Detecção de vírus transmitidos por ácaros Brevipalpus em seus vetores.

A importância dos ácaros do gênero Brevipalpus vem crescendo, tornando-se evidente seu potencial como praga de plantas, especialmente por sua capacidade de transmitir vírus (CHILDERS et al., 2003; KITAJIMA et al., 2010). Os vírus transmitidos por Brevipalpus sp. (VTBs) têm em comum, além do vetor, a morfologia das partículas e semelhanças em sintomas e efeitos citopatológicos que induzem nas plantas hospedeiras (KITAJIMA et al., 2003). Os sintomas nos hospedeiros consistem de lesões locais (cloróticas, necróticas, manchas verdes ou ainda manchas anelares) em folhas e ramos afetados (KITAJIMA et al., 2003). Ao contrário de outros vírus que invadem sistemicamente seus hospedeiros, as partículas dos VTBs permanecem concentradas nas lesões, não sendo capazes de circular nas plantas que infectam. A relação dos VTBs com seus vetores não é completamente conhecida. A otimização dos protocolos de extração de ácidos nucleicos e a possibilidade de se utilizar primers específicos não apenas para a sua detecção nos hospedeiros, mas também em seus vetores, são passos importantes para os estudos da interação vetor-patógeno-hospedeiro. Podem também ser úteis para o manejo de culturas com relação às doenças causadas pelos VTBs, como a mancha anular do cafeeiro, a leprose dos citros e a pinta verde do maracujazeiro, pois, em alguns casos, é possível a detecção precoce dos vírus nos ácaros antes mesmo do aparecimento dos sintomas no campo.

Uniformização da legenda de solos do Brasil ao milionésimo.

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho é completar o estágio em que se encontra a atual legenda, sugerindo uma primeira tentativa de uniformizá-la visando adaptá-la ao Agritempo, visto que a legenda contida nos volumes iniciais apresentam uma classificação incompleta considerando somente o Grande Grupo associado classes de textura sem considerar outras propriedades como, relevo, teores de Alumínio, soma de bases e muitos outros parâmetros, contidos nos resultados de análise, necessários a otimização do sistema.

Migração de banco de dados Oracle para PostgreSQL.

Preparação do ambiente operacional. Processo de migração do SGBD. Otimização de desempenho do PostgreSQL. Criação e restauração de cópias de segurança.

Uso de sistemas de informação geográfica para o mapeamento de áreas com potencial de aplicação da magnesita calcinada no Brasil, com enfoque no sudoeste de Goiás.

Os solos ácidos predominam em quase todas as regiões do Brasil, ocupando menores proporções nas regiões do semi-árido localizadas no Nordeste do país (OLMOS; CAMARGO,1976). Em condições de elevada acidez e altos teores de alumínio, a correção do solo se faz necessária, visto que a maioria das culturas comerciais não tolera essas condições. Portanto o uso de corretivos passou a ser rotina em várias regiões agrícolas, tornando-se, talvez, a prática mais importante para alcançar elevadas produtividades (PRADO, 2003). Para Poulisse (2003), nas próximas décadas, os principais fatores de transformação da produção agrícola estarão relacionados às mudanças nos hábitos alimentares e introdução de novas tecnologias agrícolas. Associada a esta transformação, surge a necessidade de exploração racional dos recursos naturais. Dessa nova concepção, surge um novo paradigma, que enfatiza os fatores bióticos da produção, como o uso eficiente de adubos e corretivos, a adaptação das plantas às limitações do solo, o aumento da atividade biológica e a otimização da ciclagem de nutrientes (SANCHEZ, 1997). Para que o uso de insumos agrícolas seja otimizado e esteja em harmonia com a sustentabilidade ambiental é pertinente o conhecimento da distribuição espacial dos nutrientes no solo. Com esse conhecimento é possível planejar e gerir a distribuição desses insumos inibindo o avanço da degradação dos solos e permitindo que produtores menos favorecidos tenham sua produtividade incrementada. Para fornecer subsídios técnicos e científicos a essa abordagem, é importante o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias e utilização de novas ferramentas de análise e manipulação das informações. Neste contexto, insere-se o uso de geotecnologias no mapeamento agrícola que permite, por exemplo, a identificação de áreas com maior ou menor demanda por cálcio e magnésio, o que resulta em benefícios econômicos e ambientais. Um dos aspectos mais importantes do uso das geotecnologias é o potencial de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) em facilitar a produção de novas informações a partir de um banco de dados geográficos. Porém, o grande desafio da produção de novas informações em um SIG é a qualidade e a disponibilidade dos dados que caracterizam a base de dados a ser utilizada. Este trabalho insere-se no projeto "Potencial de uso agrícola da Magnesita Calcinada", uma cooperação técnico-financeira entre Embrapa Solos e a empresa MAGNESITA S/A, cujo objetivo geral é desenvolver tecnologias que orientem a aplicação do óxido de magnésio como fonte de Mg para a correção e, principalmente, para a adubação de solos. Dentre as atividades previstas no projeto está o mapeamento digital de solos do Brasil, com ênfase no Sudoeste Goiano, por ser uma região de destaque no cenário do agronegócio nacional. O presente trabalho insere-se nesse contexto, com o objetivo de desenvolver tecnologias de mapeamento digital para apoio à tomada de decisão sobre as possíveis demandas do óxido de magnésio como fonte de Mg para a agropecuária brasileira.

Levantamento semidetalhado dos solos da microbacia do Córrego do Pito Aceso, Município de Bom Jardim, região serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - RJ.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar o levantamento semidetalhado de solos, na escala 1:10.000, da microbacia do córrego Pito Aceso, com aproximadamente 500 ha, inserida no distrito de Barra Alegre, município de Bom Jardim. Os procedimentos utilizados envolveram a geração de um banco dados digital, manipulação de produtos de sensoriamento remoto (imagens GeoEye) e a confecção de um modelo digital de elevação (MDE), buscando otimizar o mapeamento de solos no campo e facilitar a geração de mapas interpretativos úteis ao planejamento da área. As feições das pedopaisagens foram separadas e representadas por unidades de mapeamento e, definidas em função das classes de solo, condição de drenagem, vegetação original, relevo e material de origem. Nas áreas de várzeas, relacionadas aos sedimentos recentes do Quaternário, ocorrem os Gleissolos Háplicos. Já nas áreas elevadas, relacionadas com as litologias da Unidade Imbé do complexo Rio Negro foram identificados Argissolos, Cambissolos, Latossolos e Neossolos Litólicos, estes ocorrendo associados com Afloramentos de Rochas. Os resultados demonstraram que a utilização do modelo digital de elevação e de seus atributos do terreno derivados foram úteis na otimização dos trabalhos de campo e na delimitação das unidades de mapeamento, aumentando a precisão do mapa final, e contribuindo, assim, para a elaboração do plano de manejo conservacionista da microbacia.

Community Councils online: a survey.

A survey of Scottish Community Councils found that only 22% have up-to-date online public presences. Only 4% of Community Councils have easily accessible online planning content. Most Community Councils websites communicate from Community Councils to citizen – only 10% use social media to host online discussion and opinion-gathering. Local Authority-hosted presences guarantee that Community Councils have presence but not that they are up to date. Such presences are also not content-rich. Community Councils’ own volition makes the difference between having no presence at all, mediocre presences and informative, content-rich presences that may serve citizens well. Suggestions to improve matters include broadening the scope of Local Authority-hosted presences and CCs mentoring each other.

An ethnographic interpretation of the work environment within a creative culture in the advertising sector.

Purpose and rationale The purpose of the exploratory research is to provide a deeper understanding of how the work environment enhances or constrains organisational creativity (creativity and innovation) within the context of the advertising sector. The argument for the proposed research is that the contemporary literature is dominated by quantitative research instruments to measure the climate and work environment across many different sectors. The most influential theory within the extant literature is the componential theory of organisational creativity and innovation and is used as an analytical guide (Amabile, 1997; Figure 8) to conduct an ethnographic study within a creative advertising agency based in Scotland. The theory suggests that creative people (skills, expertise and task motivation) are influenced by the work environment in which they operate. This includes challenging work (+), work group supports (+), supervisory encouragement (+), freedom (+), sufficient resources (+), workload pressures (+ or -), organisational encouragement (+) and organisational impediments (-) which is argued enhances (+) or constrains (-) both creativity and innovation. An interpretive research design is conducted to confirm, challenge or extend the componential theory of organisational creativity and innovation (Amabile, 1997; Figure 8) and contribute to knowledge as well as practice. Design/methodology/approach The scholarly activity conducted within the context of the creative industries and advertising sector is in its infancy and research from the alternative paradigm using qualitative methods is limited which may provide new guidelines for this industry sector. As such, an ethnographic case study research design is a suitable methodology to provide a deeper understanding of the subject area and is consistent with a constructivist ontology and an interpretive epistemology. This ontological position is conducive to the researcher’s axiology and values in that meaning is not discovered as an objective truth but socially constructed from multiple realties from social actors. As such, ethnography is the study of people in naturally occurring settings and the creative advertising agency involved in the research is an appropriate purposive sample within an industry that is renowned for its creativity and innovation. Qualitative methods such as participant observation (field notes, meetings, rituals, social events and tracking a client brief), material artefacts (documents, websites, annual reports, emails, scrapbooks and photographic evidence) and focused interviews (informal and formal conversations, six taped and transcribed interviews and use of Survey Monkey) are used to provide a written account of the agency’s work environment. The analytical process of interpreting the ethnographic text is supported by thematic analysis (selective, axial and open coding) through the use of manual analysis and NVivo9 software Findings The findings highlight a complex interaction between the people within the agency and the enhancers and constraints of the work environment in which they operate. This involves the creative work environment (Amabile, 1997; Figure 8) as well as the physical work environment (Cain, 2012; Dul and Ceylan, 2011; Dul et al. 2011) and that of social control and power (Foucault, 1977; Gahan et al. 2007; Knights and Willmott, 2007). As such, the overarching themes to emerge from the data on how the work environment enhances or constrains organisational creativity include creative people (skills, expertise and task motivation), creative process (creative work environment and physical work environment) and creative power (working hours, value of creativity, self-fulfilment and surveillance). Therefore, the findings confirm that creative people interact and are influenced by aspects of the creative work environment outlined by Amabile (1997; Figure 8). However, the results also challenge and extend the theory to include that of the physical work environment and creative power. Originality/value/implications Methodologically, there is no other interpretive research that uses an ethnographic case study approach within the context of the advertising sector to explore and provide a deeper understanding of the subject area. As such, the contribution to knowledge in the form of a new interpretive framework (Figure 16) challenges and extends the existing body of knowledge (Amabile, 1997; Figure 8). Moreover, the contribution to practice includes a flexible set of industry guidelines (Appendix 13) that may be transferrable to other organisational settings.

Scottish Community Councils online: the 2014 survey.

This document reports the results of a survey, carried out in late spring 2014, of the public web presences of potentially over 1300 Scottish Community Councils (CCs). It follows on from similar survey in summer 2012. The report reviews content-types associated with up-to-date presences and examines Community Councils’ social media use, using three archetypes which may be used to derive models and examples of good practice, and create recommendations for Community Councils and their Local Authorities (LAs). The research found that there has little change overall since 2012, which combined with a high level of churn implies an increasing number of digitally disengaged Community Councils. A good way forward would be for to CCs emulate and adapt the examples of good practice identified, by publishing minutes, news, planning and local area information, limiting publication of other types of content, and using social media to engage with citizens. A number of broader recommendations are made to LAs, including that that they publish CC schemes on their websites, provide training in online methods and work together via their CCLOs and IT teams to support CCs

Moving Communities of Practice forward: the challenge for the National electronic Library for Health and its Virtual Branch Libraries

Yeoman, A., Urquhart, C. & Sharp, S. (2003). Moving Communities of Practice forward: the challenge for the National electronic Library for Health and its Virtual Branch Libraries. Health Informatics Journal, 9(4), 241-252. Previously appeared as a conference paper for the iSHIMR2003 conference (Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Health Information Management Research, June 1-3, 2003, Boras, Sweden) Sponsorship: NHS Information Authority/National electronic Library for Health

Local studies collections online: an investigation in Irish public libraries

Barry, L., Tedd, L.A. (2008). Local studies collections online: an investigation in Irish public libraries. Program: electronic library and information systems, 42(2), 163-186.

Wilkie Collins

Pykett, L. (2005). Wilkie Collins. Authors in Context Series. Oxford: Oxford University Press. RAE2008

Avaliação da qualidade de vida do cuidador familiar de doentes em cuidados paliativos

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária

Pricing Algorithms For a Two-sided Internet Advertisement Market

The Google AdSense Program is a successful internet advertisement program where Google places contextual adverts on third-party websites and shares the resulting revenue with each publisher. Advertisers have budgets and bid on ad slots while publishers set reserve prices for the ad slots on their websites. Following previous modelling efforts, we model the program as a two-sided market with advertisers on one side and publishers on the other. We show a reduction from the Generalised Assignment Problem (GAP) to the problem of computing the revenue maximising allocation and pricing of publisher slots under a first-price auction. GAP is APX-hard but a (1-1/e) approximation is known. We compute truthful and revenue-maximizing prices and allocation of ad slots to advertisers under a second-price auction. The auctioneer's revenue is within (1-1/e) second-price optimal.

The musical enculturation of Irish traditional musicians: An ethnographic study of learning processes

The enculturation of Irish traditional musicians involves informal, non-formal, and sometimes formal learning processes in a number of different settings, including traditional music sessions, workshops, festivals, and classes. Irish traditional musicians also learn directly from family, peers, and mentors and by using various forms of technology. Each experience contributes to the enculturation process in meaningful and complementary ways. The ethnographic research discussed in this dissertation suggests that within Irish traditional music culture, enculturation occurs most effectively when learners experience a multitude of learning practices. A variety of experiences insures that novices receive multiple opportunities for engagement and learning. If a learner finds one learning practice ineffective, there are other avenues of enculturation. This thesis explores the musical enculturation of Irish traditional musicians. It focuses on the process of becoming a musician by drawing on methodologies and theories from ethnomusicology, education, and Irish traditional music studies. Data was gathered through multiple ethnographic methodologies. Fieldwork based on participant-observation was carried out in a variety of learning contexts, including traditional music sessions, festivals, workshops, and weekly classes. Additionally, interviews with twenty accomplished Irish traditional musicians provide diverse narratives and firsthand insight into musical development and enculturation. These and other methodologies are discussed in Chapter 1. The three main chapters of the thesis explore various common learning experiences. Chapter 2 explores how Irish traditional musicians learn during social and musical interactions between peers, mentors, and family members, and focuses on live music-making which occurs in private homes, sessions, and concerts. These informal and non-formal learning experiences primarily take place outside of organizations and institutions. The interview data suggests these learning experiences are perhaps the most pervasive and influential in terms of musical enculturation. Chapter 3 discusses learning experience in more organized settings, such as traditional music classes, workshops, summer schools, and festivals. The role of organizations such as Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann and pipers’ clubs are discussed from the point of view of the learner. Many of the learning experiences explored in this chapter are informal, non-formal, and sometimes formal in nature, depending on the philosophy of the organization, institution, and individual teacher. The interview data and field observations indicate that learning in these contexts is common and plays a significant role in enculturation, particularly for traditional musicians who were born during and after the 1970s. Chapter 4 explores the ways Irish traditional musicians use technology, including written sources, phonography, videography, websites, and emerging technologies, during the enculturation process. Each type of technology presents different educational implications, and traditional musicians use these technologies in diverse ways and some more than others. For this, and other reasons, technology plays a complex role during the process of musical enculturation. Drawing on themes which emerge during Chapter 2, 3, and 4, the final chapter of this dissertation explores overarching patterns of enculturation within Irish traditional music culture. This ethnographic work suggests that longevity of participation and engagement in multiple learning and performance opportunities foster the enculturation of Irish traditional musicians. Through numerous and prolonged participation in music-making, novices become accustomed to and learn musical, social, and cultural behaviours. The final chapter also explores interconnections between learning experiences and also proposes directions for future research.

The human papillomavirus and cancer: a multiphase study investigating preventative behaviours in young males

Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the world’s most common sexually transmitted infections, and a causative factor of oropharyngeal, anal and penile cancers in males. Worldwide, an estimated 39,000 HPV-associated cancers occur each year in men. The highest rates of HPV infection are found in adults aged 18 to 28 years. Clinical evidence indicates that use of a condom in addition to obtaining the HPV vaccine provides the greatest protection from HPV infections. Aim: To explore young men’s attitudes, beliefs, and behavioural intention in relation to receiving the HPV vaccine and using a condom correctly and consistently. Collectively, both behaviours are linked to the prevention of HPV transmission and associated infections with HPV. Method: A multi- phase study, underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour, involving a qualitative belief elicitation, pilot, and quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted. A belief elicitation (n=12) phase was used to generate items to include in a newly developed research instrument. Post pilot the research instrument was utilised in a cross sectional online survey to explore the attitudes, beliefs, and behavioural intention of young men (n= 359) with regard to receiving the HPV vaccine, and using a condom correctly and consistently. Data Collection: Data collection took place over a three month time frame. Male participants were recruited from a university in Southern Ireland via a student email system, as well as posting advertisements on numerous health, social and sports websites. Sample: Three hundred and fifty nine male participants aged 18- 28 years completed the online questionnaire. Data Analysis: Data were analysed using SPSS. Descriptive, correlational, multiple and hierarchical regression analysis were performed on the indirect and direct variables of the Theory of Planned Behaviour i.e. attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and intention. Status variables were also included in descriptive analysis and hierarchical regressions. Findings are presented through text and graphical representation. Results: Alarming sexual health statistics identified that only 44.3% of participants always used a condom, and 78.6% never used a condom for oral sex. Furthermore, findings reveal that the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour adequately measure male’s attitudes, beliefs and behavioural intention with regard to both behaviours. The Theory of Planned Behaviour has assisted in identifying how social pressures play an influential role in relation to males receiving the HPV vaccine. Attitudes presented as the most significant predictor of male’s intentions to use a condom correctly and consistently. Intention to perform both behaviours was identified as moderate to high. Conclusion: This study has contributed to the field of HPV research, as it is the first piece of research to explore preventative HPV behaviours i.e. receiving the HPV vaccine, and condom use, amongst young males, utilising the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A deeper understanding of young male’s attitudes, beliefs, and behavioural intention on this topic has been achieved. Additionally, a new robust research instrument has been constructed. Findings from this study will undoubtedly help in the implementation of the HPV vaccine in Ireland, as well as influence health promotion campaigns aimed at young males, addressing the topic of condom use.