Estudo morfológico do tecido hepático de Leporinus macrocephalus

The objective of this work was to analyze the liver of Leporinus macrocephalus at the macroscopic and histologic level by evaluating the characteristics of the hepatic tissue. The fishes from a fishery in Bauru, S.P., were collected and sacrificed by destroying the spinal cord; afterwards the collected hepatic tissue was fixed and followed by histological routine. Macroscopic analysis of L. macrocephalus liver showed an organ of homogeneous structure, with red-brown color, located in the medial region of the body, caudal to heart and after the gills. It showed 3 pyramidal lobes, one central and two lateral right and left. The histological analysis showed the hepatic tissue constituted by hepatocytes cords surrounded by sinusoids, named muralium duplex. It yet revealed the diffused, distribution bile system by hepatic parenchyma, showing ducts with simple cubic epithelium, surrounded by muscular fibres and connective tissue. Cells of the exocrine pancreatic tissue were observed surrounding blood vessels in acinar arrangement as zymogen granules. Furthermore, there are melanomacrophages centers distributed along the hepatic parenchyma, preferably next to the blood vessels, constituted by cells accumulating material, such as melanin and lipofucsin, whose presence may be related to the nutritional status of the fish.

Abordagem initial do paciente com mielopatia aguda não compressiva

Acute myelopathy are characterized by spinal cord dysfunction, developing sensitive, motor and autonomic signs and symptons. Since they are relatively rare, there are some difficulties to early diagnosis and to the beginning of the treatment. So, literature was reviewed to describe the main aetiologies of acute non compressive myelopathy: 1) demyelinating diseases; 2) systemic disease; 3) parainfectious; 4) delayed radiation myelopathy; 5) vascular myelopathy; 6) idiopatic and 7) vitamin B12 deficiency. Besides, we suggest an algorithm to initial approach of these patients and further aethiologic investigation. © Copyright Morelra Jr. Editora.

Nonthermal activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 channels in abdominal viscera tonically inhibits autonomic cold-defense effectors

An involvement of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 1 channel in the regulation of body temperature (T b) has not been established decisively. To provide decisive evidence for such an involvement and determine its mechanisms were the aims of the present study. We synthesized a new TRPV1 antagonist, AMG0347 [(E)-N-(7-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1- yl)-3-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide], and characterized it in vitro. We then found that this drug is the most potent TRPV1 antagonist known to increase T b of rats and mice and showed (by using knock-out mice) that the entire hyperthermic effect of AMG0347 is TRPV1 dependent. AMG0347-induced hyperthermia was brought about by one or both of the two major autonomic cold-defense effector mechanisms (tail-skin vasoconstriction and/or thermogenesis), but it did not involve warmth-seeking behavior. The magnitude of the hyperthermic response depended on neither T b nor tail-skin temperature at the time of AMG0347 administration, thus indicating that AMG0347-induced hyperthermia results from blockade of tonic TRPV1 activation by nonthermal factors. AMG0347 was no more effective in causing hyperthermia when administered into the brain (intracerebroventricularly) or spinal cord (intrathecally) than when given systemically (intravenously), which indicates a peripheral site of action. We then established that localized intra-abdominal desensitization of TRPV1 channels with intraperitoneal resiniferatoxin blocks the T b response to systemic AMG0347; the extent of desensitization was determined by using a comprehensive battery of functional tests. We conclude that tonic activation of TRPV1 channels in the abdominal viscera by yet unidentified nonthermal factors inhibits skin vasoconstriction and thermogenesis, thus having a suppressive effect on T b. Copyright © 2007 Society for Neuroscience.

First defection of the equine herpesvirus 1 neuropathogenic variant in Brazil

This report describes the first detection of an equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) neuropathogenic variant (G 2254/D 752) in Brazil from a case of fatal equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) in a mare. The results of nucleotide sequencing of the EHV-1 ORF30 gene showed that two other Brazilian EHV-1 isolates from EHM cases are representatives of the non-neuropathogenic variant (A 2254/N 752), suggesting that other unidentified factors are probably also involved in the neuropathogenicity of EHV-1 in horses. These findings will contribute to the epidemiological knowledge of EHV-1 infection in Brazil.

Advances in drug design based on the amino acid approach: Taurine analogues for the treatment of CNS diseases

Amino acids are well known to be an important class of compounds for the maintenance of body homeostasis and their deficit, even for the polar neuroactive aminoacids, can be controlled by supplementation. However, for the amino acid taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) this is not true. Due its special physicochemical properties, taurine is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. In addition of injured taurine transport systems under pathological conditions, CNS supplementation of taurine is almost null. Taurine is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory semi-essential amino acid extensively involved in neurological activities, acting as neurotrophic factor, binding to GABA A/glycine receptors and blocking the excitotoxicity glutamate-induced pathway leading to be a neuroprotective effect and neuromodulation. Taurine deficits have been implicated in several CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy and in the damage of retinal neurons. This review describes the CNS physiological functions of taurine and the development of new derivatives based on its structure useful in CNS disease treatment.&; 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus II: Hypothalamic afferents in the rat

Numerous functions have been attributed to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW), including those related to feeding behavior, pain control, alcohol consumption and the stress response. The EW is thought to consist of two parts: one controls accommodation, choroidal blood flow and pupillary constriction, primarily comprising cholinergic cells and projecting to the ciliary ganglion; and the other would be involved in the non-ocular functions mentioned above, comprising peptide-producing neurons and projecting to the brainstem, spinal cord and prosencephalic regions. Despite the fact that the EW is well known, its connections have yet to be described in detail. The aim of this work was to produce a map of the hypothalamic sources of afferents to the EW in the rat. We injected the retrograde tracer Fluoro-Gold into the EW, and using biotinylated dextran amine, injected into afferent sources as the anterograde control. We found retrogradely labeled cells in the following regions: subfornical organ, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, zona incerta, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, medial vestibular nucleus and cerebellar interpositus nucleus. After injecting BDA into the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area and posterior hypothalamic nucleus, we found anterogradely labeled fibers in close apposition to and potential synaptic contact with urocortin 1-immunoreactive cells in the EW. On the basis of our findings, we can suggest that the connections between the EW and the hypothalamic nuclei are involved in controlling stress responses and feeding behavior. © 2013 The Authors.

Tratamento cirúrgico de condroma extradural lombar em cão - relato de caso

Neoplasms originating in the spinal canal are uncommon in small animal veterinary clinic, but when present can cause significant neurological signs. Anatomically, these neoplasms can be classified as extradural, intradural-extramedullary and medullary. Extradural neoplasms are located outside the dura mater, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord. The chondromas are benign neoplasms characterized by the formation of cartilage and is rarely located in the spinal canal in both human and veterinary medicine. We describe a case of lumbar extradural chondroma in a dog that surgical decompression and removal of the mass allowed the resolution of clinical signs of paralysis with return of function of the hind limbs of the patient.

Implementação de um controlador PID embarcado para o controle em malha fechada de um estimulador neuromuscular funcional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pressões respiratórias máximas em crianças portadoras de mielomeningocele

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Recuperação da função locomotora de cães com discopatia após cirurgia de fenestração discal tóraco-lombar: estudo retrospectivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Injeção peridural de lidocaína associada à xilazina ou detomidina na prevenção da dor pós-incisional em éguas

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Efeito modulador de estratégias vacinais para tuberculose na encefalite autoimune experimental (EAE)

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Perfil clínico dos animais e funcionalidade do uso do aparelho de fisioterapia veterinária(modelos vetcar) na reabilitação de cães e gatos acometidos por dificuldades de locomoção

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efeitos determinados pela metilprednisolona, administrada pela via subaracnóidea, sobre a medula espinhal e as meninges: estudo experimental em cães

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito do gliconato de cálcio e do fluoreto de fenilmetilsulfonil (PMSF) no tratamento da intoxicação aguda por organofosforado neuropático em galinhas, utilizando como protótipo do TRI-ORTO-CRESIL fosfato (TOCP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)