Aditivos na alimentação de frangos de corte: desempenho, características morfométricas e funcionais

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Influência do exercício físico sobre variáveis funcionais, morfológicas e moleculares do coração de ratos idosos

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Efeitos de estado nutricional, da capacidade funcional e do estresse oxidativo em idosos residentes na cidade de Botucatu, SP, Brasil: um estudo longitudinal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da aldosterona e da espironolactona na hipertrofia ventricular esquerda em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Procalcitonina e interleicina-6 em crianças com diagnóstico de sepse e choque séptico

Sepse é causa comum de mortalidade e morbidade em unidades de tratamento intensivo, sendo atualmente entendida como a resposta sistêmica à infecção, resposta esta caracterizada por duas ou mais das seguintes manifestações: temperatura corporal > 38°C ou < 36°C; taquicardia; taquipnéia; e alteração da contagem de células brancas (leucocitose ou leucopenia) ou mais de 10% de formas imaturas. Entretanto, tem sido descrito que os elementos que caracterizam a resposta sistêmica são muito sensíveis, insuficientemente específicos e não levam em consideração o avanço do entendimento da fisiopatologia da doença. Além disso, a sepse tem fisiopatologia complexa, o que dificulta ainda mais o diagnóstico, principalmente em crianças. O diagnóstico rápido e a instituição de tratamento o mais cedo possível são imperativos nos pacientes sépticos. Consequentemente, vários marcadores laboratoriais têm sido estudados, sendo que dos vários mediadores envolvidos na sepse, procalcitonina (PCT) e interleucina-6 (IL-6) têm despertado interesse pela possibilidade de auxiliar no diagnóstico e no estabelecimento da gravidade de pacientes adultos com sepse ou choque séptico, sendo que a PCT já foi incluída entre os critérios diagnósticos de sepse nestes indivíduos. Em pediatria... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Estresse oxidativo, alterações metabólicas e renais decorrentes da elevada ingestão de sacarose: efeito protetor da N-acetilcisteína (NAC)

Oxidative stress is related with physiopathology of diabetes mellitus type II and with its secondary complications, such as diabetic nephropathy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of n-acetylcysteine NAC, an antioxidant from Allium cepa, on oxidative stress, morphometrical and nutritional parameters and basal metabolism and energetic substrate utilization, serum glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and renal function of high-sucrose intake rats. Animals were initially divided into three groups. Rats in the control group (C; n=10) were given free access to a standard chow and water; (S; n=10) group received standard chow and 30% sucrose in its drinking water; (SN; n=5) group received standard chow and 2g/L NAC and 30% sucrose in its drinking water. After 25 days of treatments, rats were submitted to indirect calorimetry in fasted and feed states. After 30 days of treatments, rats from C and S groups were divided into four groups of five rats each. The (CC) and (SS) groups were given an intra-gastric dose 0,6mL saline (0,9%NaCl) and the (CNAC) and (SNAC) groups were treated with a intra-gastric dose of 0,6mL NAC (160g/day), and then everybody received a intra-gastric dose of glucose solution (20%) for the OGTT. Animals of S and SN groups have higher liquid consumption and lower food consumption than C group. Calorimetric analyses confirm that despite of the final body weight had not statistical difference among groups, S group have lower resting metabolic rate when compared to C and SN animals. Besides, S group has higher respiratory quotient, higher carbohydrate oxidation and lower lipid oxidation, both in fasted and feed states, than C and SN groups, evidencing the beneficial effect of NAC. Fasting plasma glucose is increased in SS and SNAC animals when compared to CC and CNAC, however SN group has glicemic level at 30 min before OGTT decreased when ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Potencial profilático de estratégias tolerogênicas no diabetes experimental

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Acupuntura no tratamento de discopatias intervertebrais em cães

The intervertebral disc disease is considered a major neurological disorder involving the spinal cord, being a disease commonly seen in dogs in clinical practice of small animals. The pathophysiology of most discopathies have not been fully elucidated, but it is known that the symptoms observed will depend on the severity of spinal cord compression and location of spinal injury, ranging from localized pain to complete paralysis. Through a detailed clinical examination and laboratory tests, we choose the most appropriate treatment for each patient, which can be conservative, through the use of anti-inflammatories, analgesics and acupuncture or surgical, through decompression techniques. Acupuncture, therapeutic method of ancient Chinese medicine, uses the stimulation of specific points on the body in order to balance the body's physiological. The action mechanism of acupuncture in discopathies has not been fully elucidated, but its analgesic effects, anti-inflammatory and restoration of sensory and motor function are known, showing results as good as surgical therapy

Síndrome urêmica em cães com doença renal crônica

Uremic syndrome, arising from kidney malfunction, consists of a set of systemic changes caused by the accumulation of toxic substances to the body. Since, with the advance of medicine, the animals lived more reaching advanced age and entering thus on track of senility, chronic renal disease, became a common complaint in the routine of the ambulatory. This high rate of morbidity generates an increased need for clarification of pathophysiology involved in this disease. The components of the uremic syndrome include water and sodium imbalance, anemia, intolerance to carbohydrate, neurological disorders, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, osteoarthritis, immunological incompetence and metabolic acidosis. The clinical manifestations occur in isolation or in combination. In most cases canines patients are subject to an assessment when the kidney disease has evolved to the final stage with uremic syndrome and installed already, under these conditions, the prognosis is reserved

Marcadores de superfície de Células-tronco: estudo de reação cruzada inter-espécies

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells with fibroblastoid morphology and adherent to plastic. Furthermore, they can be obtained from different sources. Besides bone marrow, these cells are taken from umbilical cord blood, umbilical vein, saphenous vein, peripheral blood, arteries, liver and fetal pancreas, placenta, dental pulp and adipose tissue. MSCs derived from adipose tissue are important because of the abundant number of cells that can be obtained from this tissue, easy access and little discomfort to the patient. This study compared two techniques for obtaining MSCs from adipose tissue: mechanical dissociation (MD) and enzymatic digestion (ED). We also analyzed the inter-species cross-reactions using commercial monoclonal antibodies directed against surface antigens of stem cells from different species: mouse, horse, rabbit, monkey and human. We found that MD technique is favorable in relation to ED within 15 days of culture, and ED is more efficient in the first days of culture. The data also showed that MD causes less damage to cellular DNA. About inter-species cross-reactions, the monoclonal antibody A69 directed against stem cells from rabbits, which can be used in veterinary medicine, particularly in research involving horses

Investigação dos genes CNR1 e AKT1 como possíveis fatores de risco/proteção para a esquizofrenia

A fisiopatologia da esquizofrenia parece envolver uma complexa interação entre vulnerabilidades genéticas e fatores de risco ambientais. O uso de Cannabis tem sido apontado como um destes fatores, que contribui para o surgimento de sintomas psicóticos em indivíduos predispostos e piora o curso da doença pré-estabelecida. O sistema endocanabinóide está envolvido neste processo, podendo apresentar possíveis implicações na manifestação de sintomas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral verificar se variantes dos genes CNR1 (codificador do receptor endocanabinóide tipo 1) e AKT1 (codificador de proteína serina-treonina quinase), individualmente ou interativamente, e o uso de Cannabis podem ser fatores de risco para a esquizofrenia e para a refratariedade ao tratamento com antipsicóticos. Foram estudados 202 pacientes portadores de esquizofrenia e 277 indivíduos saudáveis. Os polimorfismos rs1049353 (G/A) e rs806380 (A/G) do gene CNR1 e os rs2494732 (C/T) e rs1130233 (A/G) do gene AKT1 foram genotipados por meio da técnica de PCR (polymerase chain reaction) em tempo real com sistema de detecção Taqman®. Tais polimorfismos foram correlacionados ao diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e a outras variáveis, tal como o uso de Cannabis, resposta ao tratamento e subtipos da doença. Também foi realizada análise de estratificação populacional a partir de marcadores genéticos escolhidos para a população brasileira a fim de correção estatística de fatores confundidores relacionados a diferenças étnicas. Foi visto uma influência positiva da idade de acometimento em pacientes refratários quando comparados com os pacientes respondedores (p = 0,006), confirmando os dados da literatura que sugerem uma idade de acometimento mais precoce da doença em portadores de esquizofrenia refratária. A interação dos genótipos AA do polimorfismo rs806380...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Terapia do diabetes mellitus em cães

Diabetes Mellitus is caracterized by a disturbance on endocrine pâncreas with reduction in serum levels of insulin. The deficiency or absence of insulin promotes alterations in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipidis and proteins. The most common clinical signs of disease are polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and loses of weight. The diagnosis is made based on clinical symptoms, with laboratory confirmation through persistent hyperglycemia on fasting and glycosuria. Treatment includes insulin therapy, diet, exercise and oral hypoglycemic agents in an attempt to reverse the catabolic effects associated with deficiency or antagonism of insulin and restore normal homeostasis of the metabolism of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates

Trauma cranioencefálico em pequenos animais

Due to the importance of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in small animals, this paper aimed to discuss the pathophysiology of the TBI, the pre-hospital and hospital therapeutic procedures, as well as considerations related to transport and initial care of the patient immediately after trauma. The professional must identify the pre-hospital TBI and to treat the victim as a polytraumatized patient, including immobilization. In hospital therapy the procedures of craniotomy are important, especially to remove blood clots. In addition, the use of glucocorticoids must be avoided because of side effects, but combination therapies such as mannitol with furosemide increase the probability of success

Choque

The shock, now known as a clinical syndrome due to a systemic breakdown in tissue perfusion leading to cellular hypoxia, metabolic changes and consequently organ dysfunction, is a condition that affects both humans and animals and should be classified as an emergency. For its dynamic course the therapy becomes a challenge, all the time time spared in diagnosis and treatment is essential to save the patient's life, so knowledge of its physiopathology can become of great value, and in order to clarify it better, shock has been divided didactically into: cardiogenic, hypovolemic, distributive, and obstructive, so the best approach may be chosen to this situation, noting that the therapy in general is the sum of several procedures that aims to compensate for the animal so that the underlying cause of shock may be treated

Alterações ultrassonográficas na pancreatite aguda canina

Pancreatitis is a predominantly disease of the exocrine pancreas, which occurs commonly in dogs. Acute pandreatitis is reversible, with the removal of the primary cause, whereas chronic pancreatitits is irreversible, with histopathological changes, such as atrophy and fibosis that occurs from persistent inflammation. In dogs, clinicl signs ranging among abdominal pain and anorexia until potential insufficiency of various organs and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation. In general, dogs with acute illness presents vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain and several degrees of dehydration, collapse and shock. The caim of this monograph is evaluate ultrassound changes in dogs with panceatitis. Ultrassound is a valuable technique to evaluate exocrine pancreas, with association with another diagnostic modalities will be able to increase the preciosion of the diagnosis