The 66 k-Da protein identified as a light meromyosin is involved in the setting of surimi

The 66 kilo-Dalton (k-Da) protein split off from the cross linked myosin heavy chain (CMHC) formed due to the setting of Alaska pollack surimi, frozen-storage of Pacific cod flesh, and vinegar-curing of Pacific mackerel mince was identified as a light meromyosin (LMM). Puncture and stress-relaxation tests showed that the actomyosin subunits (AMS) of Alaska pollack surimi, upon setting at 30°C, transformed into gel, although the elasticity of this gel was very low when compared to the gels from surimi or actomyosin (AM). Electrophoretic studies showed that the band due to LMM in the gel from AMS gradually disappeared with the progress of setting but higher molecular weight polymer did not form. The intensity of the bands due to other myosin sub-fragments decreased a little. The findings suggest that at setting temperature, LMM of MHC molecule leads to an unfolding resulting in an intramolecular aggregation through non-covalent interactions, and thus plays a significant role in the crosslinking of MHC.

Preparation of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films by filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition

Tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon (ta-C) and nitrogen doped (ta-C:N) films were obtained at room temperature in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) system incorporating an off-plane double bend (S-bend) magnetic filter. The influence of the negative bias voltage applied to substrates (from -20 to -350 V) and the nitrogen background pressure (up to 10-3 Torr) on film properties was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR). The ta-C films showed sp3 fractions between 84% and 88%, and mass densities around 3.2 g/cm3 in the wide range of bias voltage studied. In contrast, the compressive stress showed a maximum value of 11 GPa for bias voltages around -90 V, whereas for lower and higher bias voltages the stress decreased to 6 GPa. As for the ta-C:N films grown at bias voltages below -200 V and with N contents up to 7%, it has been found that the N atoms were preferentially sp3 bonded to the carbon network with a reduction in stress below 8 GPa. Further increase in bias voltage or N content increased the sp2 fraction, leading to a reduction in film density to 2.7 g/cm3.

Low field electron emission from nanoclustered carbon grown by cathodic arc

Nanocluster carbon films grown using a cathodic arc process at room temperature in the presence of background gases such as helium are found to be good electron emitters. The variation in the surface morphology and the corresponding emission characteristics of the films with change in helium partial pressure (5×10-4 to 50 Torr) during film growth are reported. The effect of helium partial pressure on clustering was studied for films grown at nitrogen partial pressures of 10-4 and 10-3 Torr. The surface morphology of the films varied from smooth through clusters (with sizes 50-200 nm) to fibrous films. The threshold field varied from 1 to 10 V/μm for an emission current density 1 μA/cm2.

Skipjack tuna (K. pelamis, L.) resources in the seas around Ceylon

Details are given of the source and processing of data, size composition, seasonal variation in occurrence, abundance and oceanic potential of Katsuwonus pelamis resources in the seas around Sri Lanka. The indirect evidences are indicative of the presence of skipjack resource in the oceanic range around the island, particularly the south and west of Sri Lanka.

The oxidation of CH2O in the intermediate temperature range (943-995 K)

New atmospheric pressure flow reactor data on the oxidation of formaldehyde in the temperature range 943-995 K and over equivalence ratios from 0.013 to 36.7 are reported and discussed. A detailed mechanism assembled from previously published results produced acceptable agreement with the experimental data for the fuel-lean conditions, but failed to predict results for oxidative pyrolysis. Analysis or the very fuel-lean conditions, but failed to modelling results are principally sensitive to CH2O+HO2→HCO+H2O2 (6) and H2O2 +M→OH+OH+M (33). Whereas the specific rate of each reaction cannot be independently determined, it is found that the product k33.k6 is a well defined function of temperature: (3.4±3.0).1028 exp(-(26,800±400)/T). Inadequacies in the mechanism which may be responsible for the disagreement under fuel-rich conditions are discussed. © 1991 Combustion Institute.

Effect of thermal pollution on the hydrological parameters of River Jhelum (J & K)

The Buniyar hydroelectric project and the lower Jhelum Barrier at Gantamulla constructed across river Jhelum are in operation from several years. The two power stations have changed the hydrological features of the area where dam is situated. Therefore, the impact of hydroelectric projects on fishery resources of river Jhelum is a matter of great concern. The treated water from the power house is released through turbines, having cooling effect on them. The change in the hydrological parameters such as increase in temperature, depletion of oxygen etc. might have brought fishes under stress which is the main cause in decreased population of finfishes from site to site. The golden mahseer, Tor putitora which was once an abundant species in river Jhelum has disappeared due to human intervention. The prevailing water quality around hydroelectric projects is unsuitable for finfishes of river Jhelum.

单核细胞、N K细胞和T 细胞在猪-猕猴延迟性异种移植排斥反应中的作用

　目的　观察单核细胞、NK细胞和T 细胞在猪2猕猴延迟性异种移植排斥反应(DXR) 中的作用。方法　建立湖北白猪2云南猕猴的腹腔异位心脏移植模型,实验分为2 组:对照组( n = 5) ,不使用中华眼睛蛇毒因( Y2CVF) ;实验组( n = 4) 应用Y2CVF 完全清除受者体内补体。2 组受 体猴均采用环孢素A(CsA) ,环磷酰胺(CTX) 和甲基强的松龙(MP) 三联免疫抑制治疗。免疫组织 化学方法检测移植心组织中细胞间黏附分子( ICAM)21 、肿瘤坏死因子( TNF)2α、单核细胞、NK 细 胞和T 细胞的表达。结果　对照组3 个移植心在15～60 min 内发生超急性排斥反应(HAR) ,另2 个分别存活22 h 及6 d ,移植心均未见明显的炎性细胞浸润及ICAM21 和TNF2α的表达。实验组 移植心存活时间分别为8 、10 、13 和13 d ,移植物浸润细胞中可见大量的单核细胞(50 %) ,少量的 NK细胞(8 %～10 %) ,CD4 + T 细胞(15 %) 和CD8 + T 细胞(25 %) 。移植物血管内皮细胞表面出现 ICAM21 的表达上调,移植物间质中出现TNF2α的表达增加。结论　单核细胞、NK细胞和T 细胞 介导的移植物损伤,在应用Y2CVF 处理的猪2猕猴DXR 发生中发挥重要作用　

The influence of Mozart's sonata K.448 on visual attention: An ERPs study

In the present study, the effects of Mozart's sonata K.448 on voluntary and involuntary attention were investigated by recording and analyzing behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) data in a three-stimulus visual oddball task. P3a (related to inv