987 resultados para Geotechnical cartography


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El misterio que rodea el mapa de la primera ciudad imperial azteca, publicado en la traducción latina de la Segunda Carta de Relación de Hernán Cortés -su origen, su orientación, su autoría, su sentido-, se ve acompañado por los cambios que, con un claro sesgo ideológico, introducen las reproducciones posteriores en las imprentas de toda Europa. Si no resultan menos enigmáticos los rasgos que, en cambio, permanecen inalterados, tampoco arrojan luz sus nuevos empleos, independizándose ya de la relación cortesiana para ilustrar más crónicas o completar la descripción de otras ciudades americanas. El estudio de la suerte de aquel plano de la ciudad conquistada, que algunos atribuyeron al propio Durero, tendrá que habérselas con el proceso complejísimo por el que una representación como la cartográfica -que se busca sea descriptiva, objetiva, exacta- alcanza en este caso los modos y maneras de una ficción o un espejismo, hasta dejar de funcionar como mapa únicamente para convertirse en un ramillete de relatos entrecruzados

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Este trabajo reconstruye los diferentes mapas de la ciudad que se van trazando a partir de los itinerarios, las localizaciones y los vínculos de los personajes en algunas novelas argentinas aparecidas en la década de 1880, con el objeto de demostrar que esta cartografía urbana es el emergente de una estructura de sentimiento legitimadora de la hegemonía de una clase y que se conecta, a su vez, con la necesidad de reducir y simplificar las relaciones sociales cada vez más problemáticas de la ciudad moderna.

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El objetivo del trabajo es explorar las ventajas de los SIG como herramienta para el inventario y gestión de información agropecuaria de pequeñas explotaciones. En el área de estudio, la planificación de la actividad rural muchas veces se realiza de manera intuitiva, lo que genera una deficiente utilización de la información y los recursos. Actualmente, los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) son una herramienta que posibilita el fácil almacenaje, acceso y gestión de datos. Los establecimientos ejemplo se seleccionaron por la disponibilidad de información registrada y porque las actividades realizadas son representativas del área. Se inventarió y relacionó la información, lo que generó cartografía que permitió visualizar diferentes escenarios productivos. Quedó demostrada la eficiencia de los SIG como una herramienta que mejora la gestión de la información inventariada y posibilita la planificación de la actividad futura

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En el departamento Bermejo, provincia de Chaco, a fines del siglo XIX se origina uno de los ingenios azucareros más importantes del país: Las Palmas del Chaco Austral S.A. En la década de los noventa es víctima de las políticas de privatización imperantes del momento. Como consecuencia, se produce su cierre y posterior desaparición, lo que supuso la eliminación de la principal fuente de trabajo de la localidad. Las tendencias actuales y novedosas en teledetección, cartografía digital y Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) son una forma útil e importante de ofrecer conocimientos actualizados para el diagnóstico, monitoreo y su aplicación en la gestión e investigación de recursos presentes en los distintos lugares de nuestro país. En el presente trabajo se pretende analizar los cambios producidos en el uso de suelo en las tierras del ex Ingenio a partir del cierre del mismo, mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales de los años 1987 y 2001, y de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). El análisis multiespectral y multitemporal de las mismas permitirá discriminar los tipos de cobertura del suelo sobre la base de su respuesta espectral.

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Un plan cartográfico es un proceso contradictorio en el cual intervienen decisiones técnicas y políticas que pueden cambiar e incluso modificar los objetivos iniciales del plan. Sin embardo, la historiografía clásica de la cartografía sostiene que la toma de tales decisiones es el resultado de medidas únicamente científicas y técnicas en las que no existen intereses ni contradicciones políticas. En este trabajo intentamos rastrear -en las etapas de la producción cartográfica argentina- los momentos en los que la ciencia y la política se entrelazan de tal manera que son constitutivas de la ciencia cartográfica. Para ello tomamos los proyectos cartográficos del IGM: el Plan de la Carta y la Carta Militar Provisional; y la determinación geodésica del DATUM altimétrico que se llevó a cabo en torno a la Comisión para la Medición del Arco de Meridiano

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The idea of Territorial Intelligence emphasizes the participation of different types from actors in the decisions that concern to the local territory. Between the communitarian actors, the ocal organizations are fundamental because they have an existential knowledge of the geographic space who share the neighbors. That knowledge, is focused generally in the deficiencies of the district or of the district and it is constituted in its reason of being, like average for the defense as opposed to the authority of the local government. This so shared in common function is left lamentably to a quite traditional relation like intermediary between municipality and community annotated. A special case constitutes the cooperative calls of rural services or vicinal organizations that are in charge to administer the service of potable water, those that are generally led by people greater or small proprietors of traditional agriculture. A strong territorial identity can be observed that, as opposed to the transformations and modernization of the field, subsists exactly by that feeling of root. In the province of Mendoza, the importance of the ocal organizations was increased during the decade of the' 90 with the decentralization processes, to canalize house policies, some public works and services in the districts. From a perspective of associated management, projects of economic, cultural, environmental development would have to revitalize their function like organizations able to also agglutinate not only demands but that they promote to the local territory from other dimensions. With these motivations and the purpose of proposing strategies to induce practices of ocal work with territorial intelligence, a set of reflections that allow to compare the space distribution and the characteristics of these organizations between 90 years' and the present time, in some departments of the province of Mendoza appears. The most important result is expressed in a tipología of ocal unions, with a cartography that ties feasible territory and social actors to collaborate to generate transformations social, specially in rural areas

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El artículo se propone analizar la relación entre la comedia española del Siglo de Oro y la puesta en escena del espacio geográfico. Al ejemplo de una "comedia de santos" de Miguel de Cervantes, El Rufián dichoso, quisiéramos mostrar, que su autor, como Shakespeare o Lope de Vega, introduce una significación prioritariamente geográfica en el topos tradicional del theatrum mundi; pero además utiliza la escena y los mapas para constituir otros espacios que no pueden ser visualizados directamente y que uno podría llamar espacios "metageográficos". Así, la literatura barroca da lugar a una nueva técnica de la imaginación espacial

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Submarine slope failures of various types and sizes are common along the tectonic and seismically active Ligurian margin, northwestern Mediterranean Sea, primarily because of seismicity up to ~M6, rapid sediment deposition in the Var fluvial system, and steepness of the continental slope (average 11°). We present geophysical, sedimentological and geotechnical results of two distinct slides in water depth >1,500 m: one located on the flank of the Upper Var Valley called Western Slide (WS), another located at the base of continental slope called Eastern Slide (ES). WS is a superficial slide characterized by a slope angle of ~4.6° and shallow scar (~30 m) whereas ES is a deep-seated slide with a lower slope angle (~3°) and deep scar (~100 m). Both areas mainly comprise clayey silt with intermediate plasticity, low water content (30-75 %) and underconsolidation to strong overconsolidation. Upslope undeformed sediments have low undrained shear strength (0-20 kPa) increasing gradually with depth, whereas an abrupt increase in strength up to 200 kPa occurs at a depth of ~3.6 m in the headwall of WS and ~1.0 m in the headwall of ES. These boundaries are interpreted as earlier failure planes that have been covered by hemipelagite or talus from upslope after landslide emplacement. Infinite slope stability analyses indicate both sites are stable under static conditions; however, slope failure may occur in undrained earthquake condition. Peak earthquake acceleration from 0.09 g on WS and 0.12 g on ES, i.e. M5-5.3 earthquakes on the spot, would be required to induce slope instability. Different failure styles include rapid sedimentation on steep canyon flanks with undercutting causing superficial slides in the west and an earthquake on the adjacent Marcel fault to trigger a deep-seated slide in the east.

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Dynamic penetrometer data obtained with the Nimrod penetrometer (MARUM). Data is presented as (i) penetration depth (including for different layers if present), (ii) measured deceleration and (iv) estimated quasi-static bearing capacity including range of uncertainty due to the processing method. Lat/Long coordinates are given.

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With the coupled use of multibeam swath bathymetry, high-resolution subbottom profiling and sediment coring from icebreakers in the Arctic Ocean, there is a growing awareness of the prevalence of Quaternary ice-grounding events on many of the topographic highs found in present water depths of <1000 m. In some regions, such as the Lomonosov Ridge and Yermak Plateau, overconsolidated sediments sampled through either drilling or coring are found beneath seismically imaged unconformities of glacigenic origin. However, there exists no comprehensive analysis of the geotechnical properties of these sediments, or how their inferred stress state may be related to different glacigenic processes or types of ice-loading. Here we combine geophysical, stratigraphic and geotechnical measurements from the Lomonosov Ridge and Yermak Plateau and discuss the glacial geological implications of overconsolidated sediments. The degree of overconsolidation, determined from measurements of porosity and shear strength, is shown to result from consolidation and/or deformation below grounded ice and, with the exception of a single region on the Lomonosov Ridge, cannot be explained by erosion of overlying sediments. We demonstrate that the amount and depth of porosity loss associated with a middle Quaternary (~ 790-950 thousand years ago - ka) grounding on the Yermak Plateau is compatible with sediment consolidation under an ice sheet or ice rise. Conversely, geotechnical properties of sediments from beneath late Quaternary ice-groundings in both regions, independently dated to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6, indicate a more transient event commensurate with a passing tabular iceberg calved from an ice shelf.

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The objective of this study was to determine shifts in the microbial community structure and potential function based on standard Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) storage procedures for sediment cores. Standard long-term storage protocols maintain sediment temperature at 4°C for mineralogy, geochemical, and/or geotechnical analysis whereas standard microbiological sampling immediately preserves sediments at -80°C. Storage at 4°C does not take into account populations may remain active over geologic time scales at temperatures similar to storage conditions. Identification of active populations within the stored core would suggest geochemical and geophysical conditions within the core change over time. To test this potential, the metabolically active fraction of the total microbial community was characterized from IODP Expedition 325 Great Barrier Reef sediment cores prior to and following a 3-month storage period. Total RNA was extracted from complementary 2, 20, and 40 m below sea floor sediment samples, reverse transcribed to complementary DNA and then sequenced using 454 FLX sequencing technology, yielding over 14,800 sequences from the six samples. Interestingly, 97.3% of the sequences detected were associated with lineages that changed in detection frequency during the storage period including key biogeochemically relevant lineages associated with nitrogen, iron, and sulfur cycling. These lineages have the potential to permanently alter the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediment promoting misleading conclusions about the in situ biogeochemical environment. In addition, the detection of new lineages after storage increases the potential for a wider range of viable lineages within the subsurface that may be underestimated during standard community characterizations.