930 resultados para Milho - Doenças e pragas - Controle


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The no-tillage system is an important technique for maintaining and restoring the productive capacity of conventionally managed soils and degraded areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of soy and maize grown on the straw of five cover crops and on spontaneous vegetation. The experiments were carried out in Votuporanga, in the state of Sao Paulo and in Selviria, in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in March 2008, after conventional soil preparation. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications, using the following cover crops in different amounts of seed per hectare, to make up the treatments: Sorghum bicolor - 6, 7 and 8 kg ha(-1); Pennisetum americanum - 10, 15 and 20 kg ha(-1); Sorghum sudanense - 12, 15 and 18 kg ha(-1); S. bicolor and S. sudanense hybrid - 8, 9 and 10 kg ha(-1); and Urochloa ruziziensis - 8, 12 and 16 kg ha(-1). A control treatment with spontaneous vegetation was also used. After management of the cover crops, soy was planted in the first year of the study, and maize sown in the second, both under a no-tillage system. The dry matter accumulated by the different cover crops, and the agronomic characteristics of the soy and maize were all evaluated. It was concluded that the different cover plants proved to be good options for preceding the soy crop in Votuporanga, SP and the maize in Selviria, MS, and that the different amounts of seed used for each cover crop resulted in differences in relation to the agronomic characteristics of the crops of soy and maize.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

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Para produzir o termopotássio e, até mesmo, o KCl, a rocha silicática potássica (verdete) passa pelo processo de calcinação. Neste processo é gerado um resíduo denominado coproduto que contém em sua composição química 3% a 4% de K2O, Ca, Mg e Si e apresenta baixa solubilidade em água. O presente trabalho objetivou testar a hipótese de que doses de K2O na forma de coproduto fornecem potássio para as plantas de milho em menor quantidade do que as mesmas doses na forma de KCl, inclusive no estudo do efeito residual, e que o potássio extraído do solo pela resina trocadora de íons tem maior correlação com as quantidades de potássio absorvida pela planta de milho do que com o potássio extraído pela solução extratora de Mehlich-1. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, onde foram realizados dois cultivos consecutivos de milho em amostras de Neossolo Quartizarênico órtico. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com duas fontes de K (KCl e coproduto), três doses de K2O (0, 200 e 400 kg ha-1) e quatro repetições, totalizando 24 unidades experimentais. Foram determinados os teores de potássio extraído da amostra de solo pela solução extratora de Mehlich-1 e resina trocadora de íons, a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas de milho, os teores e o acumulo de potássio nas plantas após o primeiro e o segundo cultivo. Em dois cultivos consecutivos das plantas de milho, a aplicação de 200 e 400 kg ha-1 de K2O na forma de KCl proporcionou o acumulo de potássio na parte aérea das plantas de 77 e 84% maior do que aplicação dessas mesmas doses de K2O na forma de coproduto, respectivamente. A aplicação de 200 e 400 kg ha-1 de K2O na forma de coproduto proporcionou aumentos no acumulo de potássio da parte aérea das plantas de milho de 66 e 75% em relação ao controle (sem K2O), respectivamente. A recuperação de potássio pelas plantas de milho tratadas com KCl foi de 92% e as plantas...

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Results of educative actions on the control of vectors for dengue and leishmaniasis were evaluated by using an online semi-present course directed to teachers from Fundamental I Education level in Araçatuba-SP. 40 teachers from municipal schools located on geographical areas of town with higher occurrence of dengue and leishmaniasis cases, attended to the course, which consisted in a conceptual part directed to specific subjects such as vector borne and zoonotic diseases, responsible ownership of pets and health education and a practical phase, directed to execution and application of educative projects in the target schools. Data about the teacher’s specific knowledge, before and after the attendance to the course, were submitted to the Wilcoxon test with a 5% of significant level. The application of practical educative projects was evaluated by multiplicative actions involving target public. Tests showed statistically significant increase in the knowledge about the studied diseases (p<0.0001) after the course, especially on questions related to etiological agent, clinical symptoms on man and animals and prevention. Activities of knowledge multiplication envolved teachers and students which detected the problems and promoted education actions in their neighborhood as stage performing, group cleaning activities and elaboration and distribution of folders during a student pared. In conclusion, educative actions direct to the control of diseases vectors using a semi-present course, provides new knowledge to the teachers, impelling them to motivate their students to adopt vectors control measures and environmental cares and to sensitive the community to collaborate with control diseases.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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This study aimed to the development of cassava mashed with added maltodextrin of waxy maize starch as an alternative to the semi-ready product. The experimental design was completely randomized using blocks in 4x7 factorial, with three replications. The treatments were the combination of maltodextrin concentrations added in the cassava mass (0, 5, 10 and 15% on dry weight) with storage time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days after preparation) and two condition (environment and refrigerated temperature). The variety chosen to the processing was the IAC 576-70. The data were subjected to variance analysis. The means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The content of maltodextrin from waxy maize starch to 15% was effective in controlling the increase of texture. The mass of cassava with the addition of maltodextrin showed to be product of easy preparation, showin IAC 576-70g viability to be produced in industrial scale.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pesticids are chemical products used to control plagues (animal and vegetable) and plant diseases. Due to the process of automation occurred in the agriculture in 1960-1970, the agrotoxics began to be largely used in Brazil. Their physical-chemical proprieties, as well as the frequency of use, form of application, environmental biotic and abiotic characteristics and climatic conditions will determine their environmental destination. These variables will define the spectrum of environmental impacts and human health problems caused by the agrotoxics. The human health impacts might be acute or chronic, mainly upon neurological, reproductive and respiratory process. In the environment, the agrotoxics cause transformations and modifications in biota, water, soil and other ecosystems. To make farmworkers aware of alternatives to massive use of agrotoxics is the guarantee for an agriculture development more sustainable, without disorders in human health and in environment

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV