The contribution of transposable elements to Bos taurus gene structure

In an effort to identify the contribution of TEs to bovine genome evolution, the abundance, distribution and insertional orientation of TEs were examined in all bovine nuclear genes identified in sequence build 2.1 (released October 11, 2005). Exons, introns and promoter segments (3 kb upstream the transcription initiation sites) were screened with the RepeatMasker program. Most of the genes analyzed contained TE insertions, with an average of 18 insertions/gene. The majority of TE insertions identified were classified as retrotransposons and the remainder classified as DNA transposons. TEs were inserted into exons and promoter segments infrequently, while insertion into intron sequences was strikingly more abundant. The contribution of TEs to exon sequence is of great interest because TE insertions can directly influence the phenotype by altering protein sequences. We report six cases where the entire exon sequences of bovine genes are apparently derived from TEs and one of them, the insertion of Charlie into a bovine transcript similar to the zinc finger 452 gene is analyzed in detail. The great similarity of the TE-cassette sequence to the ZNF452 protein and phylogenetic relationship strongly suggests the occurrence of Charlie 10 DNA exaptation in the mammalian zinc finger 452 gene. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

O formalismo supersimétrico e suas aplicações em mecânica quântica

Pós-graduação em Biofísica Molecular - IBILCE

Construção participativa de conhecimentos sobre resíduos no Programa de Coleta Seletiva da Unesp-Bauru: reflexões e ações

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alternativas no controle fitossanitário em diferentes cultivares de morangueiro como ferramenta na produção integrada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da atividade antiparasitária de Artemisia annua sobre Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus e Haemonchus contortus, in vivo, por meio do fornecimento do material vegetal seco na alimentação animal

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Compreendendo a experiência da equipe multiprofissional em uma unidade de queimados

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

O pós-moderno e a relação entre literatura e história em Running dog, de Don Delillo

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

O pensamento humanitário de Charles Chaplin: os interlocutores não-excluídos

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Indicators of the risk mechanics for Class-I and Class-II amalgam and composite resin restorations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo do fenômeno de instabilidade de estruturas cilíndricas de paredes finas submetidas ao carregamento de pressão externa

Thin walled cylindrical shells are widely used in many areas of industry, including civil, mechanical, nuclear, marine, petroleum and aerospace engineering. The wide application of thin cylindrical shells and the importance of instability phenomenon are the motivation basis to this study, since these factors have a great importance in engineering projects. It is presented a detailed study about the instability of cylindrical shells based on theoretical calculation, which results are compared with finite elements method calculation. The loading and boundary conditions analyzed are based on the most common types verified in real engineering projects and refer respectively to lateral (external) pressure and cylinders with simply supported edges. The calculation based on the finite elements method was executed with ANSYS 13.0 software. The results obtained with this calculation are in good agreement with the analytical theory presented in the technical note NACA No 1341 (BATDORF, 1947) considering a wide range of applicability. On the other hand, the analytical method presented in the book Theory of Elastic Stability (TIMOSHENKO; GERE, 1936) has a very restrict applicability and has presented considerable deviations in a great sort of the analyzed cases

Um debate sobre os limites do crescimento econômico no Brasil sob a perspectiva do modelo Harrod-Domar

Desde fins da década de 70, com as crises do petróleo e a crise externa, ocorreram mudanças no sistema internacional de financiamento que levaram o sistema econômico brasileiro do “milagre econômico” à “década perdida”. Com isso, os anos 80 foram marcados por períodos de recessão, desequilíbrios internos, descontrole inflacionário, déficits no setor público, resultando em problemas macroeconômicos, os quais se tornaram herança para as próximas décadas. Sendo assim, nos anos 80, 90 e, parte dos anos 2000, a economia brasileira teve como principal foco políticas de visassem o ajuste econômico e a estabilização, deixando o crescimento econômico como segundo plano, fato que resultou em um baixo crescimento econômico, ou seja, baixas taxas do PIB real. Contudo, este fato foi contrariado a partir de 2004 quando o Brasil passou a apresentar taxas mais significativas de investimento, permitindo um crescimento do PIB superior a 5% a.a., sendo que para este período muitos economistas defendiam que a economia nacional poderia crescer de forma “sustentada”, sem causar pressões inflacionárias, a um nível de 4,5% a 5% ao ano. Assim sendo, nos dias atuais uma das abordagens com maior enfoque no ramo econômico é a questão do crescimento sustentável, o qual esteja dentro dos limites estruturais da economia brasileira, e com isso não gere pressões inflacionárias. Este questionamento ganhou força devido ao fato de que nos últimos anos o Brasil tem apresentado um crescimento acelerado, preocupando muitos economistas, os quais acreditam que este crescimento seja insustentável e contrariando outros, que defendem que, as taxas de crescimento do PIB (Produto Interno Bruto) se dão em níveis muito baixos, inferiores ao crescimento permitido pelo potencial estrutural do Brasil, devido ao controle que é aplicado a esta taxa em relação à meta de inflação determinada... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Evaluation of dental restorations: a comparative study between clinical and digital photographic assessments

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a direct clinical evaluation method with an indirect digital photographic method in assessing the quality of dental restorations. Seven parameters (color, occlusal marginal adaptation, anatomy form, roughness, occlusal marginal stain, luster, and secondary caries) were assessed in 89 Class I and Class II restorations from 36 adults using the modified US Public Health Service/Ryge criteria. Standardized photographs of the same restorations were digitally processed by Adobe Photoshop software, separated into the following four groups and assessed by two calibrated examiners: Group A: The original photograph displayed at 100%, without modifications (IMG100); Group B: Formed by images enlarged at 150% (IMG150); Group C: Formed by digital photographs displayed at 100% (mIMG100), with digital modifications (levels adjustment, shadow and highlight correction, color balance, unsharp Mask); and Group D: Formed by enlarged photographs displayed at 150% with modifications (mIMG150), with the same adjustments made to Group C. Photographs were assessed on a calibrated screen (Macbook) by two calibrated clinicians, and the results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon tests (SSPS 11.5) at 95% CI. Results: The photographic method produced higher reliability levels than the direct clinical method in all parameters. The evaluation of digital images is more consistent with clinical assessment when restorations present some moderate defect (Bravo) and less consistent when restorations are clinically classified as either satisfactory (Alpha) or in cases of severe defects (Charlie). Conclusion: The digital photographic method is a useful tool for assessing the quality of dental restorations, providing information that goes unnoticed with the visual-tactile clinical examination method. Additionally, when analyzing restorations using the Ryge modified criteria, the digital photographic method reveals a significant increase of defects compared to those clinically observed with the naked eye. Photography by itself, without the need for enlargement or correction, provides more information than clinical examination and can lead to unnecessary overtreatment.

Longitudinal results of a 10-year clinical trial of repair of amalgam restorations

The aim of this prospective, blind, and randomized clinical trial was to assess the effectiveness of repair of localized clinical defects in amalgam restorations that were initially scheduled for replacement. A cohort of 20 patients with 40 (Class I and Class II) amalgam restorations that presented one or more clinical features that deviated from the ideal (Bravo or Charlie) according to US Public Health Service criteria, were randomly assigned to either the repair or the replacement group—A: repair, n = 19; and B: replacement, n = 21. Two examiners who had calibration expertise evaluated the restorations at baseline and 10 years after according to seven parameters: marginal occlusal adaptation, anatomic form, surface roughness, marginal staining, contact, secondary caries, and luster. After 10 years, 30 restorations (75%) were evaluated (Group A: n = 17; Group B: n = 13). Repaired and replaced amalgam restorations showed similar survival outcomes regarding marginal defects and secondary caries in patients with low and medium caries risk, and most of the restorations were considered clinically acceptable after 10 years. Repair treatment increased the potential for tooth longevity, using a minimally interventional procedure. All restorations trend to downgrade over time.

Sealing composite with defective margins, good care or over treatment? results of a 10-year clinical trial

Purpose: The objective of this study was to clinically evaluate sealed composite restorations after 10 years and compare their behavior with respect to controls. Methods and Materials: The cohort consisted of 20 patients aged 18 to 80 years with 80 composite restorations. All participants in the sealing and no-treatment groups presented with clinical features for the marginal adaptation that deviated from the ideal and were rated Bravo (United States Public Health Service criteria). Composites with Alfa values for the marginal adaptation were used as the positive control. Results: The marginal adaptation behavior was similar between the sealing and control (+) groups, with a high frequency of Bravo values in the 10th year (80% and 51%, respectively). Most of the no-treatment (-) group maintained the Bravo values (91%) for 10 years, although some restorations (9%) progressed to Charlie values. The anatomy parameter differed significantly between the first and 10th years, with deterioration in all three groups (p,0.05). The secondary caries parameter had a similar behavior in the three groups (p.0.05). Conclusions: Sealing the margins of the composite resin restorations had no significant effect compared with the control groups, under the conditions of this study. Sealing the restorations substantially improved the marginal staining and marginal adaptation parameters, although by the tenth year they were similar to the group without intervention.

A Competência em informação para a construção de conhecimento no processo decisório: estudo de caso na Duratex de Agudos (SP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)