Métodos de classificação de imagens na identificação de áreas cultivadas com citros

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparação de métodos de classificação de imagens na identificação de áreas cultivadas com citros

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interação com objetos digitais 3D em estúdios virtuais

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Segmentação interativa de imagens utilizando competição e cooperação entre partículas

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Avaliação de lubrificantes para aplicação em componentes mecânicos pelo método de compressão do anel

The current lubricants are getting better with advancing technology and more specific to each case of application. Its use is directly linked to the level of waste by friction generated between objects in direct contact and it is essential to promote greater durability of mechanical components. This study refers to behavioral assessment of some types of lubricants and rank among them which one presents the lowest friction between metal components. For this work, will be used the method of ring compression test (RCT), after performed tests and analyzed the results, will be possible to report which lubricant will bring the best reduction in friction. The need for this work was given initially by the observation that some mechanical projects developed at FEG does not conduct in-depth studies the lubricants used. Therefore this study aims to provide better support to these projects. In this work were used five different lubricants, three oils and two greases.

Review of Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R by R. S. Bivand, E. J. Pebesma, and V. Gomez-Rubio

Most authors struggle to pick a title that adequately conveys all of the material covered in a book. When I first saw Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R, I expected a review of spatial statistical models and their applications in packages (libraries) from the CRAN site of R. The authors’ title is not misleading, but I was very pleasantly surprised by how deep the word “applied” is here. The first half of the book essentially covers how R handles spatial data. To some statisticians this may be boring. Do you want, or need, to know the difference between S3 and S4 classes, how spatial objects in R are organized, and how various methods work on the spatial objects? A few years ago I would have said “no,” especially to the “want” part. Just let me slap my EXCEL spreadsheet into R and run some spatial functions on it. Unfortunately, the world is not so simple, and ultimately we want to minimize effort to get all of our spatial analyses accomplished. The first half of this book certainly convinced me that some extra effort in organizing my data into certain spatial class structures makes the analysis easier and less subject to mistakes. I also admit that I found it very interesting and I learned a lot.

Avaliação de lubrificantes para aplicação em componentes mecânicos pelo método de compressão do anel

The current lubricants are getting better with advancing technology and more specific to each case of application. Its use is directly linked to the level of waste by friction generated between objects in direct contact and it is essential to promote greater durability of mechanical components. This study refers to behavioral assessment of some types of lubricants and rank among them which one presents the lowest friction between metal components. For this work, will be used the method of ring compression test (RCT), after performed tests and analyzed the results, will be possible to report which lubricant will bring the best reduction in friction. The need for this work was given initially by the observation that some mechanical projects developed at FEG does not conduct in-depth studies the lubricants used. Therefore this study aims to provide better support to these projects. In this work were used five different lubricants, three oils and two greases.

How wild bearded capuchin monkeys select stones and nuts to minimize the number of strikes per nut cracked

Wild bearded capuchin monkeys, Cebus libidinosus, use stone tools to crack palm nuts to obtain the kernel. In five experiments, we gave 10 monkeys from one wild group of bearded capuchins a choice of two nuts differing in resistance and size and/or two manufactured stones of the same shape, volume and composition but different mass. Monkeys consistently selected the nut that was easier to crack and the heavier stone. When choosing between two stones differing in mass by a ratio of 1.3:1, monkeys frequently touched the stones or tapped them with their fingers or with a nut. They showed these behaviours more frequently before making their first selection of a stone than afterward. These results suggest that capuchins discriminate between nuts and between stones, selecting materials that allow them to crack nuts with fewer strikes, and generate exploratory behaviours to discriminate stones of varying mass. In the final experiment, humans effectively discriminated the mass of stones using the same tapping and handling behaviours as capuchins. Capuchins explore objects in ways that allow them to perceive invariant properties (e.g. mass) of objects, enabling selection of objects for specific uses. We predict that species that use tools will generate behaviours that reveal invariant properties of objects such as mass; species that do not use tools are less likely to explore objects in this way. The precision with which individuals can judge invariant properties may differ considerably, and this also should predict prevalence of tool use across species. (C) 2010 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Tropical, de Anita Malfatti

A partir da análise de Tropical, tela pintada por Anita Malfatti em 1917, este artigo propõe que a artista procedia a uma mudança em sua linguagem pictórica, afastando-se das concepções de vanguarda que adotara até então para, aderindo ao clima de retorno à ordem internacional, aproximar-se das discussões sobre o nacionalismo na arte, presentes na cena paulistana. Assim, a imagem de mulher insegura que mudou sua perspectiva por causa da crítica de Monteiro Lobato adquire outra conotação. Os modernistas teriam preferido essa interpretação a efetuar uma análise da obra de Anita Malfatti, por meio da qual se poderia desvelar uma deserção do programa vanguardista feita de forma consciente pela artista

A complex networks approach for data clustering

This work proposes a method for data clustering based on complex networks theory. A data set is represented as a network by considering different metrics to establish the connection between each pair of objects. The clusters are obtained by taking into account five community detection algorithms. The network-based clustering approach is applied in two real-world databases and two sets of artificially generated data. The obtained results suggest that the exponential of the Minkowski distance is the most suitable metric to quantify the similarities between pairs of objects. In addition, the community identification method based on the greedy optimization provides the best cluster solution. We compare the network-based clustering approach with some traditional clustering algorithms and verify that it provides the lowest classification error rate. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A quantitative approach to evolution of music and philosophy

The development of new statistical and computational methods is increasingly making it possible to bridge the gap between hard sciences and humanities. In this study, we propose an approach based on a quantitative evaluation of attributes of objects in fields of humanities, from which concepts such as dialectics and opposition are formally defined mathematically. As case studies, we analyzed the temporal evolution of classical music and philosophy by obtaining data for 8 features characterizing the corresponding fields for 7 well-known composers and philosophers, which were treated with multivariate statistics and pattern recognition methods. A bootstrap method was applied to avoid statistical bias caused by the small sample data set, with which hundreds of artificial composers and philosophers were generated, influenced by the 7 names originally chosen. Upon defining indices for opposition, skewness and counter-dialectics, we confirmed the intuitive analysis of historians in that classical music evolved according to a master apprentice tradition, while in philosophy changes were driven by opposition. Though these case studies were meant only to show the possibility of treating phenomena in humanities quantitatively, including a quantitative measure of concepts such as dialectics and opposition, the results are encouraging for further application of the approach presented here to many other areas, since it is entirely generic.

Modeling and measuring the spatial relation "along": Regions, contours and fuzzy sets

The analysis of spatial relations among objects in an image is an important vision problem that involves both shape analysis and structural pattern recognition. In this paper, we propose a new approach to characterize the spatial relation along, an important feature of spatial configurations in space that has been overlooked in the literature up to now. We propose a mathematical definition of the degree to which an object A is along an object B, based on the region between A and B and a degree of elongatedness of this region. In order to better fit the perceptual meaning of the relation, distance information is included as well. In order to cover a more wide range of potential applications, both the crisp and fuzzy cases are considered. In the crisp case, the objects are represented in terms of 2D regions or ID contours, and the definition of the alongness between them is derived from a visibility notion and from the region between the objects. However, the computational complexity of this approach leads us to the proposition of a new model to calculate the between region using the convex hull of the contours. On the fuzzy side, the region-based approach is extended. Experimental results obtained using synthetic shapes and brain structures in medical imaging corroborate the proposed model and the derived measures of alongness, thus showing that they agree with the common sense. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Updated status and performance for the cosmic origins spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope

The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) was installed on the Hubble Space Telescope in May 2009. Although COS was initially designed to perform high-sensitivity medium- and low-resolution spectroscopy of astronomical objects in the 1150-3200 Å wavelength range, new wavelength settings have recently become available that allow medium-resolution spectroscopy down to 900 Å, at effective areas comparable to those of FUSE. Here we provide an update on the implementation of the new short wavelength settings G130M/1222, 1096, and 1055. We discuss changes to the Far-Ultraviolet (FUV) and Near-Ultraviolet (NUV) dark rates, FUV pulse height filtering, new and improved flux calibrations for FUV Lifetime Positions 1 and 2, changes in sensitivity for both the NUV and FUV channels, and give a general overview of the calibration projects undertaken in Cycles 19 and 20.

Estimación del movimiento de objetos en secuencias de imágenes de intensidad y profundidad

Máster Universitario en Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones Numéricas en Ingeniería (SIANI)

Los objetos de aprendizaje en la enseñanza del vocabulario específico del inglés para la Conservación y Restauración

[ES]En la docencia de inglés del Grado en Conservación y Restauración de la Universidad de La Laguna (España), se ha constatado la inexistencia de recursos didácticos comerciales adecuados para este ámbito concreto, en particular para el aprendizaje del léxico especializado. Ante esta situación, como suele suceder en el campo del inglés para fines específicos, se ha acometido la creación gradual de materiales propios, empleando tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC). La experiencia acumulada durante los tres primeros años de andadura de la titulación, en los que los materiales TIC sirvieron de apoyo a la docencia presencial de grupos muy heterogéneos, ha conducido al planteamiento de la presente investigación.