Controle social e políticas públicas: contribuições para aprimorar o controle social do programa nacional de alimentação escolar

The National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) is a public policy in Brazil for over 60 years and represents one of the most important programs of feeding and nutrition in the world. The role of family farming as a source of employment in rural areas, food provider and for ensuring much of the Brazil’s food security is constantly present at the government's and social movement’s agendas. Law 11.947 of 2009 marked its integration in the food supply for the National School Feeding Programme. Article 14 of aforementioned law highlights that a minimum of 30% (thirty percent) of the funds transferred by the National Development Fund Education (FNDE) to the Programme must be used for the purchase of food directly from family farmers or their organizations. The national school feeding policy under the responsibility of the FNDE and is subjected to agencies of internal control, such as the General Controllership of the Union (CGU), of external control, such as the Audit Courts of the Union and the of the states, and to the social control of the school feeding councils. Those funds are transferred to the implementing agencies, which are the education offices of the states, municipalities and of the Federal District. These entities must annually present their accountings to the School Feeding Councils, which analyze them and then issue a conclusive report to the FNDE, approving with or without reservations, or rejecting them. In this sense, this research aims to propose parameters that should contribute to the improvement of the social control over purchases from family farming for the National School Feeding Programme. The study was conducted by non parametric sampling alongside the managers of the implementing entities, school feeding councils and Family Farming Organizations all across Brazil, from the databases provided by FNDE and by the National Union of Cooperatives of Family Agriculture and Solidarity Economy (Unicafes). The study points out that the legal framework of PNAE seeks to ensure the participation of family farming in the food supply for the Programme, despite allowing the executing agencies to justify the non-compliance of the minimum required in a number of ways. The survey also signalizes that the school feeding councils follow the implementation of the Programme very shyly, and points out that there is room to expand and enhance the participation of these councils and organizations of family farming in the execution of PNAE. Its effectiveness requires a constant and effective process of training of the agents involved in the Programme.

Responsabilidade social das empresas: caso de estudo

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Representações dos beneficiários do Rendimento Social de Inserção

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Intervenção Comunitária, especialização em Contextos de risco.

Arte, museu, educação: uma integração necessária na superação das tecnologias de controle social

This research aims to reflect on the strategies and mediation used by Oscar Niemeyer and Museum of contemporary art, in Curitiba, and Pinacoteca and Museum of modern art of São Paulo, to approximate audience of art. Recognizes that the gap between the two and that is reflected in the low visitation to art museums is the result of social control technologies historically elaborate and maintained to keep track of who has economic power over others , are people , as in the case of artistic appreciation, or countries, such as what happens with technology.It also presents some possibilities of subversion of this control , which occur especially because the human being creative and interpretive. Finally, it notes that the work carried out by the educational sectors of museums to attract different audiences is very relevant institutions and committed. With regard to teaching materials prepared and distributed to visitors, however, the need for some adjustments so that they communicate better with visitors and contribute, in fact, to deconstruct the idea of the Museum as an elite space and available only to a few privileged.

Qualidade e responsabilidade social: implementação de um sistema integrado na cooperativa terras de felgueiras

Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança

El derecho y la paz transformadora. El sentido de la estructura social en Talcott Parsons

El funcionalismo estructural de Talcott Parsons propone un sistema de acción que permite el análisis de la estructura social a partir de aspectos como la adaptación, la capacidad para alcanzar metas, la inte­gración y la latencia. En este sentido, se encuentra una serie de subsistemas que permiten que una sociedad funcione. El de­recho es uno de ellos, y cumple una función integradora; además, se convierte en un instrumento para el logro de objetivos so­ciales; se propone el concepto de paz trans­formadora como objetivo (valor cultural) en la estructura social, y el derecho como medio idóneo para lograr la integración de los individuos a la estructura societal. Cabe resaltar que la paz transformadora es un proceso y un fin en sí misma, lo que permite que sea un objetivo de construc­ción participativa.

As relações da tríplice hélice no setor da carcinicultura do Rio Grande do Norte: uma análise a partir das abordagens da imersão social e da dependência de recursos

This work consists in a study of the Shrimp Industry in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, whose central issue relates to the understanding of how the Triple Helix (University, Government and the productive sector) interrelationship limits or expands the industry s innovation process. The study aims to understand how the Triple Helix relationship interferes in the innovation process of shrimp in Rio Grande do Norte. As the knowledge becomes the resource key for production methods, the generation of new technologies, new products and processes which demands joint and integrated action of the institutions comprising the Triple Helix: University, Government and productive sector, which possess the essential resources to innovate the process and can be maximized from cooperative relationships between the referred Institutions. Thus, in this work, it was sharply used the pioneering studies of Sabato and Botana (1968) regarding the cooperation relationship between the scientific-technological sphere, the governmental and the productive base, and studies on the Triple Helix approach, proposed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000), in which the university has a key role in the process of technological and innovative development of countries and regions, and under which it is assigned to the very University - the character of the entrepreneurial institution, through the concept of entrepreneurial University. Aiming to overcome the criticism of Cooke (2005), regarding the limitations of the Triple Helix approach, in this study it was used - as analytical perspectives - the perspective of social immersion (Granovetter, 1985, 2005) and the theory of resources dependence (PFEFFER; SALANCIK, 1978). The analytical perspectives presented in here, despite of the different assumptions, are essential to eliminate the bias that one only approach can lead (ASTLEY; VAN DE VEM; 2007). The authors arguments focus on the fact that the integration is possible if the researcher acknowledged that different perspectives may have different descriptions of the same phenomenon. As a research strategy, this study is characterized as a study case, along with the proposed objectives - the qualitative method was used as an approach and, depending on the gathering of the sector s historical, a sectional longitudinal view approach was applied (VIEIRA, 2004). The primary and secondary data were used in order to understand the sector s evolutionary process and its inter-institutional relations - regarding the shrimp culture in Rio Grande do Norte - to promote the development, as the content was used for the technical analysis (BARDIN, 1977). The approach of social immersion and resources addiction dependence made it possible to understand that relationships are established within and between each sphere (university, government and productive sector) characterizing a network of low density relationships and strongly internal and external dependence. Based on the speech of Etzkowitz and Mello (2006), a successful Triple Helix strategy of innovation requires not only the involvement and commitment of the parts, within the institutional sphere and among them, but also the development of mechanisms to coordinate the multiple and complex interactions and interfaces, focusing on promoting both environment and context for innovation and learning; it can be acknowledge from study results that the shrimp in the State of the RN, although there are several institutional mechanisms to promote greater integration and technological development, has been presented disjointed - both internally and between the spheres - and under no legitimate practice when facing the innovational promotion and integration institutions. Due to those factors, the central institutions of the network are crucial to the promotion of innovations, spreading through their direct contacts the importance factor of the sustainable competitive activity in the world market and on the national level. However, it may be concluded, from the data, that the Triple Helix relations are interfering in a negative way on what concerns the promotion of innovations in the shrimp industry in RN

Social dominance modulates eavesdropping in zebrafish

Group living animals may eavesdrop on signalling interactions between conspecifics and integrate it with their own past social experience in order to optimize the use of relevant information from others. However, little is known about this interplay between public (eavesdropped) and private social information. To investigate it, we first manipulated the dominance status of bystander zebrafish. Next, we either allowed or prevented bystanders from observing a fight. Finally, we assessed their behaviour towards the winners and losers of the interaction, using a custom-made video-tracking system and directional analysis. We found that only dominant bystanders who had seen the fight revealed a significant increase in directional focus (a measure of attention) towards the losers of the fights. Furthermore, our results indicate that information about the fighters' acquired status was collected from the signalling interaction itself and not from post-interaction status cues, which implies the existence of individual recognition in zebrafish. Thus, we show for the first time that zebrafish, a highly social model organism, eavesdrop on conspecific agonistic interactions and that this process is modulated by the eavesdroppers' dominance status. We suggest that this type of integration of public and private information may be ubiquitous in social learning processes.

Integrating social media tools in a web portal

Benefitting from Web 2.0 features, Social Media allows organisations to be where the users are, creating proximity, talking to them, and knowing what they want. Going viral and word-of-mouth become easier, as these platforms allow us to share, to like, and to use multimedia and convergence – as they can interact with each other, communicating on a large scale. Given that online portals provide for a highly competitive environment, players strive to get more visits, better search rankings, and even aspire to be the homepage for the Web universe. We discuss the integration of Social Media tools in a Web Portal, and explore how using these together may improve the competitiveness of a Web Portal. A large Web Portal was selected to develop this case study. We found that, although for this particular Web Portal conditions were created to accommodate and integrate the chosen Social Media platforms, this was done in an organic and fluid way, with great focus on community construction and less focus on absorptive capacity. Based on the findings of this case study, we propose a dynamic cycle of benefits for integrating Social Media tools in a Web Portal.

The reality of cross-disciplinary energy research in the United Kingdom:a social science perspective

Cross-disciplinary research is essential in understanding and reducing energy usage, however the reality of this collaboration comes with many challenges. This paper provides an insight into the integration of social science in energy research, drawing on the expertise and first hand experiences of a range of social science researchers (predominantly Early Career Researchers (ECRs)) working on UK cross-disciplinary projects in energy demand. These researchers, participants in a workshop dedicated to understanding the integration of social science in energy research, identified four groups of challenges to successful integration: Differing expectations of the role of social scientists; Working within academia; Feeling like a valued member of the team; and Communicating and comprehension between disciplines. Suggestions of how to negotiate those challenges included: Management and planning; Increasing contact; Sharing experience; and Understanding team roles. The paper offers a definition of ‘success’ in cross-disciplinary energy research from the perspective of social science ECRs, comprising external, internal and personal components. Using the logics of interdisciplinarity, this paper suggests that integration of the social sciences in the projects discussed may be partial at best and highlights a need to recognise the challenges ECRs face, in order to achieve full integration and equality of disciplines.

Os estudantes e sua representação social do Curso Técnico Integrado em Artesanato na modalidade PROEJA do Instituto Federal de Brasília – Campus Taguatinga

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Social e Intervenção Comunitária

Pais gays/ bissexuais e mães lésbicas/ bissexuais: Experiências de discriminação e enquadramento social das famílias

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica

Os estudantes e sua representação social do Curso Técnico Integrado em Artesanato na modalidade PROEJA do Instituto Federal de Brasília – Campus Taguatinga

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Social e Intervenção Comunitária

Alinhamento das práticas de responsabilidade social com a estratégia das instituições de ensino superior: um referencial de governação socialmente responsável gerador de confiança e reputação organizacional

A responsabilidade social é considerada fundamental para a conquista de vantagens competitivas organizacionais. A integração dos seus princípios na estratégia da organização, apresenta-se como uma linha orientadora do foco na satisfação de necessidades das partes interessadas internas e externas. As actuais limitações orçamentais têm afectado significativamente as Instituições de Ensino Superior, nomeadamente as localizadas no interior de Portugal continental, o que dificulta ainda mais a crescente diminuição de estudantes sendo necessário a implementação de estratégias de captação de estudantes nos vários ciclos, fases de idade e locais de proveniência. O sistema de gestão da responsabilidade social, referenciado na NP 4469.1:2008, apresenta um grande desafio ao modelo de gestão das organizações que o implementam, já que este sistema de gestão tem o potencial de optimizar os interesses das diversas partes interessadas. O foco da instituição passa a ser os das suas partes interessadas, maximizando os seus impactes positivos e minimizando os seus impactes negativos em resultado das suas actividades e decisões. O aumento da eficácia organizacional e a equidade dos interesses das partes interessadas, podem clarificar as funções estratégicas das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Os programas e práticas de responsabilidade social implementados nas Instituições de Ensino Superior do interior de Portugal continental são assim estrategicamente vistos, como um factor de diferenciação positiva face às suas congéneres e em consequência, assumido como um factor para a sua sustentabilidade. A presente investigação procura identificar um modelo de governação socialmente responsável que se comprometa com a dinamização de uma estratégia que preveja práticas de responsabilidade social condutoras a aumentos na confiança e reputação organizacionais nos estudantes e colaboradores das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Tendo por base a abordagem de investigação qualitativa, realizaram-se estudos de caso em duas Instituições de Ensino Superior localizadas no Alentejo, recorrendo-se a várias fontes de informação: entrevistas a 45 entrevistados, entre elementos da governação, colaboradores e estudantes, análise documental e observação participante. Como técnica de tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo através do software Atlas Ti. Os resultados da investigação empírica permitem identificar que, as duas Instituições de Ensino Superior melhoraram em termos de visibilidade externa e interna, havendo entrevistados que referem uma melhoria na confiança e reputação em resultado da adesão a práticas de responsabilidade social. O líder de uma das Instituições de Ensino Superior é reconhecido pelos seus pares como de elevado compromisso para com os princípios da responsabilidade social enquanto que o outro líder não é reconhecido da mesma forma. Os estudantes entrevistados, não reconhecem vantagens em resultado das práticas de responsabilidade social tanto ao nível da confiança como reputação organizacional; ABSTRACT: Social responsibility is considered essential to the achievement of organizational competitive advantage. The integration of its principles in the organization's strategy, presents itself as a guiding line focus on meeting the needs of internal and external stakeholders. The current budgetary constraints have significantly affected the higher education institutions, further hindering the increasing decline of students being required to implement student recruitment strategies in the various cycles of age stages and places of origin. The management system of social responsibility, referenced in NP 4469.1:2008, presents a major challenge to the model of management of organizations implementing it, since this management system, has the potential to optimize the interests of the various stakeholders. The focus of the institution happens to be out of their stakeholders, maximizing its positive impacts and minimizing the negative impacts as a result of its activities and decisions. Increased organizational effectiveness and equity interests of stakeholders can clarify the strategic functions of the higher education institutions. Social responsibility programs and Social responsibility practices implemented in higher education institutions in the interior of mainland Portugal are so strategically seen as a positive differentiating factor compared to their counterparts and therefore assumed to be a factor in their sustainability. This research seeks to identify socially responsible governance model that is committed to the promotion of a strategy which envisages conducting social responsibility practices to increases in organizational trust and reputation among students and employees of higher education institutions. Based on the qualitative research approach, there were case studies in two higher education institutions located in the Alentejo, making use of several sources of information: interviews with 45 respondents, between elements of governance, employees and students, document analysis and participant observation. As data processing technique was used content analysis by instrumental Atlas Ti. The results of empirical research identifying that the two higher education institutions have improved in terms of internal and external visibility, with respondents who report an improvement in confidence and reputation as a result of adherence to Social responsibility practices. The leader of one of the higher education institutions are recognized by their peers as high commitment to the principles of social responsibility while the other leader is not recognized in the same way. Students do not recognize advantages as a result of social responsibility practices both in terms of trust and organizational reputation.