El territorio usado en Milton Santos y la inteligencia territorial en el GDRI INTI : Iniciativas y perspectivas

El territorio usado en Milton Santos es un macro-concepto de notable riqueza y polisemia, y a la vez base, en las próximas décadas, en la construcción de un status científico con escasos precedentes en la Teoría del Territorio. La inteligencia territorial en el GDRI INTI es un macro-concepto en formación y desarrollo en Europay en América Latina, con una capacidad notable de articulación entre Teorías Sociales, Territoriales y de la Transformación al servicio de un campo científico multidisciplinar con gran futuro. Por génesis y desarrollo, territorio usado e inteligencia territorial se inscriben en el denominado paradigma emergente en las ciencias (de Sousa, 2009). Traducción mediante con los sujetos del objeto ¿En qué medida cosas y relaciones juntas, materializadas en técnicas, resignificadas en acontecimientos y sujetas a relaciones de poder no sólo son explanans y explanandum de cualquier territorio usado, sino que pueden constituir base para la co-construcción de territorios bien usados y/o mejor usados mediante las difíciles interfaces de conocimientos (Long, 2007) y ecologías de saberes (de Sousa, op.cit.)? Este interrogante dispara la hipótesis de este trabajo: su intento por responderlo se trabaja interpretando proyectos de Inteligencia Territorial concretos en América Latina y Europa hace poco más de tres años

El problema del idioma nacional : Del Santos Vega a la Guerra Gaucha

Una de los efectos de la modernización fue la emergencia de un público urbano y el consecuente desarrollo de géneros menores vinculados con la novela por entregas y con las fórmulas estilizadas de la poesía gauchesca. De esta manera, el problema suscitado por el tipo de lengua que debe ser el modelo de la lengua de la literatura puede ser entendido como parte de la reacción de la élite intelectual frente al denominado criollismo-moreirismo. Este trabajo indagará los diferentes matices de esta reacción de la élite letrada en El problema del idioma nacional y El criollismo en la literatura argentina de Ernesto Quesada, las poesías de Rafael Obligado y La Guerra Gaucha de Leopoldo Lugones. Se insistirá más que nada en las diversas soluciones al problema de la lengua literaria y el idioma nacional, suscitado justamente por la contaminación de la lengua oral.

El territorio usado en Milton Santos y la inteligencia territorial en el GDRI INTI : Iniciativas y perspectivas

El territorio usado en Milton Santos es un macro-concepto de notable riqueza y polisemia, y a la vez base, en las próximas décadas, en la construcción de un status científico con escasos precedentes en la Teoría del Territorio. La inteligencia territorial en el GDRI INTI es un macro-concepto en formación y desarrollo en Europay en América Latina, con una capacidad notable de articulación entre Teorías Sociales, Territoriales y de la Transformación al servicio de un campo científico multidisciplinar con gran futuro. Por génesis y desarrollo, territorio usado e inteligencia territorial se inscriben en el denominado paradigma emergente en las ciencias (de Sousa, 2009). Traducción mediante con los sujetos del objeto ¿En qué medida cosas y relaciones juntas, materializadas en técnicas, resignificadas en acontecimientos y sujetas a relaciones de poder no sólo son explanans y explanandum de cualquier territorio usado, sino que pueden constituir base para la co-construcción de territorios bien usados y/o mejor usados mediante las difíciles interfaces de conocimientos (Long, 2007) y ecologías de saberes (de Sousa, op.cit.)? Este interrogante dispara la hipótesis de este trabajo: su intento por responderlo se trabaja interpretando proyectos de Inteligencia Territorial concretos en América Latina y Europa hace poco más de tres años

Concentrations of organic compounds in suspended matter from surface waters and surface layer bottom sediments of the Obskay Guba (Ob River estuary) and the Kara Sea

Data are presented on concentrations of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (AHC and PAH) in interstitial waters and bottom sediments of the Kara Sea compared to distribution of particulate matter and organic carbon. It was found that AHC concentrations within the water mass (aver. 16 µg/l) are mainly formed by natural processes. Distribution of AHC represents variability of hydrological and sedimentation processes in different regions of the sea. The widest ranges of the concentrations occurred in the Obskaya Guba - Kara Sea section: in water (10-310 µg/l for AHC and 0.4-7.2 ng/l for PAH) and in the surface layer of the bottom sediments (8-42 µg/l for AHC and 9-94 ng/g for PAH). Differentiation of hydrocarbons (HC) in different media follows regularities typical for marginal filters; therefore no oil and pyrogenic compounds are supplied to the open sea. In sediments contents of HC depend on variations in redox conditions in sediments and on their composition.

Composition of surface layer bottom sediments from the Kem' River estuary, White Sea

Based on grain-size, mineralogical and chemical analyses of samples collected in cruises of R/V Ekolog (Institute of Northern Water Problems, Karelian Research Centre of RAS, Petrozavodsk) in 2001 and 2003 regularities of chemical element distribution in surface layer bottom sediments of the Kem' River Estuary in the White Sea were studied. For some toxic elements labile and refractory forms were determined. Correlation analysis was carried out and ratios Me/Al were calculated as proxies of terrigenous contribution. Distribution of such elements as Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ti was revealed to be influenced by natural factors, mainly by grain size composition of bottom sediments. These metals have a tendency for accumulation in fine-grained sediments with elevated organic carbon contents. Distribution of Ni is different from one of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ti. An assumption was made that these distinctions were caused by anthropogenic influence.

Zoobenthos and oceanographical parameters in the Kemskaya Guba (Bay) - estuary of the Kem' River entering the Onega Bay, White Sea

Data on distribution of zoobenthos in the Kemskaya Guba (or Kemskaya Bay - the estuary of the Kem' River entering the Onega Bay of the White Sea), which is strongly influenced by river runoff, are presented. The number of species at sampling stations varied from 4 to 65. Density of communities and zoobenthos biomass varied from 342±68 to 4293±96 #/m**2 and from 0.418±0.081 to 1975.22±494.36 g/m**2, respectively. Shannon index values varied between 1.19 to 4.7 bit/ind. At the upper part of the estuary, detritivores dominated, while in the central part and at outlets sestonophages prevailed. Changes in quantitative parameters of the zoobenthos along gradient of water salinity were traced, and relations of these parameters with seven other environmental factors were revealed. It was found that species composition, biodiversity, and trophic structure of the zoobenthos significantly correlated with some of parameters mentioned above. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess combined effect of factors, and it revealed which of them played a determining role in Kemskaya Guba: for species composition - depth, water color, and total concentration of suspended matter; for number of species - contents of <0.01 mm grain size (pelite) fraction and organic carbon in bottom sediments. Biomass depended on water salinity, water chromaticity, and organic carbon contents in bottom sediments and suspended matter. Values of the Shannon index of diversity are determined by water color, and contents of organic carbon and pelite fraction in bottom sediments. Calculations of ecological stress values revealed two zones with unstable state of the zoobenthos.

Neodymium isotopic data, radiocarbon dates and calibrated ages of sediment samples off the La Plata Estuary, southeastern South America

The continental margin off the La Plata Estuary (SE South America) is characterized by high fluvial sediment supply and strong ocean currents. High-resolution sediment-acoustic data combined with sedimentary facies analysis, AMS-14C ages, and neodymium isotopic data allowed us to reconstruct late Quaternary sedimentary dynamics in relation to the two major sediment sources, the La Plata Estuary and the Argentine margin. Sediments from these two provinces show completely different dispersal patterns. We show that the northward-trending La Plata paleo-valley was the sole transit path for the huge volumes of fluvial material during lower sea levels. In contrast, material from the Argentine margin sector was transported northwards by the strong current system. Despite the large sediment volumes supplied by both sources, wide parts of the shelf were characterized by either persistent non-deposition or local short-term depocenter formation. The location and formation history of these depocenters were primarily controlled by the interplay of sea level with current strength and local morphology. The high sediment supply was of secondary importance to the stratigraphic construction, though locally resulting in high sedimentation rates. Thus, the shelf system off the La Plata Estuary can be considered as a hydrodynamic-controlled end-member.

Chemical composition of waters, suspended matter, bottom sediments, and benthic organisms along a section from the Ob River estuary (Obskaya Guba) to the central Kara Sea

Biogeochemical behavior of a group of heavy metals and metalloids in water (including their dissolved and suspended particulate forms), bottom sediments, and zoobenthos was studied in the Ob River estuary (Obskaya Guba) - Kara Sea section on the basis of data obtained during Cruise 54 of R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in September-October 2007. Changes in ratios of dissolved and particulate forms of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and As were shown, as well as growth of adsorbed fractions of the elements in near-bottom suspended matter under mixing of riverine and marine waters. Features of chemical element accumulation in typical benthic organisms of the Obskaya Guba and the Kara Sea were revealed, and their concentrating factors were calculated based on specific conditions of the environment. It was shown that shells of bivalves possessing higher biomass compared to other groups of organisms in the Obskaya Guba play an important role in deposition of heavy metals. In the Obskaya Guba mollusks accumulate Cd and Pb at the background level, whereas Cu and Zn contents appear to be higher than the background level.

Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in surface sediments of the Elbe estuary

Two foraminiferal assemblages are observed in surface sediments of the Elbe estuarv. an Elphidium excavatum assemblaae and an Ahmonia/Protelphidium assemblage. They are the result of test-size sorting in accordance to the grain size of the sediments. These assemblages of mainly empty tests differ basically from the living population, which is dominated exclusively by E. excavatum. The average test size is decreasing when advancing from the Open sea into the estuary and the living fauna disappears near the entrance of the Kiel Canal. In the dead assemblage the diversity is distinctively higher and the average test size varies with the grain size of the sediment. The assemblages found in plankton tows are nearly identical with those in corresponding bottom samples. This indicates the distribution pattern to be caused by transport in currents (mainly in suspension). This type of foraminiferal assemblages characterize macro- and mesotidal estuaries and might indicate a high tidal range when observed in sediments of fossil estuaries.