Unravelling the migration decision-making process: English early retirees moving to rural mid-Wales

There are established migrant reasons to explain rural in-migration. These include quality of life, rural idyll and lifestyle motivations. However, such one-dimensional sound bites portray rural in-migration in overly simplistic and stereotypical terms. In contrast, this paper distinguishes the decision to move from the reason for moving and in doing so sheds new light on the interconnections between different domains (family, work, finance, health) of the migrant's life which contribute to migration behaviour. Focussing on early retirees to mid-Wales and adopting a life course perspective the overall decision to move is disaggregated into a series of decisions. Giving voices to the migrants themselves demonstrates the combination of life events necessary to lead to migration behaviour, the variable factors (and often economic dominance) considered in the choice of destination (including that many are reluctant migrants to Wales), and the perceived 'accidental' choice of location and/or property. It is argued that quality of life, rural idyll and lifestyle sound bites offer an inadequate understanding of rural in-migration and associated decision-making processes. Moreover, they disguise the true nature of migrant decision making.

Julien Macho et sa contribution à la vie culturelle de Lyon

Cette thèse veut déterminer la contribution de Julien Macho, membre de l’Ordre des ermites de saint Augustin de Lyon, à la vie culturelle de son époque. Son œuvre n’est pas, à proprement parler, une œuvre originale, mais un ensemble de traductions du latin au français, de corrections et d’éditions de textes religieux ou moraux. Ses livres ont été publiés dans une courte période, entre 1473 et 1480, et plusieurs rééditions, de la fin du 15e s. et du début du 16e s., sont connues. Il est question, à cette époque, à Lyon comme ailleurs en France, d’un grand désordre dans l’organisation religieuse et les critiques se font entendre de part et d’autre du pays. Devant la décadence de l’Église, la piété privée commence à se développer, une piété qui a besoin d’un nouveau support pour rendre accessibles les enseignements moraux à une population bourgeoise de plus en plus lettrée. Or, conscient de ces récents développements, Macho oriente tout son travail dans le but précis de rejoindre, en langue vernaculaire, un vaste auditoire. L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat est d’analyser une partie de l’œuvre de Macho dans le but de mieux comprendre les intentions de l’auteur. Ce but premier permettra aussi de documenter, par un biais nouveau, une période charnière du développement intellectuel occidental, le passage du Moyen Âge à la Renaissance. Le travail comporte trois parties. Dans la première partie, il a fallu entreprendre une étude approfondie des contextes social, historique et intellectuel de cette période : tout d’abord, l’histoire de l’Ordre des ermites de saint Augustin et de l’enseignement offert à leurs membres, dans le contexte de la spiritualité en France à la fin du 15e siècle; par la suite, il convenait de présenter un survol de la ville de Lyon, de son Église et du développement de l’imprimerie dans cette ville. La deuxième partie porte sur les œuvres attribuées, à tort ou à raison, à Macho, vu la carence de recherches sur Julien Macho lui-même, et sur une enquête systématique pour apporter une preuve de l’existence de ce traducteur. La troisième partie s’attache à une lecture de deux œuvres de l’augustin lyonnais : une de longue tradition littéraire, Ésope, l’adaptation d’un recueil de fables, et une religieuse, rattachée à la pratique religieuse contemporaine, le Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage. Ésope est l’œuvre la plus originale de Macho, c’est-à-dire l’ouvrage où il est le plus intervenu comparativement au texte original. La comparaison avec sa source, l’Äsop latin-allemand d’Heinrich Steinhöwel, a montré comment le fabuliste lyonnais s’en est détaché pour ajouter à son texte un grand nombre de proverbes. Le Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage, une somme de toutes les observances de la vie religieuse et des lectures qu’un chrétien doit connaître, intègre des parties d’une autre œuvre bien connue, la Légende dorée, une pratique que l’on ne retrouve pas dans les autres traductions françaises du Speculum humanae salvationis. Loin d’être une analyse exhaustive de l’œuvre, la compilation des citations et du contenu même du texte permet de cerner en quoi consistait une certaine pratique de la religion au 15e siècle. Il en résulte un panorama du contexte culturel dans lequel vivait Julien Macho, théologien, prieur et traducteur et des œuvres qui lui sont attribuée. Un personnage dont l’étude montre un intellectuel représentatif de son époque, la fin du 15e siècle.

To what extent do pupils perceive science to be inconsistent with religious faith? An exploratory survey of 13-14 year-old English pupils

Scientists hold a wide range of beliefs on matters of religion, although popular media coverage in the UK commonly suggests that atheism is a core commitment for scientists. Considering the relationship between religion and science is a recommended topic in the English National Curriculum for lower secondary pupils (11-14 year-olds), and it is expected that different perspectives will be considered. However it is well established that many pupils may have difficulty accessing sophisticated ideas about the nature of science, and previous research suggests some may identify science with scientism. To explore pupil impressions of the relationship between science and religion, 13-14 year old pupils were surveyed in one class from each of four English secondary schools, by asking them to rate a set of statements about the relationship between science and religion, and scientific and religious perspectives on the origins of the world, and of life on earth, on the value of prayer and on the status of miracles. The survey revealed diverse views on these issues, reflecting the wider society. However it was found that a considerable proportion of the pupils in the sample considered religious beliefs and scientific perspectives to be opposed. The basis and potential consequences of such views are considered, and the need for more attention to this area of student thinking is highlighted.

Direct experimental evidence that early-life farm environment influences regulation of immune responses

Background: In mammals, early-life environmental variations appear to affect microbial colonization and therefore competent immune development, and exposure to farm environments in infants has been inversely correlated with allergy development. Modelling these effects using manipulation of neonatal rodents is difficult due to their dependency on the mother, but the relatively independent piglet is increasingly identified as a valuable translational model for humans. This study was designed to correlate immune regulation in piglets with early-life environment. Methods: Piglets were nursed by their mother on a commercial farm, while isolatorreared siblings were formula fed. Fluorescence immunohistology was used to quantify T-reg and effector T-cell populations in the intestinal lamina propria and the systemic response to food proteins was quantified by capture ELISA. Results: There was more CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ effector T-cell staining in the intestinal mucosa of the isolator-reared piglets compared with their farm-reared counterparts. In contrast, these isolator-reared piglets had a significantly reduced CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cell population compared to farm-reared littermates, resulting in a significantly higher T-reg-to-effector ratio in the farm animals. Consistent with these findings, isolator-reared piglets had an increased serum IgG anti-soya response to novel dietary soya protein relative to farm-reared piglets. Conclusion: Here, we provide the first direct evidence, derived from intervention, that components of the early-life environment present on farms profoundly affects both local development of regulatory components of the mucosal immune system and immune responses to food proteins at weaning. We propose that neonatal piglets provide a tractable model which allows maternal and treatment effects to be statistically separated.

Ernesto Buonaiuti e la rivista «Il Rinnovamento»

This work is about the modernist writer Ernesto Buonaiuti (1881-1946) in the early years of his cultural activity. He was suggested by Alfred Loisy's historical method and by William James pragmatism in philosophy. So he refused traditional religious education he received to become a catholic priest and started a long-life battle against Roman Catholic Church. My research tries to investigate the influence of pragmatism on Buonaiuti's thought, analyzing articles he published on the modernist review «Il Rinnovamento», from 1907 to 1909. Then I compared philosophical themes with other works by Buonaiuti, trying to focus the development of his way of thinking throught the years until the end. My conclusion: Buonaiuti was a religious pragmatist all over his life and many works he published after the modernist crisis can confirm it.

Early gene expression analysis in 9L orthotopic tumor-bearing rats identifies immune modulation in molecular response to synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy

Synchrotron Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) relies on the spatial fractionation of the synchrotron photon beam into parallel micro-beams applying several hundred of grays in their paths. Several works have reported the therapeutic interest of the radiotherapy modality at preclinical level, but biological mechanisms responsible for the described efficacy are not fully understood to date. The aim of this study was to identify the early transcriptomic responses of normal brain and glioma tissue in rats after MRT irradiation (400Gy). The transcriptomic analysis of similarly irradiated normal brain and tumor tissues was performed 6 hours after irradiation of 9 L orthotopically tumor-bearing rats. Pangenomic analysis revealed 1012 overexpressed and 497 repressed genes in the irradiated contralateral normal tissue and 344 induced and 210 repressed genes in tumor tissue. These genes were grouped in a total of 135 canonical pathways. More than half were common to both tissues with a predominance for immunity or inflammation (64 and 67% of genes for normal and tumor tissues, respectively). Several pathways involving HMGB1, toll-like receptors, C-type lectins and CD36 may serve as a link between biochemical changes triggered by irradiation and inflammation and immunological challenge. Most immune cell populations were involved: macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer, T and B lymphocytes. Among them, our results highlighted the involvement of Th17 cell population, recently described in tumor. The immune response was regulated by a large network of mediators comprising growth factors, cytokines, lymphokines. In conclusion, early response to MRT is mainly based on inflammation and immunity which appear therefore as major contributors to MRT efficacy.

Horn Growth and Reproduction in a Long-Lived Male Mammal: No Compensation for Poor Early-Life Horn Growth

Secondary sexual traits in males of polygynous species are important determinants of reproductive success. It is, however, unknown if and how the development of continuously growing traits at different life-stages is related to reproduction in long-lived male mammals. In this study, we evaluated the relationship of early and late horn growth on social status and reproduction in long-lived male Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). For this, we analysed individual horn growth and assessed its effect on dominance and reproduction. No evidence was detected for compensatory horn growth, as late-life horn growth positively depended on early-life horn growth in males. Still, individuals with longer horn segments grown during early adulthood experienced a stronger age-dependent length decline in annual horn growth during the late development. Accordingly, a divergence between individual growth potential and realized horn growth late in life has to be assumed. Residual age-specific horn length and length of early grown horn segments both positively affected dominance and reproductive success, whereas, contrary to our expectation, no significant effect of the length of horn segments grown during the late development was detected. Suspected higher somatic costs incurred by high-quality males during their late development might at least partly be responsible for this finding. Overall, our study suggests that the total length of horns and their early development in long-lived male Alpine ibex is a reliable indicator of reproductive success and that individuals may be unable to compensate for poor early-life growth performance at a later point in life.

David Barclay's report of his missionary labors : manuscript, 1800

A chronological account of Barclay's missionary tour, chiefly in New England, 4 July-3 Sept. 1799. Entries mention the religious activities of the areas he visited, and in some cases mention the funds available to hire a minister in the community.

The history of the revolutions of Russia to the accession of Catharine the First : including a concise review of the manners and customs of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

George Crabbe's poetical works; Preface to the Tales.

Life of Crabbe.-Preface to the Tales-Tales.-Poems: The library. The village. The newspaper. The parish register. The borough.-Miscellaneous poems: The birth of flattery. Reflections.-Sir Eustace Grey. The hall of justice. Woman. Inebriety.

The works of John Knox /

Includes indexes.

Enriching the Historiography of Religious Education: Insights from Oral Life History

This article seeks to exemplify the extent to which oral life history research can enrich existing historiographies of English Religious Education (RE). Findings are reported from interviews undertaken with a sample of key informants involved in designing and/or implementing significant curriculum changes in RE in the 1960s and 1970s. The interviews provided insights into personal narratives and biographies that have been marginal to, or excluded from, the historical record. Thematic analysis of the oral life histories opened a window into the world of RE, specifically in relation to professional identity and practice, curriculum development, and professional organizations, thereby exposing the operational dynamics of RE at an (inter-)personal and organizational level. The findings are framed by a series of methodological reflections. Overall, oral life histories are shown to be capable of revealing that which was previously hidden and which can be confirmed and contrasted with knowledge gleaned from primary documentary sources.

Jane Gardam: religious writer

This thesis examines the work of the award-winning contemporary English short story and novel writer Jane Gardam. It proposes that much of her achievement and craft stems from her engagement with religion. It draws on Gardam’s published works from 1971 to 2014 including children’s books and adult novels. While Gardam has been reviewed widely, there is little serious critical appreciation of her fiction and there are misreadings of the influence of religion in her work. I therefore analyse the religious dimensions of her stories: the language, stylistics and hermeneutic of Gardam’s three religious influences, namely the Anglo-Catholic, Benedictine and Quaker movements and how she sites them within her work. The thesis proposes lectio divina, arguably an ancient form of contemporary reader-response criticism, as a framework to describe the Word’s religious agency when embedded or alluded to in fiction. It also considers and applies critical discussion on the medieval concept of the aevum, a literary religious space. Finally, I suggest that religious writing such as Gardam’s has a place in the as yet unexplored ‘poetic’ strand of Receptive Ecumenism, a new movement that seeks to address reception of the Word between members of different faith communities. Having examined many aspects of Gardam’s writing, its history and potential, I conclude that her achievement owes much to her engagement with particular and divergent forms of religious life and practice.

Islam en Bogotá: procesos de conversión y subjetividad femenina

La presente monografía tiene como objeto de estudio los procesos de conversión al Islam y los cambios subsecuentes que se producen en las subjetividades femeninas de tres mujeres musulmanas en Bogotá. Para ello, se hace uso de diversas teorías sociológicas con las cuales se analiza el proceso de conversión religiosa como un acto social y las implicaciones de esta en las nuevas subjetividades femeninas islámicas. La metodología utilizada son las historias de vida, herramienta que permitió comparar experiencias de socialización a la luz de los procesos de conversión religiosa. Como resultado de esta investigación se encontró que existen diferentes tipos de conversiones, las cuales pueden ser catalogadas como fallidas o exitosas, en donde la subjetividad presentará mayores o menores cambios como consecuencia de estas.