Implantació de SAP R/3 a una empresa del sector cerveser

L'objectiu d'aquest TFC és la realització d'un estudi del projecte sobre la implantació d'un sistema de gestió integrat ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) a una empresa fictícia del sector cerveser CePe (Cerveses Penedès) d'acord amb els objectius estratègics de l'empresa.

Motivating Employees of the Public Sector: Does Public Service Motivation Matter?

This article analyzes if, and to what extent, the public service motivation (PSM) construct has an added value to explain work motivation in the public sector. In order to address the specificity of PSM when studying work motivation, the theoretical model underlying this empirical study compares PSM with two other explanatory factors: material incentives, such as performance-related pay, and team relations and support, such as recognition by superiors. This theoretical model is then tested with data collected in a national survey of 3,754 civil servants at the Swiss municipal level. Results of a structural equations model clearly show the relevance of PSM. They also provide evidence for the importance of socio-relational motivating factors, whereas material incentives play an anecdotal role.

Note méthodologique sur la collaboration entre praticiens dans le secteur ambulatoire. [Methodologic note on the collaboration between practitioners in the ambulatory care sector].

There are still few studies about the collaboration between ambulatory practitioners (physicians and paramedical services). Nevertheless, the interest seems to be growing for this aspect of health care; it involves indeed basic organisational problems as well as fundamental questions about quality of care and its economic implication. A basic problem is rooted in the inevitable contradiction of the efforts towards a highly qualified-i.e. specialised-care on the one hand and those towards continuity on the other hand.

Financial constraints and the failure of innovation projects

Theoretical and empirical approaches have stressed the existence of financial constraints in innovative activities of firms. This paper analyses the role of financial obstacles on the likelihood of abandoning an innovation project. Although a large number of innovation projects are abandoned before their completion, the empirical evidence has focused on the determinants of innovation while failed projects have received little attention. Our analysis differentiates between internal and external barriers on the probability of abandoning a project and we examine whether the effects are different depending on the stage of the innovation process. In the empirical analysis carried out for a panel data of potential innovative Spanish firms for the period 2004-2010, we use a bivariate probit model to take into account the simultaneity of financial constraints and the decision to abandon an innovation project. Our results show that financial constraints most affect the probability of abandoning an innovation project during the concept stage and that low-technological manufacturing and non-KIS service sectors are more sensitive to financial constraints. Keywords: barriers to innovation, failure of innovation projects, financial constraints JEL Classifications: O31, D21

Impact of Ownership Structure on the Performance of China’s Feed Mill Sector, April 2005

In the decade of the 1990s, China’s feed sector became increasingly privatized, more feed mills opened, and the scale of operation expanded. Capacity utilization remained low and multi-ministerial supervision was still prevalent, but the feed mill sector showed a positive performance overall, posting a growth rate of 11 percent per year. Profit margin over sales was within allowable rates set by the government of China at 3 to 5 percent. Financial efficiency improved, with a 20 percent quicker turnover of working capital. Average technical efficiency was 0.805, as more efficient feed mills increasingly gained production shares. This study finds evidence that the increasing privatization explains the improved performance of the commercial feed mill sector. The drivers that shaped the feed mill sector in the 1990s have changed with China’s accession to the World Trade Organization. With the new policy regime in place, the study foresees that, assuming an adequate supply of soy meal and an excess capacity in the feed mill sector, it is likely that China will allow corn imports up to the tariff rate quota (TRQ) of 7.2 mmt since the in-quota rate is very low at 1 percent. However, when the TRQ is exceeded, the import duty jumps to a prohibitive out-quota rate of 65 percent. With an import duty for meat of only 10 to 12 percent, China would have a strong incentive to import meat products directly rather than bringing in expensive corn to produce meat domestically. This would be further reinforced if structural transformation in the swine sector would narrow the cost differential between domestic and imported pork.

The Rapid Rise of China’s Dairy Sector: Factors Behind the Growth in Demand and Supply, May 2005

With the rapid growth in China’s dairy industry, a number of recent papers have addressed either the supply or the demand trends for dairy products in China. None, however, presents a systematic explanation for the recent growth in both the supply and demand for dairy products. The goal of this paper is to sketch a more comprehensive picture of China’s dairy sector and to assess the nature of the sector’s development in the coming decades. Drawing upon several empirical studies, we examine the trends in dairy product consumption to create a composite picture of the factors underlying the recent growth. We also empirically investigate the sources of production gains in milk supply and assess the relative importance of expanding herd size, changes in the nature of production, technological change, and improvements in efficiency to the overall growth of milk production.

Introduction to University and the ICT Sector

The innovative subject “Introduction to ICT” combines a general Introductory Course to the University with elements around the Information and Communication Technologies sector (including the ICT engineer competence profile, market aspects, etc.)This new course has been developed and implemented in three degree programmes offered by the Polytechnic School at Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona. The course team consists of thirteen teachers,including business professionals, librarians, computer technicians, institutional representatives as well as an educationalist responsible for advising on methodology and study techniques. The subject was designed for a high number of students (260). At the end of the course, we collected quantitative and qualitativeinformation about the students’ satisfaction. The findings show the positive vision that they had about the topics worked during the subject. This paper describes the course, its implementation and evaluation and, of course, the details of the findings that we collected about students' satisfaction.

What can the United States learn from Spain's Pork Sector? Implications from a Comparative Economic Analysis, September 2005

This study provides a comparative economic analysis of the primary production of pork and its marketing channel in Spain and the United States. The focus on Spain is due to the profound growth and transformation of its pork sector over the last 20 years, compared with other major players in the world market for pig meat. The analysis reveals a number of similar characteristics but also important differences between the two countries. The significant expansion of Spain’s pork production sector stemmed from a number of factors that apply, to a relatively large extent, to some U.S. states (in particular, North Carolina) but do not apply to the U.S. pork production sector as a whole. This implies that it is unlikely that the U.S. pork production sector as a whole will mimic an expansion driven by the same type of factors in the future. Likewise, it seems highly unlikely that the U.S. consumption of pig meat will expand in the future based on the same driving forces behind the sharp increase in Spain’s domestic demand for pig meat over the last 20 years. The analysis also indicates that Spanish pig producers are currently being subjected to more stringent environmental and animal welfare regulations than their U.S. counterparts and that these regulations are becoming increasingly more restrictive. It would not be surprising to see similar trends emerging in the United States, leading to a substantially more restrictive regulatory environment for U.S. hog producers.

Parallel Research, Multiple Intellectual Property Right Protection Instruments, and the Correlation among R&D Projects, September 2005

The choice of a research path in attacking scientific and technological problems is a significant component of firms’ R&D strategy. One of the findings of the patent races literature is that, in a competitive market setting, firms’ noncooperative choices of research projects display an excessive degree of correlation, as compared to the socially optimal level. The paper revisits this question in a context in which firms have access to trade secrets, in addition to patents, to assert intellectual property rights (IPR) over their discoveries. We find that the availability of multiple IPR protection instruments can move the paths chosen by firms engaged in an R&D race toward the social optimum.

The Collective-Quality Promotion in the Agribusiness Sector: An Overview, October 2005

This paper reviews the economic effects of collective-quality promotion through a survey of the recent literature devoted to common labeling and professional groups. Benefits and costs of common labeling and professional groups for improving quality are detailed. Some empirical facts are presented, mainly focusing on some European examples, since many European countries have a long history of producer-owned marketing programs. This paper shows that in some cases the collective-quality promotion can be a successful strategy for firms/farmers.

Alliance patterns over the course of short-term dynamic psychotherapy: The shape of productive relationships.

The shape of alliance processes over the course of psychotherapy has already been studied in several process-outcome studies on very brief psychotherapy. The present study applies the shape-of-change methodology to short-term dynamic psychotherapies and complements this method with hierarchical linear modeling. A total of 50 psychotherapies of up to 40 sessions were included. Alliance was measured at the end of each session. The results indicate that a linear progression model is most adequate. Three main patterns were found: stable, linear, and quadratic growth. The linear growth pattern, along with the slope parameter, was related to treatment outcome. This study sheds additional light on alliance process research, underscores the importance of linear alliance progression for outcome, and also fosters a better understanding of its limitations.

El Sector turístic a les Illes Balears

Viatjar, conèixer noves cultures, endinsar-se en aventures inoblidables,descobrir noves experiències... Aquestes són tan sols algunes de lesmotivacions que impulsen als éssers humans a dur a terme una deles activitats més importants al nostre país i sobretot a les Illes Balears: el turisme.Però, és aquesta activitat beneficiosa per totes les parts? Es tracta d’unaactivitat respectuosa amb el medi ambient? És el turisme, avui dia, el principalmotor de l’economia balear? En què consisteix això que en diuen turismesostenible? Existeix aquest turisme a les Illes?Preguntes com aquestes són les que ens hem plantejat a l’hora de realitzaraquest estudi i a les quals intentarem donar resposta al llarg del nostre treball.Aquestes qüestions van més enllà de preguntes merament teòriques ja quesón realment preocupants pel govern i residents Balears. Per aquesta raó varemescollir desenvolupar aquest tema, amb el clar objectiu de fer palès fins quin puntés perjudicial continuar amb la tendència turística de sol i platja d’aquests últimsanys. Dos dels membres de l’equip han viscut en primera persona lesconseqüències d’aquest tipus de turisme a les Illes Balears, motiu que ens haincentivat a l’hora de buscar alternatives per poder conservar tot allò quecaracteritza aquesta comunitat autònoma, que a la llarga d’aquests anys s’haanat degradant.Sota les perspectives d’entendre la importància del turisme, la seva estructurai el seu funcionament, hem cregut necessari introduir diversos punts que ens hanpermès crear alternatives que combinin cultura, medi ambient i turisme.La primera etapa del nostre treball ha estat la que podríem denominar fased’anàlisi. En aquesta, hem realitzat una investigació sobre la importància que téactualment el turisme a les Balears. Hem cregut oportú definir el concepte desostenibilitat per tal d’aplicar-lo millor al sector turístic i seguidament identificar enquina situació es troba aquest sector a les Illes, veient les coincidències amb elmodel de Butler.Un cop fet l’anàlisi i situats en el context s’ha procedit a plantejar la hipòtesisdel treball, completant-la amb un anàlisi DAFO.Per poder oferir altres possibilitats ens calia saber quin era el perfil de turistaque visita cada illa i exemplificar-ho amb un hotel concret de l’illa de Menorca.Una vegada finalitzat això i observant els resultats, s’ha proposat unturisme alternatiu al que existeix actualment, amb la finalitat de que aquestaelecció no hipotequi les generacions futures.Amb la intenció d’assolir aquest objectiu, hem elaborat un paquet turísticsota la idea de sostenibilitat que alhora s’adeqüi al perfil del visitant de les Illes deMenorca i Eivissa analitzat prèviament.Dit això, convidem al lector a descobrir el sector turístic de les IllesBalears...OBJECTIUS DEL TREBALLAmb la finalitat de facilitar la lectura i la comprensió del nostre treball hemcregut adient afegir aquest punt on especifiquem de forma sistemàtica elsobjectius d’aquest.L’objectiu principal del treball és donar un nou enfocament al turismebalear, és a dir, crear un turisme sostenible que permeti conservar tant elpatrimoni cultural com natural. El que es pretén fer amb l’anàlisi i els diferentsestudis és demostrar que el turisme de les Illes es troba en una fased’estancament. És per això que hem mirat en quina etapa del model de Butler estroba el sector turístic de les Illes i hem intentat esbrinar el perquè, per poderoferir altres alternatives.Un cop vist que ens trobem en una fase d’estancament, hem procedit al’elaboració de dos paquets turístics sostenibles per les Illes d’Eivissa i Menorca.Concretament hem volgut oferir l’alternativa en aquestes dues Illes perquè són lesque pateixen més l’estacionalitat de manera que és també una proposta peracabar amb aquest problema, a banda d’oferir altres activitats al turista.Cal dir però, que amb aquestes alternatives que oferim no pretenemeliminar percomplet el turisme de sol i platja. Som conscients de que l’afluènciade visitants es deu en gran part al clima i medi ambient que ofereixen les Illes.Per això, ens veiem obligats a relacionar turisme i medi ambient, ja que si volemconservar l’afluència de turistes, hem de conservar primerament el medi.

La crisis en el sector del automóvil

La industria del automóvil es un sector vital para la economía mundial y dentro de la actividad industrial en general, ya que, a su vez, influye en otros sectores industriales: sectores de bienes de equipo, tecnologías de la información, plásticos, caucho, entre muchos otros. Por este y otros motivos que expondremos más adelante hemos decidido encaminar este trabajo hacia un análisis exhaustivo de ese sector, a partir de su evolución histórica y su situación actual. Cabe decir que nuestro trabajo se centra exclusivamente en el ámbito español ya que, en otro caso, nuestro análisis hubiese sido muy generalizado y no hubiésemos podido profundizar más en el tema estudiado