Assembleias fitoplanctônicas no gradiente longitudinal barragem-jusante do reservatório de Itaipu, rio Paraná (Brasil/Paraguai)

The freshwater phytoplankton, responsible for a significant part of primary production in rivers and lakes, is of great importance for matter and energy available to other trophic levels of structuring aquatic food chains. In recent decades, the construction of dams, especially for the generation of electricity, produced changes not only in physical and chemical characteristics of rivers, but also in biocoenosis of these ecosystems. Thus, research is needed to expand the basic knowledge about these environments and subsidize actions appropriate conservation and management. Considering that lotic environments are relatively little studied, and the river-reservoir interaction, the work aims to analyze the limnological conditions and assemblies phytoplankton along the gradient established by the Itaipu reservoir and downstream stretch of the Paraná River. During two periods of the year, winter and summer, we analyzed nine sampling stations: one in lentic environment (the dam), six on the Parana River (each 5 km), at the mouth of a river Monday and another at the mouth of the Iguazu river. The phytoplankton community was composed of 315 taxa, with the class Bacillariophyceae most specious. At every point the richness was higher in summer and with a longitudinal trend in the increasing points after falling after the dam and the contribution of the tributaries. The number of taxa common to the three rivers was low in both study periods. The higher taxa can be explained by the variety of environments sampled, different residence times of water and nutrient concentrations, whereas the rivers Iguazu and Monday suffer high human influence. The greater abundance of organisms in the dam, in both periods, it should be the class Cryptophyceae contributing over 75% of total phytoplankton in point. In cluster analysis (composition and abundance)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Novas abordagens sobre tratamentos da Leishmaniose tegumentar

De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde, a leishmaniose é ainda uma das doenças mais negligenciadas do mundo, afetando principalmente países pobres e em desenvolvimento. As leishmanioses podem, de acordo com a forma de acometimento do homem, dividir-se em dois grandes grupos: visceral e tegumentar. As estatísticas mostram que cerca de 350 milhões de pessoas são consideradas com risco de contrair leishmaniose, e cerca de dois milhões de novos casos ocorrem anualmente. O número de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar no Brasil em 2011 foi de 15.731. É considerada uma doença negligenciada uma vez que os fármacos de escolha são preparações à base de antimoniais, sendo os mesmos desde sua descoberta em 1912. Além disso o tratamento é longo, doloroso e altamente tóxico, assim levando os pacientes muitas vezes a desistirem antes do término previsto. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica a partir do banco de dados do PubMed e Scielo sobre novas pesquisas na área de fármacos e novos tratamentos para leishmaniose cutânea entre os anos de 2007 e 2012.

Distribuição de renda e pobreza no Brasil rural

Since the 60's, the population censuses have revealed a high degree of social inequality in Brazil. The concentration of income, as measured by the Gini index, showed persistently high since then. After the year 2001, we note that the trajectory stability is disrupted and the Gini index begins to show a downward trend. In relation to poverty, there has been two periods in recent history in which there was consistent decrease in the proportion of poor in the years immediately after the Real Plan in 2003 and in the year 2003 onwards. This research aimed to analyze poverty and income distribution in rural Brazil. In this crop sector, it is noted that the average perceived by the rural population is below the Brazilian income and, therefore, there is an increase in the number of poor. In addition, income in rural areas is less concentrated compared to the urban environment. Finally, as occurred in Brazil, there is a rural improvement in indicators of poverty and inequality in the last 10 years. Finally, this paper analyzes the changes that may have contributed to the fall in inequality and rural poverty, including the policy of rural settlement, the credit program to the family farmer (PRONAF) and rural retirement

A descentralização político-administrativa no Brasil: um estudo sobre a disputa entre os municípios de Caiuá e Marabá Paulista pela Decasa Açúcar e Álcool a partir das escalas geográficas de análise

This work has as main objetive to analyze fiscal/tax collection of municipalities after the political-administrative decentralization in Brazil and its new role in this scenario, bringing up the competition for Decasa Sugar and Alcohol between the municipalities of Caiuá and Maraba Paulista in the context of expansion sugarcane cultivation in the Presidente Prudente Geographic Micro Region. The analysis has considered the geographic scales, in order to highlight the power relations on local/regional territory, determined by the Agroenergy Policy Guidelines in Brazil (2006-2011). The two municipalities have from the point of view economic dynamics, irrelevence, proven through the São Paulo Index of Social Responsibility (IPRS), maximizing the importance of the constitutional transfers, such as Participation Fund of Municipalities (FPM). Given this situation, we analyze the four taxes raised by the experts as the most impactful for municipal tax collection before the presence of sugarcane activity: the Territorial Urban Property Tax (IPTU), the Tax on Services of any Nature (ISSQN), the Tax Vehicles owned Motor (IPVA) and the Operations tax on the Circulation of Goods and on Transport Services Rendered Interstate and Intermunicipal (ICMS). It was verified, that only the ISSQN can be seen as an indicator increase in fiscal/tax collection before the presence sugarcane activity...

Relações exteriores da Guiné-Bissau: um estudo das relações bilaterais Guiné-Bissau/Brasil (1974-2014)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Simultaneous circulation of all four dengue serotypes in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil in 2011

Introduction: Manaus, the capital city of the state of Amazon with nearly 2 million inhabitants, is located in the middle of the Amazon rain forest and has suffered dengue outbreaks since 1998. Methods: In this study, blood samples were investigated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), aimed at identifying dengue virus serotypes. Results: Acute phase sera from 432 patients were tested for the presence of dengue virus. Out of the 432 patients, 137 (31.3%) were found to be positive. All the four dengue virus serotypes were observed. Conclusions: The simultaneous circulation of the four dengue serotypes is described for the first time in Manaus and in Brazil.

Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil: prioridade para enfrentamento e investigação

As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis representam a maior carga de morbimortalidade no Brasil. Em 2011, o Ministério da Saúde lançou seu Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, enfatizando ações populacionais para controlar as doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes, câncer e doença respiratória crônica, predominantemente pelo controle do fumo, inatividade física, alimentação inadequada e uso prejudicial de álcool. Apesar da produção científica significativa sobre essas doenças e seus fatores de risco no Brasil, poucos são os estudos de coorte nessa temática. Nesse contexto, o Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) acompanha 15.105 servidores públicos do País. Seus dados espelham a realidade brasileira de altas prevalências de diabetes e hipertensão e dos fatores de risco. A diversidade das informações produzidas permitirá aprofundar o entendimento causal dessas doenças e subsidiar políticas públicas para seu enfrentamento.

Biodiversidad y turismo para un desarrollo sostenible

Organizan el ciclo de conferencias el Centro de Formación de la Cooperación Española en Cartagena de Indias con la colaboración de Cátedra UNESCO de Planificación Turística y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria entre otros

Gestión ambiental de las zonas costeras

Organizan el ciclo de conferencias el Centro de Formación de la Cooperación Española en Cartagena de Indias con la colaboración de Cátedra UNESCO de Planificación Turística y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria -Tides-

Cambios de la delincuencia juvenil de España y Canarias: Análisis de tendencias en el periodo 2005-2011

[ES] De los cambios estudiados de la delincuencia juvenil de España y Canarias por medio del método de regresión lineal segmentada "joinpoint regression" destacamos un aumento del porcentaje de cambio anual estimado (PCA) en varones y mujeres de 14 años para el periodo 2005-2011 en España y un descenso en Canarias. También un aumento de varones y mujeres en la tendencia 2007-2011 para la edad de 17 años de España y Canarias. Por otro lado, las Comunidades Autónomas que se sitúan con un percentil menor del 25 de delincuencia juvenil en varones están: Canarias, Catalunya, Madrid, Melilla y País Vasco. Por último, para delincuencia juvenil femenina y por debajo del percentil 25, tenemos situadas a las Comunidades de: Catalunya, Asturias, Madrid, Melilla y Canarias

Trends in incidence of oesophageal and gastric cancer according to morphology and anatomical location, in Switzerland 1982-2011.

QUESTION UNDER STUDY/PRINCIPLES This study aimed to evaluate trends in the incidence of oesophageal and gastric cancer by anatomical location and histology using nationally representative Swiss data. METHODS We included all oesophageal and gastric cancers recorded in 10 Swiss population-based cancer registries 1982-2011. We calculated age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100 000 person-years (PY) (European standard) for both cancer sites stratified by sex, language region (German, French-Italian), morphology and anatomical location. To assess time trends, we estimated annual percentage changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS ASIR of oesophageal adenocarcinoma increased in both sexes and language regions (p <0.001). The steepest increase occurred in males of the German-speaking region (APC 6.8%, 95% CI 5.8-7.8) with ASIRs of 0.8 per 100,000 PY in 1982-1987 and 3.9 per 100.000 PY in 2007-2011. Incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma decreased significantly in males of both language regions by around -1.5% per year. In contrast, a slight but significant increase (APC 1.4%, 95% CI 0.3-2.4]) of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma was observed in females of the German-speaking region. We observed stable rates for cancer of the gastric cardia. The incidence of noncardia gastric cancer decreased substantially in both sexes and language regions (p <0.001). CONCLUSION In Switzerland, the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has risen whereas incidence of noncardia gastric cancer has decreased substantially as observed in other developed countries.

Re.Sa.Ma.Ja.V- Patrimonio, Historia y Turismo: Plan Estratégico Situacional (PES) del Territorio de las Misiones del Uruguay. (Disp. / Res.). 16H282

Actividades desarrolladas durante el período: actividades con financiamiento del ministerio de Educación de la Nación y Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM.):durante 2010 se realizaron las tareas previstas en los proyectos cuyo financiamiento fue obtenido en 2009 Planificación interpretativa de circuitos turísticos locales. Misiones. 2009. Programa de Voluntariado universitario. Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias. SPU. Ministerio de Educación de la Nación. Nº de resolución de rectorado: 1553/09. Articulaciones para el Plan de manejo integrado de las misiones jesuíticas Santa María y Santos Mártires en Misiones Argentina. UNaM. Programa de fortalecimiento a la extensión universitaria. PROFAE 2009. Nº de Resolución del CD: 1790/09. Planificación interpretativa del centro de visitantes de Santa María la Mayor. Misiones. UNaM. Programa de fortalecimiento a la extensión universitaria. PROFAE 2009. Nº de Resolución: Nº de Resolución del CD: 1790/09. AECID: Actividades con Financiamiento de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el desarrollo: Durante 2009 el equipo ha presentado a la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID)2 una propuesta denominada: Proyecto de activación patrimonial: Santos Mártires del Japón, Santa María La Mayor y Nuestra Señora de la Concepción del Ibitiracuá, por considerar conveniente y sumamente positivo trabajar en conjunto con AECID ya que permitiría articular los esfuerzos de las instituciones implicadas: Gobiernos municipales y provincial, UNaM y actores locales. Por ello se han combinado los recursos de la Universidad con los del financiamiento otorgado por AECID para llevar adelante los proyectos; Formación y capacitación: el equipo desarrolla permanentemente acciones de formación y perfeccionamiento durante 2010; Diagnóstico situacional referido al área del proyecto: durante esta etapa nos propusimos ampliar el equipo de profesionales a los efectos de elaborar lineamientos que contribuyan al diagnostico para el ordenamiento territorial del área proyecto. En principio nos habíamos propuesto obtener los servicios profesionales de un economista y un, ingeniero agrónomo o forestal a los efectos de que colaboren desde de sus respectivas áreas temáticas en la elaboración de la agenda de proyectos sociales básicos.

Interculturalidad e internacionalización en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

En esta investigación se articulan los antecedentes bibliográficos y diversos estudios sobre internacionalización de la educación superior y movilidad estudiantil, el enfoque latinoamericano de la interculturalidad y la perspectiva teórico-metodológica de Pierre Bourdieu. Existen múltiples y relevantes contribuciones que han analizado el fenómeno de la interculturalidad desde América Latina. Considerando que la educación superior latinoamericana viene atravesando un proceso constante y creciente de internacionalización, es un espacio en el que las reflexiones acerca de la interculturalidad han encontrado poco eco. De esta manera, resulta de especial interés plantear desde un ámbito universitario público, que promueve cada vez más su vinculación internacional, qué signo ha tenido la política de internacionalización universitaria en el período 2002-2010 y qué desafíos presenta desde la perspectiva de la interculturalidad.