Geochemistry of Fe-Mn crusts at seamounts in the Northwest Pacific

Hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts were dredged from four seamounts in the western Pacific, OSM7, OSM2, Lomilik, and Lemkein, aligned in a NW-SE direction parallel to Pacific Plate movement. The crusts consist of four well-defined layers with distinct textural and geochemical properties. The topmost layer 1 is relatively enriched in Mn, Co, Ni, and Mo compared to the underlying layer 2, which is relatively enriched in Al, Ti, K, and Rb and Cu, Zn, and excess Ba. Textural and geochemical properties of layer 2 suggest growth conditions under high biogenic and detrital flux. Such conditions are met in the equatorial Pacific (i.e., between the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and equatorial high-productivity zone). Layer 2 likely formed when each seamount was beneath the equatorial Pacific along its back track path. On the other hand, layer 1 probably started to grow after seamounts moved northwest from the ITCZ. This interpretation is consistent with the thickness of layer 1 across the four crusts, which increases to the northwest. Ages of the layer 1-layer 2 boundary in each crust, a potential proxy for northern margin of the ITCZ, also increase to the northwest at 17, 11, 8, and 5 Ma for OSM7, OSM2, Lomilik, and Lemkein, respectively. Assuming Pacific Plate motion of 0.3°/Myr, the seamounts were located at 12°N, 11°N, 9°N, and 8°N at the time of boundary formation. This result suggests that the north edge of the ITCZ has shifted south since the middle Miocene in the western Pacific, which agrees with information from the eastern Pacific.

Description historique de l'edifice que les sieurs Guerin pere & fils, Testard & Dodenand, artificiers du roy, auront l'honneur de présenter pour bouquet à Sa Majesté à la fête de la Saint Louis, 1741.

Head-piece; decorative initial.

Provençal regionalism; a study of the movement in the Revue félibréenne, Le feu, and other reviews of southern France,

Bibliographical references included in "Notes" (p. 218-259).

Fêtes et courtisanes de la Grèce : supplément aux Voyages d'Anacharsis et d'Antenor : comprenant, 1o. la chronique religieuse des anciens Grecs : tableau de leurs moeurs publiques : 2o. la chronique qu'aucuns nommeront scandaleuse : tableau de leurs moeurs privées : 3o. un almanach athénien : 4o. la description des danses grecques, etc.

"Dictionnaire des prêtresses d'Amathonthe ... Les aventures de Sapho, poëte de Mitylène ... del celebre A. V. [i. e. Alessandro Verri]": v. 4.

Vando y Leyes del rey Iacobo de Inglaterra contra la fe catolica con su respuesta y advertencias al letor [sic.] para la aueriguacion e inteligencia deste caso, prouechosas para el mismo Rey y para todos : con tabla de las materias /

Contiene el texto del bando y de otras leyes y textos anticatólicos, con su refutación.

Elias solitarius seu cum deo B.V.M. coeterisque SS. coelitibus patronis, sociata solitudo, per humiles preces meditationes, et exercitia /

Mode of access: Internet.

[Libro de la oracion y meditacion : en el qual se trata de la consideracion de los principales mysterios de nuestra fe y de las partes y doctrina para la oracion /

Mode of access: Internet.

La vie de la b. Catherine Tegakoüita dite à present la Saincte Sauuagesse;

Large paper.

Histoire de la ville de Thouars, depuis l'an 759 jusqu'en 1815, avec un supplément qui renferme la conspiration du géneral Berton, et les détails de son entreprise sur cette ville le 24 février, 1822.

Mode of access: Internet.

A campaign from Santa Fe to the Mississippi; being a history of the old Sibley Brigade.

Reproduction of the Duke University Library copy of the 1865 ed.

In Epist. B. Pauli Apost. ad Philippenses comment. [e] adnotat. tomus posterior /

Mode of access: Internet.

Journal de Jean Le Fèvre, évêque de Chartres, chancelier des rois de Sicile Louis I et Louis II d'Anjou /

No more published.

Collegij Salmanticensis FF. Discalceatorum B. Mariae de Monte Carmeli ... Cursus theologicus : iuxta miram Divi Thomae praeceptoris angelici doctrinam.

Mode of access: Internet.

Fe, patria y hogar : colección de poesías /

Mode of access: Internet.

Morphological features of interfacial intermetallics and interfacial reaction rate in Al-11Si-2.5Cu-(0.15/0.60)Fe cast alloy/die steel couples

Soldering reactions are commonly observed during high pressure die casting of aluminium alloys, and involve the formation and growth of interfacial intermetallics between the die and the cast alloy. It is generally believed that close to 1% Fe is necessary in the aluminium alloy to reduce soldering. However, the role of iron in the interfacial reaction has not been studied in detail. In this investigation, reaction couples were formed between H13 tool steel substrates and an Al-11Si-2.5Cu melt containing either 0.15 or 0.60% Fe. Examination revealed distinctly different intermetallic layer morphology. The overall growth and chemistry of the reaction layer and the reaction rate measured by the consumption of the substrate were compared for the two alloy melts. It was demonstrated that a higher iron content reduces the rate of interfacial reaction, consistent with an observed thicker compact ( solid) intermetallic layer. Hence, the difference in reaction rate can be explained by a significant reduction in the diffusion flux due to a thicker compact layer. Finally, the mechanism of the growth of a thicker compact layer in the higher iron melt is proposed, based on the phase relations and diffusion both within and near the interfacial reaction zone. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.