1000 resultados para Organización social


Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Recibido 12 de abril de 2011 • Aceptado 26 de agosto de 2011 • Corregido 21 de octubre de 2011      El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre el quehacer de la universidad pública costarricense y su responsabilidad en la formación para el desarrollo social. Lo anterior, entendido como uno de los múltiples retos que enfrenta la educación superior, de cara a las demandas que la función del conocimiento posee en el presente, y a la relación de estas con el desarrollo autónomo del conocimiento. Su planteamiento, defiende algunos asuntos débilmente abordados en estudios previos, y que se constituyen en elementos esenciales para una formación significativa, funcional y de impacto social, como son: a) La ética en la organización, b) La autoeducación de la universidad, c) La incidencia de las políticas curriculares en las prácticas promovidas, d) La transformación de la cultura docente para contribuir a mejorar la práctica, y e) La construcción del conocimiento para fundamentar criterios, tomar decisiones, solucionar problemas y construir proyectos de vida.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

El presente artículo describe el modo en que los procesos de expansión urbana y compresión temporal que ha experimentado la región metropolitana han transformado la escala de desarrollo urbano metropolitano. Para ello contextualiza históricamente los sistemas de organización territorial de la propiedad en la periferia urbana. Aborda el impacto que ha tenido la construcción de autopistas concesionadas sobre la compresión espacio temporal y finalmente reflexiona sobre quiénes son los reales beneficiados en los procesos espacio temporales que experimenta el desarrollo urbano metropolitano en la actualidad, explorando la importancia de introducir la idea de desigualdades temporales en la ciudad.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Resumen  Los sistemas de indicadores en materia de derechos económicos, sociales y culturales han tenido un vertiginoso avance en los últimos tiempos en el seno de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas. La justiciabilidad de los derechos citados ha presentado sendos problemas debido a que el artículo segundo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales establece que depende de aspectos tales como los recursos disponibles del Estado, la progresividad en la implementación de políticas, entre otros. Por lo tanto, no se le han asignado a tales derechos, un carácter exigible y esta situación ha provocado que su vigencia sea limitada. Precisamente, este ensayo pretende demostrar cómo se ha revertido esta concepción y a través de los sistemas de indicadores desarrollados para diferentes derechos humanos se pueden obtener prestaciones mínimas, que deben cumplir los Estados, para satisfacer las demandas de alcance general.Palabras clave: derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, Organización de las Naciones Unidas, justiciabilidad, progresividad, indicadores de resultado, modelo de indicadores, desarrollo humano.AbstractIndicator systems in terms of economic, social and cultural rights have had a rapid development lately within the United Nations Organization. The justiciability of these rights has presented problems, mainly because of the second article of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights states that it depends on aspects such as available resources of the State, the progressivity in the implementation of policies, etc. Therefore, these rights have not been given a mandatory character, and this has led to their limited effect. Precisely this essay intends to demonstrate how this conception has been reversed, and how, through the systems of indicators developed for different human rights, minimum benefits are available for the States to meet the demands of general application.Keywords: economic, social and cultural rights, Organization of the United Nations, Justice, output indicators, indicators model, human development.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Desde la Conquista, el pueblo mapuche ha enfrentado despojos y diversos pactos para mediar la relación con la nación chilena. El gobierno de Augusto Pinochet se aseguró la adopción de políticas económicas neoliberales, estimulando a las forestales, principalmente, su instalación en la octava y novena región del país y hacer uso de las tierras mapuche para la mega industrialización. Ello representó un nuevo despojo a la población mapuche de sus territorios y su confinamiento a reducciones. Es necesario explicar las leyes reformuladas y promulgadas por los gobiernos chilenos, como la Ley de Seguridad Interior del Estado y la Ley Antiterrorista, herramientas heredadas que la democracia de Lagos y Bachelet dieron al tratamiento al conflicto actual.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Los conceptos y prácticas extensionistas se han desarrollado, durante el medio siglo pasado, estrechamente asociadas con las formas prevalecientes de formación académica y de divulgación de conocimientos, enriquecidas en la última década con impulsos éticos de responsabilidad y de compromiso social. El argumento central de esta ponencia consiste en llamar la atención señalando aperturas posibles hacia un otro paradigma, diferente, -- uno se atreve de sugerir --, genéricamente diferente, de todo lo que suele considerarse como parte del perímetro bien definido del paradigma extensionista. Una retrospectiva de las evoluciones en materia de extensión en las décadas precedentes, inclusive de los paradigmas participativos y liberatorios, muestra que no se han desviado substantivamente de la corriente principal de transmisión de conocimientos ‘desde’ un actor activo ‘hacia’ un receptor, o pasivo, o ‘participativo’. Las recientes preocupaciones con la responsabilidad universitaria no escapen de esta orbita. El factor invisible o, más bien, demasiado frecuentemente no visto, entre las propuestas superabundantes alrededor del ¿Qué hacer? Y el ¿Por qué hacer’ es el ¿Como hacer?: ¿como grandes sectores de la humanidad pueden organizarse para aumentar, o aun crear su capital social compartido, única garantía de vidas mas equitativas y sostenibles para todos? Esto requiere no solamente de conocimientos sobre la organización, sino también de capacitación en organización. Y esto tipo de capacitación requiere de autonomía.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The models of teaching social sciences and clinical practice are insufficient for the needs of practical-reflective teaching of social sciences applied to health. The scope of this article is to reflect on the challenges and perspectives of social science education for health professionals. In the 1950s the important movement bringing together social sciences and the field of health began, however weak credentials still prevail. This is due to the low professional status of social scientists in health and the ill-defined position of the social sciences professionals in the health field. It is also due to the scant importance attributed by students to the social sciences, the small number of professionals and the colonization of the social sciences by the biomedical culture in the health field. Thus, the professionals of social sciences applied to health are also faced with the need to build an identity, even after six decades of their presence in the field of health. This is because their ambivalent status has established them as a partial, incomplete and virtual presence, requiring a complex survival strategy in the nebulous area between social sciences and health.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Among the various ways of adopting the biographical approach, we used the curriculum vitaes (CVs) of Brazilian researchers who work as social scientists in health as our research material. These CVs are part of the Lattes Platform of CNPq - the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, which includes Research and Institutional Directories. We analyzed 238 CVs for this study. The CVs contain, among other things, the following information: professional qualifications, activities and projects, academic production, participation in panels for the evaluation of theses and dissertations, research centers and laboratories and a summarized autobiography. In this work there is a brief review of the importance of autobiography for the social sciences, emphasizing the CV as a form of autobiographical practice. We highlight some results, such as it being a group consisting predominantly of women, graduates in social sciences, anthropology, sociology or political science, with postgraduate degrees. The highest concentration of social scientists is located in Brazil's southern and southeastern regions. In some institutions the main activities of social scientists are as teachers and researchers with great thematic diversity in research.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper analyses some aspects of the trajectory of the Argentinian physician and sociologist Juan César García (1932-1984) in the field of Latin American Social Medicine. Three dimensions constituting his basic orientations are highlighted: the elaboration of systematic and reflective social thought; a critical attitude in questioning teaching and professional practices; a commitment to the institutionalization and dissemination of health knowledge.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Mental health problems are common in primary health care, particularly anxiety and depression. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics in primary care in Brazil (Family Health Strategy). It involved a multicenter cross-sectional study with patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza (Ceará State) and Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul State), assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). The rate of mental disorders in patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza and Porto Alegre were found to be, respectively, 51.9%, 53.3%, 64.3% and 57.7% with significant differences between Porto Alegre and Fortaleza compared to Rio de Janeiro after adjusting for confounders. Prevalence proportions of mental problems were especially common for females, the unemployed, those with less education and those with lower incomes. In the context of the Brazilian government's moves towards developing primary health care and reorganizing mental health policies it is relevant to consider common mental disorders as a priority alongside other chronic health conditions.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A modified version of the intruder-resident paradigm was used to investigate if social recognition memory lasts at least 24 h. One hundred and forty-six adult male Wistar rats were used. Independent groups of rats were exposed to an intruder for 0.083, 0.5, 2, 24, or 168 h and tested 24 h after the first encounter with the familiar or a different conspecific. Factor analysis was employed to identify associations between behaviors and treatments. Resident rats exhibited a 24-h social recognition memory, as indicated by a 3- to 5-fold decrease in social behaviors in the second encounter with the same conspecific compared to those observed for a different conspecific, when the duration of the first encounter was 2 h or longer. It was possible to distinguish between two different categories of social behaviors and their expression depended on the duration of the first encounter. Sniffing the anogenital area (49.9% of the social behaviors), sniffing the body (17.9%), sniffing the head (3%), and following the conspecific (3.1%), exhibited mostly by resident rats, characterized social investigation and revealed long-term social recognition memory. However, dominance (23.8%) and mild aggression (2.3%), exhibited by both resident and intruders, characterized social agonistic behaviors and were not affected by memory. Differently, sniffing the environment (76.8% of the non-social behaviors) and rearing (14.3%), both exhibited mostly by adult intruder rats, characterized non-social behaviors. Together, these results show that social recognition memory in rats may last at least 24 h after a 2-h or longer exposure to the conspecific.