894 resultados para Sho nen kyo go.
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This study makes an approach to the Morro Agudo Community (Cisterna) located in Catalo city(GO) rural area where stands the Maria Brbara Sucena Municipal School. This school center is a result of getting together several small and isolated schools, which worked, scattered in many rural communities in the region. After this centralization in a single school, many students had to move along inconvenient distance to get their classes. Morro Agudo Community (Cisterna) was outstanding at garlic cultivation throughout the 1990`s when eventually this activity came to a decline. The region is constituted by properties of small tract of land. The landowners come from a Portuguese background and there are, in addit ion, migrant workers from the northeast region of Brazil. These northeasterners work for these local landowners, and that brings an additional meaning to the social relations in the region and to the rural schooling. The social and cultural diversity of the region has a feedback at the school arising tensions in many ways. In the teaching and learning process the school deals with this diversity, combined with rules and goals that, in the end, delivers a geography teaching not able to value the local knowledge accumulated in the region by its own inhabitants. New methodological approaches to rural school communities emerged out of the analysis of these unmet expectations. Furthermore, this study takes into consideration some residues, that means not all events are fit into programs; there are unintended consequences in an open process. All these are object of deep review in this doctoral dissertation. In this community, an analysis of the public policies implemented by Federal and municipal governments to rural schools communities in Brazil was conducted. The way in which public policies toward rural communities are implemented at the schools was reviewed; the goals they pursue and the role played by textbooks are also object of analysis. This study questions the relevance of this tools, mainly if they meet the real needs of the local people. The social representations of teachers and students are considered carefully based on their everyday lives and experiences.
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Acknowledgements The research leading to these results has been funded by a Tandem Grant from the European Health Psychology Society/CREATE, awarded to the first and second author. The funder had no involvement in the study design, collection or analysis of data, writing the report, or the decision to submit this manuscript for publication.
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For this study, a research was conducted in order to answer the question "What chemistry teaching has been developed in the Youth and Adult Education (EJA) ?". The research provides an overview of the object to the proposed changes, leading students to live with different realities and investigating the issue of contextualization based on the daily lives of these students related to the subject of chemistry. The methodology focuses ethnographic research of the case study, in which a case is studied in depth using the participant observation. In the survey data a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach was used. The work involved 6 schools that offer adult education high school; 6 directors of these schools; 6 coordinators who work in adult education; 6 Chemistry teachers and 123 students of the EJA, level high school, enrolled in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th periods. The first stage of the research consisted of questionnaires in schools where everyone involved responded closed and open questions applied to each specific group. In the second stage two schools were selected in order to conduct a deeper knowledge of adult education through practical activities of Chemistry and subsequent interview conducted in groups with students. Three teachers were also interviewed to enable a deepening of issues relating to EJA and Chemistry Teaching. The interviews were analyzed by the technique of Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD). The main issues addressed in the questionnaires and interviews were on the school structure, reasons that lead students to drop out or remained in adult education and those who make the stay, the view of those involved of the importance of chemistry discipline for students of EJA and how this should be offered. It is necessary that we need to promote changes in the chemistry class and its activities, respecting the experiences and experience already gained by the student during his life story. Another factor to be highlighted is the need for ongoing training of teachers working in adult education. Note that your continued education is given more by the experience and the ways in which they try to overcome adverse situations. The Chemistry subject taught is not agree with the principles of EJA and practiced curriculum is just an adaptation or content reduction from the regular curriculum. The improvement in chemistry teaching of EJA will take place through a dialogue between those involved in the process, clearer educational policies and willingness to implement change. Thus the teaching of chemistry contribute to the students of the EJA are actually scientifically literate and integrated into society.
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Fachann an trchtas seo le solas a chaitheamh ar an amhrnaocht mar a chleachtat agus mar a chleactatear fs i gcontae Phort Lirge . Ardatear ann ceisteanna a bhaineann le seachadadh agus le sealbh na n-amhrn I measc an phobail i gceantar na nDise sa trimhse c.1750-1960, aimsir Shein Chlraigh go dt an r sin ina raibh Niocls Tibn, r-amhrna ireann, ar bhuaic a rime. Cuirtear spis anseo i bhfs agus i dteacht chun cinn an Rmnsachais agus (a leathchpla) an nisinachais ar Mhr-roinn na hEorpa in earr an 18 haois agus amach san 19 haois; ar thionchar na ngluaiseachta sin i bhfad bhaile ar irinn i gcoitinne san aimsir d; orthu sin a raibh dolama amhrn gcur in eagar acu in irinn san 19 agus amach san 20 haois; agus, ar deireadh, ar an str amhrn mar at le clos inniu I measc na ndaoine i nGaeltacht na Dise.
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The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) encodes the voltage-gated K+ channel, hERG (Kv11.1). This channel passes the rapidly-activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr), which is important for cardiac repolarization. A reduction in IKr due to loss-of-function mutations or drug interactions causes long QT syndrome (LQTS), which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The density of hERG channels in the plasma membrane is a key determinant of normal physiological function, and is balanced by trafficking to and from the cell surface. Many LQTS-associated hERG mutations result in a trafficking deficiency of otherwise functional channels. Thus, elucidating mechanisms of hERG regulation at the plasma membrane is useful for the prevention and treatment of LQTS. We previously demonstrated that M3 muscarinic receptor activation increases mature hERG expression through a Gq protein-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. In addition to conventional Gq protein-coupling, M3 receptors recruit -arrestins upon agonist binding. Traditionally known for their role in receptor desensitization and internalization, -arrestins also act as adaptor proteins to facilitate G protein-independent signaling. In the present work, I investigated the exclusive effect of -arrestin signaling on hERG expression by utilizing an arrestin-biased M3 designer receptor (M3D-arr) exclusively activated by clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). By expressing M3D-arr in hERG-HEK cells and treating with CNO under various conditions, I found that M3D-arr activation increased mature hERG expression and current. Within this paradigm, M3D-arr recruited -arrestin to the plasma membrane, and promoted the PI3K-dependent activation of Akt. I further found that the activated Akt acted through phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve) and Rab11 to facilitate endosomal recycling of hERG channels to the plasma membrane.
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Lobjectif de ce travail tait dapporter une rflexion sur les influences du colonialisme europen aux XVII-XVIIIe sicles. Ayant dj rdig mon mmoire de fin de matrise sur la Corinthe archaque et ses colonies, jai souhait approfondir la question, en choisissant de situer la problmatique dans un contexte historiographique plus large, dans le temps comme dans lespace. Plusieurs auteurs se sont intresss aux rceptions de lAntiquit des priodes spcifiques (Grell et Alexandre le Grand en France, Richard et les influences antiques de la Rvolution amricaine,). Cependant, aucune analyse sur le long terme navait encore t fournie, pas davantage quune rflexion de fonds sur la place de lAntiquit dans la manire de penser les colonies en Europe moderne. Cet tat de fait, de mme que la relative raret des sources modernes traitant des colonies grecques, mont oblig largir au maximum le champ de recherche, en y incluant des auteurs qui, sils ne se proccuprent pas de colonisation, recoururent nanmoins au prcdent grec pour illustrer des problmatiques de leur temps. Toutefois, il est possible de constater quel point les rpertoires historiographiques concernant la Grce antique et ses colonisations se sont dvelopps dans le courant de ces deux sicles qui virent lapoge et la chute des premiers empires coloniaux europens en Amrique du nord. Si la comparaison lHistoire grecque ne relevait souvent que du Topos et de la propagande (comme dans le cas de la comparaison du Grand Cond ou de Louis XIV Alexandre le Grand), son utilisation dans le cadre de controverses plus large chelle outrepassait aussi le seul lieu commun pour sinscrire dans un discours rhtorique plus approfondi. Le choix de la colonisation grecque comme modle de comparaison simposait dautant plus logiquement que les divers auteurs, depuis les premiers colons jusquaux pres fondateurs amricains, insistaient sur les mrites conomiques des colonies europennes. Dautres rgimes, comme lempire espagnol au XVIe sicle ou lempire britannique au XIXe sicle, ont davantage recouru une terminologie dinspiration romaine. En effet, leur politique se fondait plus sur lide dune extension imprialiste de ltat que sur une vision commerciale du colonialisme. Larticle de Krishan Kumar demeure lun des plus importants sur la question. La rception de lHistoire des colonies grecques aux Temps modernes fut avant tout le fruit dune tentative de dfinition du colonialisme comme phnomne global, et dune volont de situer les nations europennes dans un contexte remontant aux origines de lOccident. lheure o lEurope amorait sa domination sur la totalit de la plante, et o la course la colonisation sacclrait, la majorit des auteurs sabritaient derrire limage de thalassocraties antiques qui, si elles ne dnotaient pas un pouvoir politique centralis, nen contriburent pas moins imposer la culture fondatrice de la pense occidentale tout le bassin mditerranen. Quant aux guerres qui poussrent les puissances antiques les unes contre les autres, elles ne faisaient quaugurer des conflits large chelle que furent les guerres franco-britanniques du XVIIIe sicle.
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My thesis explores the formation of the subject in the novels of Faulkners Go Down, Moses, Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon, and Gloria Naylors Mama Day. I attach the concept of property in terms of how male protagonists are obsessed with materialistic ownership and with the subordination of women who, as properties, consolidate their manhood. The three novelists despite their racial, gendered, and literary differences share the view that identity and truth are mere social and cultural constructs. I incorporate the work of Judith Butler and other poststructuralist figures, who see identity as a matter of performance rather than a natural entity. My thesis explores the theme of freedom, which I attached to the ways characters use their bodies either to confine or to emancipate themselves from the restricting world of race, class, and gender. The three novelists deconstruct any system of belief that promulgates the objectivity of truth in historical documents. History in the three novels, as with the protagonists, perception of identity, remains a social construct laden with distortions to serve particular political or ideological agendas. My thesis gives voice to African American female characters who are associated with love and racial and gender resistance. They become the reservoirs of the African American legacy in terms of their association with the oral and intuitionist mode of knowing, which subverts the male characters obsession with property and with the mainstream empiricist world. In this dissertation, I use the concept of hybridity as a literary and theoretical devise that African-American writers employ. In effect, I embark on the postcolonial studies of Henry Louise Gates, Paul Gilroy, W. E. B Du Bois, James Clifford, and Arjun Appadurai in order to reflect upon the fluidity of Morrisons and Naylors works. I show how these two novelists subvert Faulkners essentialist perception of truth, and of racial and gendered identity. They associate the myth of the Flying African with the notion of hybridity by making their male protagonists criss-cross Northern and Southern regions. I refer to Mae Gwendolyn Hendersons article on Speaking in Tongues in my analysis of how Naylor subverts the patriarchal text of both Faulkner and Morrison in embarking on a more feminine version of the flying African, which she relates to an ex-slave, Sapphira Wade, a volatile female character who resists fixed claim over her story and identity. In dealing with the concept of hybridity, I show that Naylor rewrites both authors South by making Willow Springs a more fluid space, an assumption that unsettles the scores of critics who associate the island with authenticity and exclusive rootedness.
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v. 10, n. 1, p. 211-221, abr./2016.
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Imprimatur: Herman Molander.
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Nimisivulla mys: Kuwilla kaunistettu. Englannin kielest, wiidennen painoksen mukaan.
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Nimisivulla mys: Kuwilla kaunistettu. Englannin kielest, wiidennen painoksen mukaan.
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An increasingly older population will most likely lead to greater demands on the health care system, as older age is associated with an increased risk of having acute and chronic conditions. The number of diseases or disabilities is not the only marker of the amount of health care utilized, as persons may seek hospitalization without a disease and/or illness that requires hospital healthcare. Hospitalization may pose a severe risk to older persons, as exposure to the hospital environment may lead to increased risks of iatrogenic disorders, confusion, falls and nosocomial infections, i.e., disorders that may involve unnecessary suffering and lead to serious consequences. Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and explore individual trajectories of cognitive development in relation to hospitalization and risk factors for hospitalization among older persons living in different accommodations in Sweden and to explore older persons' reasons for being transferred to a hospital. Methods: The study designs were longitudinal, prospective and descriptive, and both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Specifically, latent growth curve modelling was used to assess the association of cognitive development with hospitalization. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyse factors associated with hospitalization risk overtime. In addition, an explorative descriptive design was used to explore how home health care patients experienced and perceived their decision to seek hospital care. Results: The most common reasons for hospitalization were cardiovascular diseases, which caused more than one-quarter of first hospitalizations among the persons living in ordinary housing and nursing home residents (NHRs). The persons who had been hospitalized had a lower mean level of cognitive performance in general cognition, verbal, spatial/fluid, memory and processing speed abilities compared to those who had not been hospitalized. Significantly steeper declines in general cognition, spatial/fluid and processing speed abilities were observed among the persons who had been hospitalized. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the number of diseases, number of drugs used, having experienced a fall and being assessed as malnourished according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment scale were related to an increased hospitalization risk among the NHRs. Among the older persons living in ordinary housing, the risk factors for hospitalization were related to marital status, i.e., unmarried persons and widows/widowers had a decreased hospitalization risk. In addition, among social factors, receipt of support from relatives was related to an increased hospitalization risk, while receipt of support from friends was related to a decreased risk. The number of illnesses was not associated with the hospitalization risk for older persons in any age group or for those of either sex, when controlling for other variables. The older persons who received home health care described different reasons for their decisions to seek hospital care. The underlying theme of the home health care patients perceptions of their transfer to a hospital involved trust in hospitals. This trust was shared by the home health care patients, their relatives and the home health care staff, according to the patients. Conclusions: This thesis revealed that middle-aged and older persons who had been hospitalized exhibited a steeper decline in cognition. Specifically, spatial/fluid, processing speed, and general cognitive abilities were affected. The steeper decline in cognition among those who had been hospitalized remained even after controlling for comorbidities. The most common causes of hospitalization among the older persons living in ordinary housing and in nursing homes were cardiovascular diseases, tumours and falls. Not only health-related factors, such as the number of diseases, number of drugs used, and being assessed as malnourished, but also social factors and marital status were related to the hospitalization risk among the older persons living in ordinary housing and in nursing homes. Some risk factors associated with hospitalization differed not only between the men and women but also among the different age groups. The information provided in this thesis could be applied in care settings by professionals who interact with older persons before they decide to seek hospital care. To meet the needs of an older population, health care systems need to offer the proper health care at the most appropriate level, and they need to increase integration and coordination among health care delivered by different care services.
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This essay focuses on the alienation experienced by Rusty-James in S.E. Hintons Rumble Fish (1975). It more specifically centers on the causes of his alienation and how the alienation is illustrated in the novel. The analysis shows that the alienation Rusty-James experiences is caused partly by socioeconomic factors; for example his lack of hope for the future is closely connected to the fact that he belongs to a low socioeconomic class. In addition, there are also psychological factors, for example a childhood trauma. The alienation and its causes are mainly illustrated through the symbolism of the featured Siamese fighting fish and how Rusty-James relationships are depicted.
