Tecnologias de producao de soja - Regiao Central do Brasil - 2001/2002.

Perspectiva de crescimento da producao de soja no Mato Grosso frente a politica de subsidios dos Estados Unidos; Exigencias climaticas; Rotacao de culturas; Manejo do solo; Correcao e manutencao da fertilidade do solo; Cultivares; Cuidados na aquisicao e na utilizacao de semente; Tratamento de sementes com fungicidas; Inoculacao das sementes com Bradyrhizobium; Instalacao de lavoura; Controle de plantas daninhas; Manejo de pragas; Doencas e medidas de controle; Retencao foliar (haste verde); Colheita; Tecnologia de sementes.

Tecnologias de produção de soja - Paraná - 2001/2002.

Perspectiva de crescimento da produção de soja no Mato Grosso frente a política de subsídios dos Estados Unidos; Exigências climáticas; Rotação de culturas; Manejo do solo; Correção e manutenção da fertilidade do solo; Cultivares; Cuidados na aquisição e na utilização de sementes; Tratamento de sementes com fungicidas; Inoculação das sementes com Bradyrhizobium; Instalação de lavoura; Controle de plantas daninhas; Manejo de pragas; Doenças e medidas de controle; Retenção foliar (haste verde); Colheita; Tecnologia de sementes.

Fluxo de gases-traco de efeito estufa na interface solo/atmosfera em solos de cerrado (2001).

A contribuicao da agricultura para as emissoes de gases de efeito estufa tem sido discutida em varios estudos. No que se refere as emissoes de CH4 (metano) e N2O (oxido nitroso), tem sido demostrado que a contribuicao dela esta em torno de 65% e 90% do total das emissoes antropogenicas respectivamente. O metano e produzido pela decomposicao anaerobica da materia organica no solo, queima de residuos e fermentacao de ruminantes. O cosumo desse gas ocorre pela oxidacao de radicais OH na troposfera e por oxidacao microbiologica no solo. O oxido nitroso e igualmente distribuido na troposfera e apresenta um tempo de resistencia bem maior do que o metano. Esse gas e produzido nos solos por processos biologicos e não-bioloicos, a partir de tranformacoes microbianas de nitrogenio inorganico nos solos, sendo a denitrifigacao e a nitrifigacao, os processos microbiologicos que mais contribuem para a emissao de N2O. A conversao de floresta para o uso agricola tem sido indicado como causador do aumento no fluxos de N2O, no entanto, neste estudo, em areas de Cerrado, emissoes muito reduzidas foram medidas. A capacidade de solos da Regiao do Cerrado consumir CH4 foi demostrada neste estudo. Embora tenha sido observada uma variacao sazonal dos fluxos, em nenhum periodo foi medida emissao desse gas, mesmo durante o periodo chuvoso. A possível reducao nas taxas de oxidacao de metano como resultado do aumento de fontes nitrogenadas em areas cultivadas, indicada por trabalhos anteriores, não e verificada pelo estudo.

Statistical Evaluation of the Predictive Toxicology Challenge 2000-2001

Toivonen, H., Srinivasan, A., King, R. D., Kramer, S. and Helma, C. (2003) Statistical Evaluation of the Predictive Toxicology Challenge 2000-2001. Bioinformatics 19: 1183-1193

Data Retention and the War against Terrorism : A considered and proportionate response?

'Data retention and the war against terrorism - a considered and proportionate response'. Journal of Information Law & Technology 2004 (3) RAE2008

Terrorism, Charities and Diasporas: Contrasting the fundraising practices of Hamas and al Qaeda among Muslims in Europe

Gunning, Jeroen. 'Terrorism, Charities and Diasporas: Contrasting the fundraising practices of Hamas and al Qaeda among Muslims in Europe', In: Countering the Financing of Terrorism (New York: Routledge, 2007), pp.93-125 RAE2008

Welsh Reflections: Y Drych and America 1851-2001

Jones, A. and Jones, W. (2001). Welsh Reflections: Y Drych and America 1851-2001. Llandysul: Gomer Press. RAE2008

Redefining military memorials and commemoration and how they have changed since the 19th century with a focus on Anglo-American practice

This thesis is a study of military memorials and commemoration with a focus on Anglo-American practice. The main question is: How has history defined military memorials and commemoration and how have they changed since the 19th century. In an effort to resolve this, the work examines both historic and contemporary forms of memorials and commemoration and establishes that remembrance in sites of collective memory has been influenced by politics, conflicts and religion. Much has been written since the Great War about remembrance and memorialization; however, there is no common lexicon throughout the literature. In order to better explain and understand this complex subject, the work includes an up-to-date literature review and for the first time, terminologies are properly explained and defined. Particular attention is placed on recognizing important military legacies, being familiar with spiritual influences and identifying classic and new signs of remembrance. The thesis contends that commemoration is composed of three key principles – recognition, respect and reflection – that are intractably linked to the fabric of memorials. It also argues that it is time for the study of memorials to come of age and proposes Memorialogy as an interdisciplinary field of study of memorials and associated commemorative practices. Moreover, a more modern, adaptive, General Classification System is presented as a means of identifying and re-defining memorials according to certain groups, types and forms. Lastly, this thesis examines how peacekeeping and peace support operations are being memorialized and how the American tragic events of 11 September 2001 and the war in Afghanistan have forever changed the nature of memorials and commemoration within Canada and elsewhere. This work goes beyond what has been studied and written about over the last century and provides a deeper level of analysis and a fresh approach to understanding the field of Memorialogy.

Invasive fungal infections among organ transplant recipients: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET).

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among organ transplant recipients. Multicenter prospective surveillance data to determine disease burden and secular trends are lacking. METHODS: The Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) is a consortium of 23 US transplant centers, including 15 that contributed to the organ transplant recipient dataset. We prospectively identified IFIs among organ transplant recipients from March, 2001 through March, 2006 at these sites. To explore trends, we calculated the 12-month cumulative incidence among 9 sequential cohorts. RESULTS: During the surveillance period, 1208 IFIs were identified among 1063 organ transplant recipients. The most common IFIs were invasive candidiasis (53%), invasive aspergillosis (19%), cryptococcosis (8%), non-Aspergillus molds (8%), endemic fungi (5%), and zygomycosis (2%). Median time to onset of candidiasis, aspergillosis, and cryptococcosis was 103, 184, and 575 days, respectively. Among a cohort of 16,808 patients who underwent transplantation between March 2001 and September 2005 and were followed through March 2006, a total of 729 IFIs were reported among 633 persons. One-year cumulative incidences of the first IFI were 11.6%, 8.6%, 4.7%, 4.0%, 3.4%, and 1.3% for small bowel, lung, liver, heart, pancreas, and kidney transplant recipients, respectively. One-year incidence was highest for invasive candidiasis (1.95%) and aspergillosis (0.65%). Trend analysis showed a slight increase in cumulative incidence from 2002 to 2005. CONCLUSIONS: We detected a slight increase in IFIs during the surveillance period. These data provide important insights into the timing and incidence of IFIs among organ transplant recipients, which can help to focus effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, 2001-2006: overview of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) Database.

BACKGROUND: The incidence and epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), a leading cause of death among hematopoeitic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, are derived mainly from single-institution retrospective studies. METHODS: The Transplant Associated Infections Surveillance Network, a network of 23 US transplant centers, prospectively enrolled HSCT recipients with proven and probable IFIs occurring between March 2001 and March 2006. We collected denominator data on all HSCTs preformed at each site and clinical, diagnostic, and outcome information for each IFI case. To estimate trends in IFI, we calculated the 12-month cumulative incidence among 9 sequential subcohorts. RESULTS: We identified 983 IFIs among 875 HSCT recipients. The median age of the patients was 49 years; 60% were male. Invasive aspergillosis (43%), invasive candidiasis (28%), and zygomycosis (8%) were the most common IFIs. Fifty-nine percent and 61% of IFIs were recognized within 60 days of neutropenia and graft-versus-host disease, respectively. Median onset of candidiasis and aspergillosis after HSCT was 61 days and 99 days, respectively. Within a cohort of 16,200 HSCT recipients who received their first transplants between March 2001 and September 2005 and were followed up through March 2006, we identified 718 IFIs in 639 persons. Twelve-month cumulative incidences, based on the first IFI, were 7.7 cases per 100 transplants for matched unrelated allogeneic, 8.1 cases per 100 transplants for mismatched-related allogeneic, 5.8 cases per 100 transplants for matched-related allogeneic, and 1.2 cases per 100 transplants for autologous HSCT. CONCLUSIONS: In this national prospective surveillance study of IFIs in HSCT recipients, the cumulative incidence was highest for aspergillosis, followed by candidiasis. Understanding the epidemiologic trends and burden of IFIs may lead to improved management strategies and study design.

2001: el año Cournot

Durante la noche del día 23 de noviembre de 1654, aproximadamente entre las diez y media y las doce y media de la noche, experimentó Pascal una especie de éxtasis religioso que lo impulsó a abandonar la matemática para dedicarse a la teología. Afortunadamente, una noche de 1658 en que un dolor de muelas u otra dolencia le impedía dormir, decidió dedicarse al estudio de la cicloide. Milagrosamente el dolor cesó, lo que interpretó Pascal como un signo de que el estudio de la matemática agradaba a Dios.

Across the bridge: CLEF 2001 - Non-English monolingual retrieval. The French task.

This paper presents work on document retrieval based on first time participation in the CLEF 2001 monolingual retrieval task using French. The experiment findings indicated that Okapi, the text retrieval system in use, can successfully be used for non-English text retrieval. A lot of internal pre-processing is required in the basic search system for conversion into Okapi access formats. Various shell scripts were written to achieve the conversion in a UNIX environment, failure of which would significantly have impeded the overall performance. Based on the experiment findings using Okapi - originally designed for English - it was clear that, although most European languages share conventional word boundaries and variant word morphemes formed by the additon of suffixes, there is significant difference between French and English retrieval depending on the adaptation of indexing and search strategies in use. No sophisticated method for higher recall and precision such as stemming techniques, phrase translation or de-compounding was employed for the experiment and our results were suggestively poor. Future participation would include more refined query translation tools.

A preliminary investigation of the evacuation of the WTC North Tower using computer simulation

This paper concerns a preliminary numerical simulation study of the evacuation of the World Trade Centre North Tower on 11 September 2001 using the buildingEXODUS evacuation simulation software. The analysis makes use of response time data derived from a study of survivor accounts appearing in the public domain. While exact geometric details of the building were not available for this study, the building geometry was approximated from descriptions available in the public domain. The study attempts to reproduce the events of 11 September 2001 and pursue several ‘what if’ questions concerning the evacuation. In particular, the study explores the likely outcome had a single staircase survived in tact from top to bottom.

Investigating the impact of occupant response time on computer simulations of the WTC North Tower evacuation

This work explores the impact of response time distributions on high-rise building evacuation. The analysis utilises response times extracted from printed accounts and interviews of evacuees from the WTC North Tower evacuation of 11 September 2001. Evacuation simulations produced using these “real” response time distributions are compared with simulations produced using instant and engineering response time distributions. Results suggest that while typical engineering approximations to the response time distribution may produce reasonable evacuation times for up to 90% of the building population, using this approach may underestimate total evacuation times by as much as 61%. These observations are applicable to situations involving large high-rise buildings in which travel times are generally expected to be greater than response times

Approximating the evacuation of the World Trade Center North Tower using computer simulation

This article concerns an investigation of the full scale evacuation of a building with a configuration similar to that of the World Trade Center (WTC) North Tower using computer simulation. A range of evacuation scenarios is explored in order to better understand the evacuation of the WTC on 11 September 2001. The analysis makes use of response time data derived from a study of published WTC survivor accounts. Geometric details of the building are obtained from architects' plans while the total building population used in the scenarios is based on estimates produced by the National Institute of Standards and Technology formal investigation into the evacuation. This paper attempts to approximate the events of 11 September 2001 and pursue several `what if' questions concerning the evacuation. In particular, the study explores the likely outcome had a single staircase survived intact from top to bottom. More generally, this paper explores issues associated with the practical limits of building size that can be expected to be efficiently evacuated using stairs alone.