Modeling of the mutant NRR with 12 amino-acid insertion demonstrated ``opening'' resulting in exposure of the S2-cleavage site leading to activated Notch1 signaling. The MAb, at low concentrations (1-2 mu g/ml), inhibited elevated ligand-independent Notch1 signaling of NRR mutants, augmented effect of Thapsigargin, an inhibitor of mutant Notch1, but had no effect on the wild-type Notch1. The antibody decreased proliferation of the primary T-ALL cells and depleted leukemia initiating CD34/CD44 high population. At relatively high concentrations, (10-20 mu g/ml), the MAb affected Notch1 signaling in the breast and colon cancer cell lines. The Notch-high cells sorted from solid-tumor cell lines exhibited characteristics of cancer stem cells, which were inhibited by the MAb. The antibody also increased the sensitivity to Doxorubucinirubicin. Further, the MAb impeded the growth of xenografts from breast and colon cancer cells potentiated regression of the tumors along with Doxorubucin. Thus, this antibody is potential immunotherapeutic tool for different cancers.

A novel DNA intercalator, 8-methoxy pyrimido4 `,5 `:4,5]thieno (2,3-b)quinoline-4(3H)-one induces apoptosis in cancer cells, inhibits the tumor progression and enhances lifespan in mice with tumor

Polycyclic aromatic molecules such as ellipticine intercalate into double-stranded DNA and interfere with physiological functions. In the present study, we evaluate the chemotherapeutic potential of MPTQ on animal models and its mode of action. In order to test the antitumor activity, monohydrochloride of MPTQ was orally administered in mice bearing tumor. Results showed a significant inhibition of tumor growth compared to that of untreated controls. More importantly, mean lifespan of tumor bearing animals treated with MPTQ was significantly higher as compared to that of untreated tumor bearing mice suggesting that the treatment affected viability of cancerous cells, but not of normal cells. Consistent with this, we find that administration of MPTQ to normal mice did not cause any major side effects as observed upon hematological and serum profiling. We also found that MPTQ induces cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines, by activating apoptosis both by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Thus, MPTQ could be used as a potential cancer therapeutic agent. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

In-doped multifilled n-type skutterudites with ZT=1.8

In this paper we maximize the thermoelectric (TE) figure of merit, ZT, of n-type skutterudites, (In,Sr,Ba,Yb)(y)Co4Sb12, via three different routes: (i) find the optimum fraction of In as fourth filler (ii) check the influence of powder particle, grain, and crystallite size on the TE properties and (iii) check thermal stability. Filled n-type (Sr, Ba, Yb)(y)Co4Sb12 was mixed in three different proportions with In0.4Co4Sb12, ball milled (regular or high-energy (HB) ball milling) and hot-pressed. Particle size analyses and SEM pictures of the broken surfaces of the hot pressed samples document that only HB produces uniform particles/grains with average crystallite sizes similar to 100 nm, proven by transmission electron microscopy. X-ray Rietveld refinements combined with EDX indicate that in all cases indium entered the icosahedral voids of the skutterudite. Temperature dependent physical properties of all three regularly ball-milled samples show that increasing In-content infers an increasing electrical resistivity, increasing Seebeck coefficient but a decreasing total thermal conductivity. Although ZT (823 K) is in the same range as for the sample without In, the ZT values in the whole temperature range are higher and consequently the TE-conversion efficiency, eta is at least 10% higher. Annealing the samples at 600 degrees C for three days shows minor changes in structure and thermoelectric properties, indicating TE stability. The HB sample, due to uniformly small particles, equally sized grains and crystallites, exhibits a high power factor (4.4 mW/m K-2 at 730 K) and a very low thermal conductivity leading to an outstanding high ZT = 1.8 at 823 K (eta(max) = 17.5%). (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Production and preliminary evaluation of Trypanosoma evansi HSP70 for antibody detection in Equids

The present immuno-diagnostic method using soluble antigens from whole cell lysate antigen for trypanosomosis have certain inherent problems like lack of standardized and reproducible antigens, as well as ethical issues due to in vivo production, that could be alleviated by in vitro production. In the present study we have identified heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) from T. evansi proteome. The nucleotide sequence of T. evansi HSP70 was 2116 bp, which encodes 690 amino acid residues. The phylogenetic analysis of T. evansi HSP70 showed that T. evansi occurred within Trypanosoma clade and is most closely related to T. brucei brucei and T. brucei gambiense, whereas T. congolense HSP70 laid in separate clade. The two partial HSP70 sequences (HSP-1 from N-terminal region and HSP-2 from C-terminal region) were expressed and evaluated as diagnostic antigens using experimentally infected equine serum samples. Both recombinant proteins detected antibody in immunoblot using serum samples from experimental infected donkeys with T. evansi. Recombinant HSP-2 showed comparable antibody response to Whole cell lysate (WCL) antigen in immunoblot and ELISA. The initial results indicated that HSP70 has potential to detect the T. evansi infection and needs further validation on large set of equine serum samples.

A Pd-8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble Fluorophore

A new carbazole-based tetraimidazole ligand 1,3,6,8-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9-methyl-9H-carbazole (L) has been synthesized. The unsymmetrical nature of L as well as the rotational freedom of imidazole donor moieties around C-N bond make it a special building unit, which upon treatment with cis-(tmeda)Pd(NO3)(2) produced an unprecedented single linkage-isomeric Pd-8 tetrafacial molecular nanobarrel (PSMBR-1) tmeda N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine]. Unlike closed architectures, open barrel architecture of water-soluble PSMBR-1 makes it an ideal host for some water insoluble polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous medium; one such inclusion complex coroneneCPSMBR-1 was characterized by X-ray diffraction study. Moreover, the potential application of PSMER-1 as carrier in aqueous medium for the transportation of water insoluble fluorophore (perylene) for live cell imaging is explored.

Structural insights into N-terminal to C-terminal interactions and implications for thermostability of a (beta/alpha)(8)-triosephosphate isomerase barrel enzyme

Although several factors have been suggested to contribute to thermostability, the stabilization strategies used by proteins are still enigmatic. Studies on a recombinant xylanase from Bacilllus sp. NG-27 (RBSX), which has the ubiquitous (beta/alpha)(8)-triosephosphate isomerase barrel fold, showed that just a single mutation, V1L, although not located in any secondary structural element, markedly enhanced the stability from 70 degrees C to 75 degrees C without loss of catalytic activity. Conversely, the V1A mutation at the same position decreased the stability of the enzyme from 70 degrees C to 68 degrees C. To gain structural insights into how a single extreme N-terminus mutation can markedly influence the thermostability of the enzyme, we determined the crystal structure of RBSX and the two mutants. On the basis of computational analysis of their crystal structures, including residue interaction networks, we established a link between N-terminal to C-terminal contacts and RBSX thermostability. Our study reveals that augmenting N-terminal to C-terminal noncovalent interactions is associated with enhancement of the stability of the enzyme. In addition, we discuss several lines of evidence supporting a connection between N-terminal to C-terminal noncovalent interactions and protein stability in different proteins. We propose that the strategy of mutations at the termini could be exploited with a view to modulate stability without compromising enzymatic activity, or in general, protein function in diverse folds where N and C termini are in close proximity. Database The coordinates of RBSX, V1A and V1L have been deposited in the PDB database under the accession numbers 4QCE, 4QCF, and 4QDM, respectively

Immune responses against hepatitis C virus genotype 3a virus-like particles in mice: A novel VLP prime-adenovirus boost strategy

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a major health threat to global population. In India, approximately 15-20% of cases of chronic liver diseases are caused by HCV infection. Although, new drug treatments hold great promise for HCV eradication in infected individuals, the treatments are highly expensive. A vaccine for preventing or treating HCV infection would be of great value, particularly in developing countries. Several preclinical trials of virus-like particle (VLP) based vaccine strategies are in progress throughout the world. Previously, using baculovirus based system, we have reported the production of hepatitis C virus-like particles (HCV-LPs) encoding structural proteins for genotype 3a, which is prevalent in India. In the present study, we have generated HCV-LPs using adenovirus based system and tried different immunization strategies by using combinations of both kinds of HCV-LPs with other genotype 3a-based immunogens. HCV-LPs and peptides based ELISAs were used to evaluate antibody responses generated by these combinations. Cell-mediated immune responses were measured by using T-cell proliferation assay and intracellular cytokine staining. We observed that administration of recombinant adenoviruses expressing HCV structural proteins as final booster enhances both antibody as well as T-cell responses. Additionally, reduction of binding of VLP and JFH1 virus to human hepatocellular carcinoma cells demonstrated the presence of neutralizing antibodies in immunized sera. Taken together, our results suggest that the combined regimen of VLP followed by recombinant adenovirus could more effectively inhibit HCV infection, endorsing the novel vaccine strategy. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Status of the 98-125 GeV Higgs bosons scenario with updated LHC-8 data

In the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), we discuss the possibility of the lightest Higgs boson with mass M-h = 98 GeV to be consistent with the 2.3 sigma excess observed at the LEP in the decay mode e(+)e(-) -> Zh, with h -> b (b) over bar. In the same region of the MSSM parameter space, the heavier Higgs boson (H) with mass M-H similar to 125 GeV is required to be consistent with the latest data on Higgs coupling measurements at the end of the 7 + 8 TeV LHC run with 25 fb(-1) of data. While scanning the MSSM parameter space, we impose constraints coming from flavor physics, relic density of the cold dark matter as well as direct dark matter searches. We study the possibility of observing this light Higgs boson in vector boson fusion process and associated production with W/Z-boson at the high luminosity (3000 fb(-1)) run of the 14 TeV LHC. Our analysis shows that this scenario can hardly be ruled out even at the high luminosity run of the LHC. However, the precise measurement of the Higgs signal strength ratios can play a major role to distinguish this scenario from the canonical MSSM one.