Mujeres, política y ciudadanía. Las reformistas en la campaña nacional de 1923

Resumen Muestra la participación de las mujeres en el partido reformista durante la campaña electoral de 1923, para comprender mejor el accionar femenino en la redefinición de la política y la ciudadanía durante la década de 1920. Abstract The author analyzes female participation in the reformist party during the redefinition of politics and citizenship in the 1920´s.

Controle e redução da hipertensão arterial sistêmica na área de abrangência da Equipe de Estratégia de Saúde da Família Dr. Carlos Antônio Fagundes de Sousa, Três Pontas do Sul - MG

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é, atualmente, a principal comorbidade que aflige a população brasileira, estando presente em um a cada cinco brasileiros, de acordo com dados da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Apresenta elevada prevalência e baixas taxas de controle, não só no Brasil como, também em outros países. Apesar de haver dados que comprovam que não existe idade para o início de um quadro de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, uma vez que alguns fatores podem favorecer a incidência da doença, sabe-se que a doença é mais comum em pessoas com idade superior a 50 anos. Este estudo traz como foco principal a adesão do indivíduo portador de hipertensão arterial ao tratamento e seu acompanhamento em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Três Pontas, ESF Dr. Carlos Antônio Fagundes de Sousa. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar uma proposta de intervenção com a finalidade de melhorar o controle e a adesão do hipertenso ao tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura onde foram pesquisadas as produções científicas inerentes ao tema hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Foram levantados dados do Programa de Sistema de Informação de Atenção Básica de pacientes hipertensos cadastrados. Acreditando no potencial da Estratégia de Saúde da Família foi apresentada uma proposta para implantação do projeto de intervenção para melhoria à atenção à hipertensão arterial, com a finalidade de melhorar a adesão do hipertenso ao tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso pelas equipes de Saúde da Família da ESF Dr. Carlos Antônio Fagundes de Sousa - Três Pontas.

Melhoria da Atenção à Saúde dos Usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e/ou Diabetes Mellitus, na UBS/ESF Bairro Italiano Dr Fábio Telles Tourem, São Francisco de Assis/RS

RAMÍREZ SAN MIGUEL, Dailis. Melhoria do Programa de Atenção a Saúde dos Hipertensos e Diabéticos, na Estratégia Saúde da Família Bairro Italiano Dr Fábio Telles Tourem, São Francisco de Assis/ RS. 2015. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 215. A Hipertensão Arterial e Diabetes Mellitus são patologias de preocupação do Ministério de Saúde devido seu alto nível de incidências e complicações. A baixa cobertura de atenção á saúde dos usuários com HAS e DM na população de cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) Bairro Italiano Dr Fábio Telles Tourem, São Francisco de Assis/RS e o fato dessas doenças constituírem as principais causas de morbimortalidade da área em questão, foram motivações para escolha desse tema para a intervenção. Com o objetivo de Melhorar a atenção á Saúde dos usuários Hipertensos e Diabéticos, foi realizada uma intervenção com a duração de quatro meses (fevereiro- junho) nesta ESF. Participaram da intervenção todos os hipertensos e diabéticos da área de abrangência. As ações realizadas na intervenção foram baseadas no Caderno de Atenção Básica n° 36 e 37 – Estratégias para o cuidado da Pessoa com doença crônica, Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, respectivamente (BRASIL, 2013; BRASIL, 2013a). Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foram estabelecidas metas e ações a serem realizadas. O cadastro desses usuários na planilha de coleta de dados (Anexo A) foi realizado no momento da consulta, a qual serviu para monitoramento e acompanhamento das metas e indicadores. Para registro das atividades foram utilizados o prontuário clínico individual e a ficha espelho (Anexo B). Dentre as metas a cumprir tivemos: ampliação da cobertura, melhoria na qualidade a atenção aos hipertensos e diabéticos assim como a melhoria na adesão e registro das informações dos hipertensos e diabéticos. Para isso estabelecemos ações dentro de quatro eixos pedagógicos: avaliação e monitoramento das ações, organização e gestão do serviço, engajamento público e qualificação da prática clínica. Com esse trabalho conseguimos alcançar uma cobertura do programa de 35,4% (n=475) e 36,6% (n=140) para hipertensos e diabéticos respectivamente. Também foram alcançados 100% de qualidade nos demais indicadores avaliados durante a intervenção. A intervenção serviu para que a equipe toda se envolvesse nas atividades desenvolvidas com a população. Além disso, foi o momento que serviu para capacitar a equipe sobre os protocolos de atendimentos dos hipertensos e diabéticos e recomendações do Ministério da Saúde. O serviço pode viabilizar acompanhamento a um maior número de pessoas, além de agendamentos para os Hipertensos e Diabéticos, sendo importante para a comunidade começar a entender a importância no cuidado e cumprimento das orientações oferecidas para os hipertensos e diabéticos.

Melhoria do Programa de Prevenção e Controle do Câncer do Colo de Útero e do Câncer de Mama na USF Fagundes Varela, Fagundes Varela/RS

VELAZQUEZ MACHADO, Dayris. Melhoria do Programa de Prevenção e Controle do Câncer do Colo de Útero e do Câncer de Mama na USF Fagundes Varela, Fagundes Varela/RS). 2015. xf. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Ano. O presente trabalho descreve a realização de uma intervenção baseada numa ação programática em saúde típica da Atenção Primária à Saúde na USF Fagundes Varela, RS. A intervenção se desenvolveu em um período de doze semanas, no intuito de captar e avaliar não só as mulheres que usualmente acessam aos serviços, mas especialmente àquelas que estão em atraso ou nunca realizaram o exame citopatológico e de mama. Os cânceres de colo de útero e de mama tem grande relevância no contexto da saúde pública, seja por seu aspecto epidemiológico, social ou econômico. Com base no caderno de atenção básica do Ministério da Saúde Nº 13 (Controle dos cânceres de colo de útero e de mama) que prevê uma rotina para o atendimento com avaliação de fatores de risco e a realização de exames preventivos para a detecção precoce dessas doenças, elaborou-se este projeto, que teve como objetivo melhorar a detecção do câncer de colo de útero e de mama bem como visava organizar e padronizar o atendimento para as mulheres da área de abrangência da Unidade de saúde, sendo esta urbana, com uma equipe da ESF tradicional. Teve como metas aumentar a captação de usuárias, melhorar as amostras de exames coletados, criar um registro desses exames para monitoramento, assim como, orientar todas as usuárias sobre fatores de risco e prevenção dessas patologias. Para isto estabeleceu ações dentro de quatro eixos pedagógicos: avaliação e monitoramento das ações, organização e gestão do serviço, engajamento público e qualificação da prática clínica. Com esse trabalho conseguimos uma cobertura nos exames de preventivos citopatológicos de 76,8% (num total de 515 mulheres com exame em dia) e mamografias de 81,4% (num total de 180 mulheres com exame em dia) para as faixas etárias preconizadas no período. Houve uma melhora significativa no que diz respeito ao acolhimento e sistematização do atendimento. Melhoraram os registros das informações. Melhorou qualidade do atendimento com destaque na avaliação de risco e orientações sobre DTS e fatores de risco. Ações como estas permitem a detecção e tratamento precoce destas doenças, bem como a redução de danos, com a consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida e uma ótima preparação para evitar os riscos e as complicações das mulheres.

Multiple Desmoid Tumors In A Patient With Gardner's Syndrome - Report Of A Case.

Desmoid tumor (DT) is a common manifestation of Gardner's Syndrome (GS), although it is a rare condition in the general population. DT in patients with GS is usually located in the abdominal wall and/or intra-abdominal cavity. We report a case of a 32 years-old female patient with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), who was already submitted to total colectomy and developed multiple DT, located in the abdominal wall and in the left breast. The patient underwent several surgical procedures, with a multidisciplinary team of surgeons. Wide surgical resections of the left breast and the abdominal wall tumors were performed in separate steps. Polypropylene mesh reconstruction and muscle flaps were needed to cover the defects of the thoracic and abdominal walls. After partial necrosis of the adipose-cutaneous flap in the abdomen that required a new skin graft, she had a satisfactory outcome with complete healing of the surgical incisions. DT is frequent in GS, however, breast localization is very rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Recurrence of DT is not negligible, even after a wide surgical resection. GS patients must be followed up closely, and clinical examination, associated with imaging studies, should be performed to detect any signs of tumor. DT represents one of the most significant causes of the morbidity and mortality that affects FAP patients following colectomy. In general, the surgical procedures to excise DT are highly complex, requiring a multidisciplinary team.

Antioxidant And Antiproliferative Activities Of Methanolic Extract From A Neglected Agricultural Product: Corn Cobs.

Neglected agricultural products (NAPs) are defined as discarded material in agricultural production. Corn cobs are a major waste of agriculture maize. Here, a methanolic extract from corn cobs (MEC) was obtained. MEC contains phenolic compounds, protein, carbohydrates (1.4:0.001:0.001). We evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of MEC. Furthermore, its antiproliferative property against tumor cells was assessed through MTT assays and proteins related to apoptosis in tumor cells were examined by western blot. MEC showed no hydroxyl radical scavenger capacity, but it showed antioxidant activity in Total Antioxidant Capacity and DPPH scavenger ability assays. MEC showed higher Reducing Power than ascorbic acid and exhibited high Superoxide Scavenging activity. In tumor cell culture, MEC increased catalase, metallothionein and superoxide dismutase expression in accordance with the antioxidant tests. In vivo antioxidant test, MEC restored SOD and CAT, decreased malondialdehyde activities and showed high Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity in animals treated with CCl4. Furthermore, MEC decreased HeLa cells viability by apoptosis due an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase 3 active. Protein kinase C expression increased was also detected in treated tumor cells. Thus, our findings pointed out the biotechnological potential of corn cobs as a source of molecules with pharmacological activity.

Draft Genome Sequence Of Ft9, A Novel Bacillus Cereus Strain Isolated From A Brazilian Thermal Spring.

A Bacillus cereus strain, FT9, isolated from a hot spring in the midwest region of Brazil, had its entire genome sequenced.

Bioactivity And Chemical Composition Of The Essential Oil From The Leaves Of Guatteria Australis A.st.-hil.

Essential oil from the leaves of Guatteria australis was obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectromery (GC-MS) and their antiproliferative, antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Twenty-three compounds were identified among which germacrene B (50.66%), germacrene D (22.22%) and (E)-caryophyllene (8.99%) were the main compounds. The highest antiproliferative activity was observed against NCI-ADR/RES (TGI = 31.08 μg/ml) and HT-29 (TGI = 32.81 μg/ml) cell lines. It also showed good antileishmanial activity against Leishmania infantum (IC50 = 30.71 μg/ml). On the other hand, the oil exhibited a small effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, S. aureus ATCC 14458 and Escherichia coli ATCC 10799 (MIC = 250 μg/ml), as well as small antioxidant activity (457 μmol TE/g) assessed through ORACFL assay. These results represent the first report regarding chemical composition and bioactivity of G. australis essential oil.

Plastias de estenoses de intestino delgado na doença de Crohn: resultados imediatos e tardios

BACKGROUND: Strictureplasty is an alternative surgical procedure for Crohn?s disease, particulary in patients with previous resections or many intestinal stenosis. AIM: To analyze surgical complications and clinical follow-up in patients submitted to strictureplasty secondary to Crohn?s disease. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (57.1% male, mean age 33.3 years, range 16-54 years) with Crohn?s disease and intestinal stenosis (small bowel, ileocecal region and ileocolic anastomosis) were submitted to strictureplasty, at one institution, between September 1991 and May 2004. Thirteen patients had previous intestinal resections. The mean follow-up was 58.1 months. A total of 116 strictureplasties were done (94 Heineke-Mikulicz - 81%, 15 Finney - 13%, seven side-to-side ileocolic strictureplasty - 6%). Three patients were submitted to strictureplasty at two different surgical procedures and two in three procedures. RESULTS: Regarding to strictureplasty, postoperative complication rate was 25% and mortality was 3.6%. Early local complication rate was 57.1%, with three suture leaks (10.7%) and late complication was present in two patients, both with incisional hernial and enterocutaneous fistulas (28.6%). Patients remained hospitalized during a medium time of 12.4 days. Clinical and surgical recurrence rates were 63% and 41%, respectively. Among the patients submitted to another surgery, two patients had two more operations and one had three. Recurrence rate at strictureplasty site was observed in 3.5%, being Finney technique the commonest one. Presently, 19 patients had been asymptomatic with the majority of them under medical therapy. CONCLUSION: Strictureplasties have low complication rates, in spite of having been done at compromised site, with long term pain relief. Considering the clinical course of Crohn?s disease, with many patients being submitted to intestinal resections, strictureplasties should be considered as an effective surgical treatment to spare long intestinal resections.

Complicações imediatas e tardias após cirurgia de reservatório ileal na polipose adenomatosa familiar

BACKGROUND: Restorative proctocolectomy is the procedure of choice to treat familial adenomatous polyposis, however it can be associated to short-term and long-term postoperative complications. AIM: To evaluate the occurrence of complications related to the surgical treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis with ileal pouch technique. METHODS: Retrospective study of 69 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis after rectocolectomy with ileal reservoir between 1984 and 2006, operated on Coloproctology Group, Medical Sciences Faculty, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. The median follow-up period was 82 (2-280) months. Data obtained were surgical techniques and postoperative complications. RESULTS: The morbidity and mortality were 63.8% and 2.9%, respectively. The most frequent complications were small-bowel obstruction (17.4%), anastomotic stricture (15.9%) and pelvic sepsis (10.1%). Acute ischemia of the ileal pouch (4.3%), pouchitis (2.9%) and ileal pouch-related fistula (2.9%) had poorer frequency than others. CONCLUSIONS: The morbid-mortality was similar to the literature?s data and it is acceptable for a complex surgery in two terms like the ileal reservoir-anal anastomosis. The small-bowel obstruction was the most frequent complication. However, ischemia of the reservoir, pouchitis and pelvic sepsis were important complications and was related to the failure of the ileal reservoir.

Resultados da cirurgia de reservatórios ileais em pacientes com doença de Crohn

BACKGROUND: Total rectocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is the choice surgical procedure for patients with ulcerative colitis. In cases of Crohn's disease post-operative diagnosis, it can be followed by pouch failure. AIM: To evaluate ileal pouch-anal anastomosis long-term outcome in patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS: Between February 1983 and March 2007, 151 patients were submitted to ileal pouch-anal anastomosis by Campinas State University Colorectal Unit, Campinas, SP, Brazil, 76 had pre-operative ulcerative colitis diagnosis and 11 had post-operative Crohn's disease diagnosis. Crohn's disease diagnosis was made by histopathological biopsies in nine cases, being one in surgical specimen, two cases in rectal stump, small bowel in two cases, ileal pouch in three and in perianal abscess in one of them. The median age was 30.6 years and eight (72.7%) were female. RESULTS: All patients had previous ulcerative colitis diagnosis and in five cases emergency colectomy was done by toxic megacolon. The mean time until of Crohn's disease diagnosis was 30.6 (6-80) months after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Ileostomy closure was possible in 10 cases except in one that had ileal pouch fistula, perianal disease and small bowel involvement. In the long-term follow-up, three patients had perineal fistulas and one had also a pouch-vaginal fistula. All of them were submitted to a new ileostomy and one had the pouch excised. Another patient presented pouch-vaginal fistula which was successfully treated by mucosal flap. Three patients had small bowel involvement and three others, pouch involvement. All improved with medical treatment. Presently, the mean follow-up is 76.5 months and all patients are in clinical remission, and four have fecal diversion. The remaining patients have good functional results with 6-10 bowel movements/day. CONCLUSION: Crohn's disease diagnosis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis may be usual and later complications such fistulas and stenosis are common. However, when left in situ ileal pouch is associated with good function.

Desmoid tumor in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis

CONTEXT: Desmoid tumors constitute one of the most important extraintestinal manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis. The development of desmoids is responsible for increasing morbidity and mortality rates in cases of familial adenomatous polyposis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the occurrence of desmoid tumors in familial adenomatous polyposis cases following prophylactic colectomy and to present patient outcome. METHODS: Between 1984 and 2008, 68 patients underwent colectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis at the School of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Desmoid tumors were found in nine (13.2%) of these patients, who were studied retrospectively by consulting their medical charts with respect to clinical and surgical data. RESULTS: Of nine patients, seven (77.8%) were submitted to laparotomy for tumor resection. Median age at the time of surgery was 33.9 years (range 22-51 years). Desmoid tumors were found in the abdominal wall in 3/9 cases (33.3%) and in an intra-abdominal site in the remaining six cases (66.7%). Median time elapsed between ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and diagnosis of desmoid tumor was 37.5 months (range 14-60 months), while the median time between colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis and diagnosis was 63.7 months (range 25-116 months). In 6/9 (66.7%) patients with desmoid tumors, the disease was either under control or there was no evidence of tumor recurrence at a follow-up visit made a mean of 63.1 months later (range 12-240 months). CONCLUSIONS: Desmoid tumors were found in 13.2% of cases of familial adenomatous polyposis following colectomy; therefore, familial adenomatous polyposis patients should be followed-up and surveillance should include abdominal examination to detect signs and symptoms. Treatment options include surgery and clinical management with antiestrogens, antiinflammatory drugs or chemotherapy.

Variation of the anal resting pressure induced by postexpiratory apnea effort in patients with constipation

CONTEXT: Intestinal constipation - a common symptom among the general population - is more frequent in women. It may be secondary to an improper diet or organic or functional disturbances, such as dyskinesia of the pelvic floor. This is basically characterized by the absence of relaxation or paradoxical contraction of the pelvic floor and anal sphincter during evacuation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze, by manometric data, the anal pressure variation at rest, during evacuation effort by using the Valsalva maneuver and forced post-expiratory apnea in subjects with secondary constipation. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (19 females - 90.4%) with a mean age of 47.5 years old (23-72) were studied. The diagnosis was performed using anorectal manometry, with a catheter containing eight channels disposed at the axial axis, measuring the proximal (1) and distal (2) portions of the anal orifice. The elevation of the pressure values in relation to the resting with the evacuation effort was present in all patients. The Agachan score was used for clinical evaluation of constipation. The variables studied were: mean anal pressure of the anal orifice for 20 seconds at rest, the effort of evacuation using Valsalva maneuver and the effort of evacuation during apnea after forced expiration, as well as the area under the curve of the manometric tracing at moments Valsalva and apnea. RESULTS: The analysis of the mean values of the anal pressure variation at rest evidenced difference between proximal and distal channels (P = 0.007), independent of the moment and tendency to differ during moments Valsalva and apnea (P = 0.06). The mean of values of the area under the manometric tracing curve showed differences between moments Valsalva and apnea (P = 0.0008), either at the proximal portion or at the distal portion of the anal orifice. CONCLUSION: The effort of evacuation associated with postexpiratory apnea, when compared with the effort associated with the Valsalva maneuver, provides lower elevation of anal pressure at rest by the parameter area under the curve.

A formação de personalidades éticas: representações de si e moral

The article presents studies of a current investigation among 75 adolescents from 12 to 15 years old, students of private schools of Campinas city, that have as main objective to notice a possible correspondence among the moral judgments and the representation that individuals have about themselves. From a questionnaire, the studies bring out the representations of these individuals and answer a questioning if they would have an ethical character or not and if these individuals would correspond to their moral judgments. The results point out to a correspondence among those whose self representations are characterized by more evolved ethical contents and judgments related to sensitivity and to the characters feelings involved in the situations described. Such studies validate the intention of this article to discuss the correspondences between ethics (how the individual sees himself/herself) and moral (how he/she judges the situations moral).

Quality of life in patients with ileal pouch for ulcerative colitis

INTRODUCTION:proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical procedure for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and is associated with the prospect of cure. Experience gained over the years has demonstrated the occurrence of a high number of complications as well as bowel disorders that can compromise quality of life (QoL).OBJECTIVE:evaluate QoL in patients with IPAA for ulcerative colitis.PATIENTS AND METHODS:the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) was used to assess QoL in patients with IPAA after its validation in Portuguese.RESULTS:thirty-one patients submitted to IPAA by the same group of professionals were evaluated. QoL was classified as regular in all domains evaluated (intestinal and systemic symptoms and emotional and social aspects). There were no differences in relation to gender, type of pouch or postoperative time. However, elderly patients showed a tendency toward lower scores. Having a professional activity was associated with higher scores in systemic symptoms and social aspects (p < 0.05). Patients with ileostomy showed lower values in the domains of systemic symptoms, emotional and social aspects (p <0.05).CONCLUSION:in all domains assessed, patients with IPAA for UC had QoL classified as regular. Ileostomy and lack of professional activity negatively influenced QoL.