1000 resultados para barn till alkoholister


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In schools today, we expect student performances and achievements to be exceptional. Having good reading and writing skills are essential if students want to excel at their school assignments. Students with reading and writing difficulties have to work much harder than their other classmates. Their having to work harder coupled with being teenagers and facing all the uncertainties which are present at that age, these students face the difficult task of trying to find out who they are and who they want to be. In other words, they try to create their own individual identities. This study investigates the experiences of students with reading and writing difficulties in their interactions with other students and school personnel, in different situations. The collection of data has been done through group interviews. Thirteen, 15 year old students participated in these interviews. Some of the factors which characterise a hermeneutic approach have helped to form the basis on which the study lies. A hermeneutic approach suggests that the data collected is sorted and analysed to enable the identification of differences and patterns. These patterns are arranged to give results that are subjective and which also show an interpretation of the data collected. The results show that students are more comfortable with their identities, when they are diagnosed or made aware that their performances in school are directly affected by their reading and writing difficulties. The study also shows that having reading and writing difficulties tells the students who they are but, at the same time, plays an important role in their interactions with other classmates and adults. The outcomes of these interactions greatly affect the formation of their identities. The way in which school personnel treat students is also shown to be of great importance.

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The print- and mailroom at Gefle Dagblad (GD-tyck) is handling an increasing amount of commercial jobsalong with the newspaper production. Investments have above all been done in the mailroom to be able tooffer commercial costumers a higher degree of finishing and there are plans to expand further in the commercialmarket. GD-tryck is of the opinion that they need to secure the quality of their production to be ableto do such expansion, which is the reason why a quality system of some kind may be appropriate. Howeverthere are no plans to certify such a quality system according to ISO 9001:2000.In this exam report the present methods of working have been analysed from a quality perspective.Suggestions on how GD-tryck should be working with quality development is presented in the fields whereshortage of quality has been discovered. The suggestions taken together do not form a quality system butcan be looked at as ideas of approach to quality fields that have to be developed if a working quality systemshall be accomplished.Many of the quality fields that have been discussed do not have anything to do with technical qualitydirectly but are in some degree requirements for a working quality system. It also feels urgent to illustratethese fields in this exam report when most people at GD seems to place quality as identical with technicalquality. Technical quality is also a quality field where GD-tryck has few concrete problems today and theyalready produce printed matters of a high quality. Afact that might make it difficult to adopt a quality systemas the benefits of such a system is not obvious.

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The Degree Project is about ”creative packaging”, the group has in collaboration with AssiDomän Frövi planned, constructedand designed two packagingsolutions for chocolate creams.The group has worked with the cardboard Frövi Bright produced by the company itself, which together with differentaspects in marketing demands deep knowledge about the chosen material and productgroup.The knowledge wererecieved from education, litterature and personal contacts.The completed packagingsolutions will be exposed in connection with an exhibition this summer.The Degree Project has resulted in two new and completed packagingsolutions for chocolate creams. One is mainlycreative and the other one provides strenghtness with the chosen cardboard.Hopefully the result by the group represents AssiDomän Frövi in a pleasant way and increases the expectations forthe future.

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The Lugnetgymnasium in Falun has a graphic education that supplies a color printer, which is availablefor the students in their hall. The printer is a Ricoh AFC 6513 and it is a model that can handlevariable data. It was bought in the autumn of 2002. The teachers of the graphic education want to makeuse of the variable data function and procure a variable data software. The purpose of this project is toevaluate variable data software’s, so that the most suitable choice of software can be made for the graphiceducation. To be able to make this choice, criterions has been made what the variable data softwarewill fulfil. Different software’s of variable data has been examined and a summary was made whichtells what software that fulfils all the criterions. The software’s that seemed appropriate for the graphiceducation were PrintShop Mail and Personalizer-X. Adecision which one of these software’s thatwill be purchase was made by the teachers on the graphic education. Tests and a more detailed studyon the software’s have been done. The information has later been presented for the teachers. They madea decision, which were Personalizer-X. After this decision, an easier manual for Personalizer-X wasmade. The purpose with the manual is that the students on the graphic education, quickly and easy canget started with the use of variable data.

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A number of publications has been produced for two companies in Dalarna, Utvecklingshuset andSkönhetsbanken.Utvecklingshuset is working, among other things, with stressyndroms and by treating crises. Theirpublications consist of a number of product sheets, a folder and a brochure. They want to use the publicationsfor information to their customers.Skönhetsbanken is a beauty saloon who will have a brochure to mediate the services they can offer.Photos have been taken, existing and for this purpose written texts have been used.The softwares Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Adobe Indesign 2.0 have been used for all publications andthe work with producing these has been satisfactory.The effect of a good cooperation with the companies has resulted in that they are pleased with thepublications and feel that they have been part of the end of the results.All of the publications have been or will be printed with digital printing methods, which is the reasonfor the choice of the litterature survey.The survey deals with, among other things, how the digital press works, which papers that are suitable,economic aspects and what a graphic designer should have in mind when it comes to graphic productsthat will be printed with digital printing methods.

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Sten Jonsson wants to start a production of an advertising catalogue for small companies in Sweden. Acatalogue where the advertisingcost is so low that most of the companies can afford to participate. Thecompanies who will advertise should be manufacturing companies in trades of carpentry, sheet metalworkshops, forging workshops and engineering workshops.The catalogue will facilitate for the manufacturer to reach the costumer without any middleman.Without a middleman creates a possibility for an opinion about the product at the same time as theprice can be held low. A catalogue of this type would benefit the marketing of the companies at the sametime as it would generate an occasion for innovations.The possible target groups are property companies, construct companies and farmers.A market research has been carried out contained a postal interview and a phone interview. Themarket research carried out to get an understanding in what the companies think about the idea butalso to see if the companies are in interest of advertise in the catalogue. Unfortunately the marketresearch became unusable when only three of thirty companies comment the idea and two of themwanted to meet for a further visit. In relation to the market research a deeper study in market research,in which essential parts for the project, was made.A dummie has been done to show the design of the catalogue.A calculation has also been done to get an understanding in what the project would cost to start.

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The project Design analysis and proposals of plastic screw caps in Australia was performed at Högskolan Dalarna incooperation with University of Western Sydney, Australia. The Swedish company Tetra Pak, in Lund, were assigner forthe project that was performed 2006-2007. The commission was to do a survey about the packages for non-carbonateddrinks in Australia. The bottles had to be plastic, able to open in one step and with focus on the caps.The project has result in design analysis and a new proposal of a plastic screw cap for the Australian market. Sixbottles were choosen and they were all testet on 20 consumers each with a Likert-scale test. The result from the test andthe survey underlied the work with a proposal of a new design. The most important qualities for a optimal opening is:a tamper that is easy to break and also guarantee that is not been opened before, wide and soft grip, ergonomics, easyto close and that is good looking.

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Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att sammanställa och analysera kunskapsläget inom befintlig forskning om anknytningsprocessen mellan adoptivbarn och deras adoptivföräldrar och hur denna process kan främjas. Metod var en systematisk litteratur studie baserad på 32 artiklar. I resultatet fann författarna att en bra anknytning är en viktig bas för barns framtida utveckling samt att adoptivbarn löper större risk att drabbas av mental ohälsa jämfört med biologiska barn. En anknytningsrisk som kan drabba adoptivföräldrar är post adoption depression. Adoptivföräldrar behöver mer stöd jämförelse med andra föräldrar samt att det finns för lite stödåtgärder till adoptivföräldrar på barnhälsovården. Babymassage har visat sig vara en effektiv stödåtgärd för att stärka anknytningen mellan adoptivbarn och deras föräldrar. Motiverande samtal används inom pediatriken för att ge information till föräldrarna på ett effektivare sätt.

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Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder en sjuksköterska kan utföra för att minska smärta, samt att undersöka vad föräldrarna kan bidra med för att underlätta smärtan hos sitt barn.Metoden som använts är en systematisk litteraturstudie, där 15 artiklar granskades. Det finns många olika omvårdnadsåtgärder för att lindra smärtan hos ett barn, detta kan göras med hjälp av avledning, förberedande information, sensorisk fokusering, kyla, visualisering, andningsteknik, avslappning och emotionellt stöd. Sjuksköterskan kan även hjälpa genom att stötta föräldrarna. Föräldrarna kan hjälpa sina barn genom emotionellt stöd, massage, avledning och lägesändringar. Enligt uppsatsförfattarna finns det enkla sätt för sjuksköterskan att underlätta barns smärta, som inte kräver barnspecialistutbildning från sjuksköterskan. Sjuksköterskan kan t.ex. tala med barnet om något positivt i barnets liv och genom detta avleda barnet från smärtan. Uppsatsförfattarna tror att genom att stödja föräldrarna ges de modet att utföra åtgärder som kan lindra smärtan hos barnen.

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Syftet med denna uppsats var att klargöra vilka omvårdnadsbehov anhörigvårdare till demenssjuka patienter hade. Vidare avsågs att evidensgradera dessa omvårdnadsbehov hos anhörigvårdare för dementa. Denna undersökning genomfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie och omfattade en sammanställning av 16 kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar. Samtliga artiklar granskades efter två granskningsmönster modifierade efter förlagor av Forsberg och Wangström (2003) och Willman, Stoltz och Bahtsevani (2006), en modell för kvalitativa och en för kvantitativa artiklar, om 28 bedömningskriterier vardera.Av 16 artiklar låg 4 till underlag för evidensbedömning av fynd vilande på starkt vetenskapligt underlag, 7 utgjorde stöd för måttligt vetenskapligt underlag och 5 befanns ha otillräcklig vetenskaplig grund för att bidra till bevisvärde för resultatet i denna studie. För att evidensbestämma resultaten användes graderingskriterier enligt Bahtsevani (2008).Huvudresultatet manifesterade anhörigvårdares omvårdnadsbehov inom 3 områden: avlastning för anhörigvårdare, stöd från sjukvårdspersonalens sida samt information om demens. Resultatet hjälper anhörigvårdare att förstå sin situation och sina behov, vilket ökar deras livskvalitet. Resultatet diskuterades utgående från Orems omvårdnadsteoretiskareferensram.

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This essay is about film music and how people react in a study where the music and picture comes from two different genres that both has unique conventions, of how the “standard” music ought to be composed. The purpose of this essay is mainly to try and get an understanding of film music’s importance in the movies dramatic structure, and how people react when the conventions of music is broken and two genres are combined into one.The questions that are to be answered in this essay are: *how could music as a tool change the character of a film? *How does the participants, of this inquire, experience the film depending on what music they hear? *And what is it that the participants think that the music brings to the movies narration?The method of this survey is based on a number of participants that have responded on questions of how they experienced the movie, both with music and without. This study has shown that when music and picture, which comes from different genres, interact with each other it tends to create comical features and a sense of that the music has an advantage in terms of the genre that people feel that the film has.

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Syftet med studien Maktens ideologier och språk i svenska skolors värdegrunder är att systematiskt analysera innehållet i skriftliga dokument som kan sägas utgöra eller har utgjort värdegrunder för allmänna svenska skolor. Resultaten visar att det finns en relativt tydlig koppling mellan den rådande maktordningen i samhället och den värdegrund som råder i allmänna svenska skolor. Detta tycks gälla oavsett historisk epok och oavsett vilka ideologier - religiösa eller politiska - de dominerande maktgrupperna förespråkar. Allmänna skolor kan således i hög grad ses som redskap för att reproducera, återskapa, makten hos för tillfället dominerande samhällsgrupper och för att styra eleverna, samhällsmedborgarna, i önskvärd riktning.

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Denna uppsats behandlar elever med lågt deltagande i ämnet Idrott och hälsa. Tio elever på två gymnasieskolor har intervjuats om varför de har låg närvaro vid idrottslektionerna. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka vad i ämnet Idrott och hälsa som gör att vissa elever väljer att inte delta. Fokus ligger på vilka skäl eleverna anger för att inte delta, samt hur dessa elever skulle vilja förändra undervisningen i Idrott och hälsa för att deras deltagande ska öka. Resultatet pekar på att de skäl eleverna anger för läraren inte alltid stämmer överens med de faktiska skäl som eleverna har. Anledningarna till att eleverna inte vill vara med varierar, men i stora drag handlar det om att eleverna tycker att de traditionella föreningsidrotterna och tävlingsmomenten tar för stor plats. När det gäller förändringar så är det mest frekventa att eleverna vill vara mer delaktiga i att forma sin egen undervisning. De vill också se att de traditionella boll- och lagsporterna får stå tillbaka för fler alternativ i undervisningen. Om företrädarna för ämnet Idrott och hälsa i större utsträckning vill nå alla elever bör ämnet förändras. Kanske behöver ämnets popularitet sättas på spel och ämnets fokus flyttas längre bort från den traditionella föreningsidrotten än vad som idag är fallet.

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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur lärare som undervisar i år 3 till 9 på en skola, medvetet arbetar med läsning och tränar elevers läsförståelse och läsförmåga. Syftet var även att se hur läsundervisningen på skolan förhåller sig till Frank Smiths och Caroline Libergs teorier om läsning. Undersökningen genomfördes i två delar, dels genom enkätstudie och dels genom läroboksanalys av två läroböcker som används på skolan. Enkäten besvarades av fyra klasslärare och nitton ämneslärare på skolan. Resultaten visade att majoriteten av lärarna har formell utbildning om hur läsförmågan utvecklas, men flertalet anser att deras kompetens inte räcker till för att hjälpa eleverna att bli bättre läsare. Majoriteten använder också undervisningsmetoder där eleverna får öva läsförmågan minst en gång i veckan. De flesta lärarna använder läroböcker regelbundet och av de analyserade böckerna ansågs historieboken inte ha ett särskilt meningsfull innehåll medan svenskboken ansågs ha ett meningsfullt textinnehåll.

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Equality between the sexes has been discussed in Sweden for more than 50 years. In the 60´s and during the 70´s the discourse that dominated the debate was based on the assumption that both men and women needed to liberate themselves from their traditional gender roles. In this approach information and education was perceived as the key to equality. During the 80´s however, power and subordination became the main focal point of concern within this debate, and focus upon changing the patriarchal power structures dominating society were perceived as the principal key for establishing equality between the sexes. Today, the latter discourse still dominates both the scientific and the political perspective upon equality. By examining the debate on equality from two different fields of occupation this paper tries to analyse the fact that the Swedish equality discourse looks very different on male - versus female domination. Although the proportion of male teachers in Swedish preschools is about 3 % and the amount of women serving as public company directors is about 20 %, the current discourse views male dominance within the business sector as problematic, whilst, the dominance of women in the preschool childcare sector as less problematic. In respect of the theory supported by Bourdieu (1999), Hirdman (1990 & 2003) and Foucault (1998 & 2002) this paper advocates that the discourse is biased and simplified and that a perspective that only focuses on areas of male domination sets the wrong priorities. With regards to equality ideals prevalent throughout Norway this paper concludes that the Swedish equality discourse needs a broader and more open approach to assure that Swedish institutions promote equality between men and women in the best possible way.