A Characterization of Varieties of Associative Algebras of Exponent two

���The first author was partially supported by MURST of Italy; the second author was par- tially supported by RFFI grant 99-01-00233.

M-Solid Subvarieties of some Varieties of Commutative Semigroups

��� The research of the author was supported by the Alexander v. Humboldt-Stiftung.

Equimultiple Locus of Embedded Algebroid Surfaces and Blowing���up in Characteristic Zero

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 14B05, 32S25.

Growth of some varieties of Leibniz-Poisson algebras

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 17A32, 17B63.

The handedness-associated PCSK6 locus spans an intronic promoter regulating novel transcripts

We recently reported the association of the PCSK6 gene with handedness through a quantitative genome-wide association study (GWAS; P < 0.5 �� 10(-8)) for a relative hand skill measure in individuals with dyslexia. PCSK6 activates Nodal, a morphogen involved in regulating left-right body axis determination. Therefore, the GWAS data suggest that the biology underlying the patterning of structural asymmetries may also contribute to behavioural laterality, e.g. handedness. The association is further supported by an independent study reporting a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) within the same PCSK6 locus to be associated with degree of handedness in a general population cohort. Here, we have conducted a functional analysis of the PCSK6 locus combining further genetic analysis, in silico predictions and molecular assays. We have shown that the previous GWAS signal was not tagging a VNTR effect, suggesting that the two markers have independent effects. We demonstrated experimentally that one of the top GWAS-associated markers, rs11855145, directly alters the binding site for a nuclear factor. Furthermore, we have shown that the predicted regulatory region adjacent to rs11855415 acts as a bidirectional promoter controlling the expression of novel RNA transcripts. These include both an antisense long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and a short PCSK6 isoform predicted to be coding. This is the first molecular characterization of a handedness-associated locus that supports the role of common variants in non-coding sequences in influencing complex phenotypes through gene expression regulation.

A ���kivonul��s, tiltakoz��s, h��s��g��� koncepci�� ��s a ���kapitalizmus v��ltozatai��� elm��let k��zti kapcsolat (The connection between the ���Exit, Voice, and Loyalty��� conception and the ���Varieties of Capitalism��� theory)

Tanulm��nyunkban az Albert 0. Hirschman ��ltal kialak��tott ���kivonul��s, tiltakoz��s, h��s��g��� koncepci�� metaelm��leti felhaszn��l��s��val a ���kapitalizmus v��ltozatai��� elm��letet vessz��k b��r��lat al��. Egyr��szt arra mutatunk r��, hogy m��r a k��l��nb��z�� piacgazdas��gi modellek tipologiz��l��s��hoz haszn��lt v��llalatelm��leti dimenzi��j�� elemz��sek is ��p��tkeznek a Hirschman-trilemm��b��l, m��sr��szt arra h��vjuk fel a figyelmet, hogy olyan saj��tos eszk��zr��l van sz��, amely a t��ke- ��s munkaer��-piaci folyamatok elemz��s��re t��maszkodva ��j perspekt��v��t is k��n��l a kapitalista gazdas��gok komparat��v vizsg��lat��hoz. A dolgozat terjedelmi okokb��l az empirikus kutat��sokat megalapoz�� elm��leti alapoz��sra szor��tkozik. ____ In our study we deal with the critical analysis of the ���varieties of capitalism��� theory by using the ���exit, voice, and loyalty��� meta-theory invented by Albert O. Hirschman. The paper emphasizes that on the one hand the analyses of the theory of the firm and business used for the classification of distinct market models are also building upon the ���Hirschman trilemma���, and on the other hand, it draws attention to the fact that the Hirschmanian method based on labor market and capital market offers a new perspective for the comparative analysis of capitalist economies. The focus of the article is only the theoretical foundation of empirical studies as a result of limitation of scope.

Microvariation at the human D1S80 locus

Microvariant allelic polymorphisms have been known since 1966 when Harris, Hubby and Lewontin described the huge store of genetic variation detectable at the polypeptide level. Later Jeffreys used MVR (minisatellite variant repeat) analysis to describe the variation hidden within minisatellite VNTRs and to propose a mutational mechanism.^ The questions I have asked follow these traditions: (1) How much microvariant polymorphism exists at the discrete allele minisatellite D1S80 locus? (2) Do alleles or groups of alleles associate randomly with the flanking markers to form haplotypes? (3) What mechanisms might explain mutations at this locus? What are the phylogenetic relationships among the alleles?^ The minisatellite locus D1S80 (1p35-36), GenBank sequence (Accession # D28507), is a highly polymorphic Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) based on a 16 base core. D1S80 alleles are electrophoretically separable into discontinuous sets of equivalent length alleles. Sequence variation or minor length variation within these classes was expected: I have sought to determine the nature of this microvariant heterogeneity by sequencing nominal and variant alleles.^ Alleles were analyzed by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Sequences were determined to ascertain whether sequence variation or size variation is the major cause of altered electrophoretic migration of microvariant D1S80 alleles. Twenty three alleles from 14 previously typed individuals were sequenced. The individuals were from African American, Caucasian, or Hispanic databases.^ A Tsp509 I restriction site, previously reported as a Hinf I flanking polymorphism, and a 3$\sp\prime$ flanking region BsoF I restriction site polymorphism were identified. There appears to be a strong association of the 5$\sp\prime$ flanking region Hinf I(+) and Tsp509 I(-) site and the 3$\sp\prime$ flanking region BsoF I(-) site with the 18 allele, while the 24 tends to be associated with the Hinf I(-), Tsp509 I(+) and BsoF I(+) sites.^ The general conclusion for this locus is clearly the closer you look, the more you find. D1S80 allelic polymorphisms are primarily due to variation in the number of repeat units and to sequence variation among repeats. The sequenced based gene tree depicts two major classes of alleles which conform to the two most common alleles, reflecting either equivalent age or population size bottlenecks. ^

Molecular phylogenetics of the palm tribe Geonomeae, and differentiation of Geonoma macrostachys western Amazonian varieties

Phylogenetic analyses were performed on six genera and 46 species of the Neotropical palm tribe Geonomeae. The analyses were based on two low copy nuclear DNA sequences from the genes encoding phosphoribulokinase and RNA polymerase II. The basal node of the tribe was polytomous. Pholidostachys formed a monophyletic group. The currently accepted genera Calyptronoma and Calyptrogyne formed a well-supported clade with Calyptronoma resolved as paraphyletic to Calyptrogyne. Geonoma formed a strongly supported monophyletic group consisting of two main clades. ^ An evaluation of the genetic distinctness between Geonoma macrostachys varieties at a local and regional scale using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers was performed. Clustering, ordination, and AMOVA suggested a lack of genetic distinctness between varieties at the regional level. A hierarchical AMOVA revealed that the genetic diversity mainly lies among the four localities sampled. A significant genetic differentiation between sympatric varieties occurred in one locality only. The current taxonomy of G. macrostachys, which recognizes only one species, was therefore supported. ^ The preferred habitat of sympatric G. macrostachys varieties with respect to edaphic, topographic, and light factors in three Peruvian lowland forests was studied. The two varieties were mostly encountered in different physiographically defined habitats, with variety acaulis occurring more often in floodplain forest and variety macrostachys in the tierra firme. Comparison of means tests revealed that nine to eleven of the 16 environmental variables were significantly different between varieties. Edaphic factors, mainly soil texture and K content, were better contributors than light conditions to distinguish the habitats occupied by the two varieties in all three study sites. It is concluded that habitat differentiation plays a role in the coexistence of these closely related species taxa. ^

Mutation at the Human D1S80 Minisatellite Locus

Little is known about the general biology of minisatellites. The purpose of this study is to examine repeat mutations from the D1S80 minisatellite locus by sequence analysis to elucidate the mutational process at this locus. This is a highly polymorphic minisatellite locus, located in the subtelomeric region of chromosome 1. We have analyzed 90,000 human germline transmission events and found seven (7) mutations at this locus. The D1S80 alleles of the parentage trio, the child, mother, and the alleged father were sequenced and the origin of the mutation was determined. Using American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) guidelines, we found a male mutation rate of 1 . 0 4 �� 1 0��� 4 and a female mutation rate of 5 . 1 8 �� 1 0��� 5 with an overall mutation rate of approximately 7 . 7 7 �� 1 0��� 5. Also, in this study, we found that the identified mutations are in close proximity to the center of the repeat array rather than at the ends of the repeat array. Several studies have examined the mutational mechanisms of the minisatellites according to infinite allele model (IAM) and the one-step stepwise mutation model (SMM). In this study, we found that this locus fits into the one-step mutation model (SMM) mechanism in six out of seven instances similar to STR loci.

Social-cognitive antecedents of ambidextrous orientation in family-owned startups: The role of family ties, achievement motivation, and internal locus of control

Regulatory Focus Theory predicts that the motivation to self-regulate goal-directed thought and behavior depends on two distinct regulation strategies: a promotion focus based on attaining gains and a prevention focus based on avoiding losses. This study took a social-cognitive approach predicting that regulatory focus has an impact on how family startups (several family related founders) explore "new ideas", exploit "old certainties" and achieve the balance of both (ambidexterity), compared to lone founder startups (only one founder present). It was proposed that the social context of family ties among founders leads them to a prevention focus concerned with avoiding the loss of the socio-emotional benefits of those ties. In order to avoid such a loss, family founders were expected to increase their risk perceptions and thus, explore less than lone founders, who lack such socio-emotional ties. It was also proposed that two commonly used psychological traits in entrepreneurship research ���achievement motivation and internal locus of control, predispose entrepreneurs to a promotion focus. Founders with a promotion focus, in turn, were hypothesized to lead startups to more risk-seeking behaviors and to more explorative orientation. The previous argument was used as a springboard to derive hypotheses about ambidexterity (the ability to exploit and explore simultaneously) and survival hazards. Using Regulatory Focus Theory, exploitative orientation, conceptualized as the motivational strength to continue on previous paths of action, was hypothesized to be not significantly different from that of lone founder startups. Taking previous arguments together, lone founder startups were hypothesized to be more ambidextrous than family startups. Finally, ambidexterity and internal locus of control were hypothesized to reduce survival hazards in family startups. The findings suggested that family startups explore less than lone founder startups even after controlling for group effects. Interesting but contradictory findings revealed that internal locus of control have both a positive direct effect and a positive interaction that increases the explorative and ambidextrous orientation gap of family startups over lone founder startups. As expected, ambidexterity and internal locus of control reduced survival hazards on family startups. Implications for practitioners were derived based on a sample of 470 nascent entrepreneurs.

Pol��tica de forma����o de professores: varia����o do locus de forma����o e a experi��ncia do CEFET-RN

The present article discusses the directives of the policies of the initial teachers��� formation introduced in Brazil in the 1990���s. These directives have brought new directions and demands, both to the formation institutions and to teachers��� formation. This work analyzes the enlargement and the variation of the formation locus, a topic criticized by the teaching educators for enabling different and flexible models which have taken to a more technical and instrumental formation to the detriment of a theoretical and practical solid formation. In a general way, the study reveals that the CEFET���s use as a space of teachers��� formation has given priority to the quantitative aspects, the optimization of the resources and the instrumentation of the educators��� formation, even though under the speech of the quality of the educational process. Differently, the operationalization of this policy at CEFET-RN has favored a formative model, which has joined research, extension and teaching, guaranteeing the specificity of a solid formation, as well as the articulation between theory and practice and the sense of investigation, necessary characteristics to the formation of a devoted educator with the quality of public education.

Multi-locus barcoding confirms the occurrence of Elegant Tern in Western Europe

Peer reviewed

Analyse d'un locus pour trait quantitatif pour l'hypertension sur le chromosome 10 du rat Dahl

M��moire num��ris�� par la Direction des biblioth��ques de l'Universit�� de Montr��al.

Localisation d'un locus pour trait quantitatif pour l'hypertension sur les chromosomes 16 et 17 du rat Dahl Salt-Sensitive

M��moire num��ris�� par la Direction des biblioth��ques de l'Universit�� de Montr��al.

��tude de l'influence du facteur de transcription EKLF sur la r��gulation ��pig��n��tique du locus de la [B��ta]-globine humaine lors de l'h��matopo����se

M��moire num��ris�� par la Direction des biblioth��ques de l'Universit�� de Montr��al.