Els set sabers traslladats al cinema formatiu. "Explorando la máquina de los sueños". El cine y la infancia en contextos de educación no formal

Podeu consultar el document complet de la "XVI Setmana de Cinema Formatiu" a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/22523

Edgar Morin: Autor dels set sabers i savi educador dels nostres dies

Podeu consultar el document senser de la "XVI Setmana de Cinema Formatiu" a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/22523

Test result-based sampling: an efficient design for estimating the accuracy of patient safety indicators.

OBJECTIVE: Accuracy studies of Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) are critical but limited by the large samples required due to low occurrence of most events. We tested a sampling design based on test results (verification-biased sampling [VBS]) that minimizes the number of subjects to be verified. METHODS: We considered 3 real PSIs, whose rates were calculated using 3 years of discharge data from a university hospital and a hypothetical screen of very rare events. Sample size estimates, based on the expected sensitivity and precision, were compared across 4 study designs: random and VBS, with and without constraints on the size of the population to be screened. RESULTS: Over sensitivities ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 and PSI prevalence levels ranging from 0.02 to 0.2, the optimal VBS strategy makes it possible to reduce sample size by up to 60% in comparison with simple random sampling. For PSI prevalence levels below 1%, the minimal sample size required was still over 5000. CONCLUSIONS: Verification-biased sampling permits substantial savings in the required sample size for PSI validation studies. However, sample sizes still need to be very large for many of the rarer PSIs.

Set obres sobre retòrica i persuasió

El comentari crític de set obres sobre retòrica i persuasió, publicades recentment, ofereix una visió de diverses perspectives teòriques i també de les aplicacions a situacions comunicatives específiques. Les obres són El arte de hablar , de José Antonio Hernández Guerrero i María del Carmen García Tejera; Retórica , de Giambattista Vico, editada per primera vegada en castellà; 40 jocs per parlar català , de Jacqueline Jacquet, Sílvia Casulleras, Núria Mirabet; Acròbates de l'emoció , d'Amadeu Viana; Tres finestres obertes al món de la comunicació , de Ricard Morant i Miquel Peñarroya; El lenguaje de la negociación , de Joan Mulholland; i Tècniques de negociació i resolució de conflictes , de Carles Mendieta i Suñé.

Réplication cérébrale du VIH malgré une thérapie antirétrovirale efficace: impact clinique et prise en charge [Intracerebral HIV replication despite an efficient antiretroviral treatment: clinical impact and management].

Various neurological and neuropsychological manifestations are still relatively frequently reported in HIV infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. A fraction of them could be related to HIV replication in the central nervous system (CNS) despite adequate peripheral viral suppression. This hypothesis is supported by numerous reports of detectable HIV RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid in the context of a low or undetectable viremia in association with neurological or neuropsychological complaints. In addition, some antiviral molecules may not achieve adequate levels in the CNS, thus potentially favoring intracerebral HIV replication and even antiretroviral resistance. Neurologic manifestations in the presence of CNS HIV replication often decrease after antiretroviral treatment CNS penetration optimization.

Stability of soybean yield through different sowing periods

Soybean yield is highly affected by sowing period and there are significant productivity losses when sowings are done outward a relatively restricted period in many regions of Brazil. Breeding cultivars less sensitive to photoperiod and to temperature variations is desirable for adaptation to wider sowing period and wider latitude range and also make irrigated soybean cultivation possible during the fall-winter seasons in frost free regions. The possibility of selecting high yielding and stable lines for yield during various sowing periods was studied by analyzing the behavior of 100 non-selected advanced lines (F9 and F10), from each one of all possible biparental crosses involving the genotypes BR85-29009, OCEPAR 8, FT-2, and BR-13. Experiments were set up in a completely randomized design with single-plant hill plots and received supplementary irrigation. Sowing was on Sept 27, Oct 20, Nov 17, and Dec 17 in 1993/94 and Sept 20, Oct 20, Nov 17, and Dec 14 in 1994/95 at Londrina, PR, Brazil. Procedures of regression analysis and minimum variance among planting date means were efficient for selecting stable lines during the four sowing seasons. It was possible to select stable and high yielding genotypes through the four sowing periods in all the crosses. No specific cross was clearly better to produce a greater number of stable genotypes.

Immediate hip spica is as effective as but more efficient than flexible intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures in preschool children

Résumé¦L'Embrochage Centro-Médullaire Elastique Stable (ECMES) est le traitement de choix des fractures du fémur chez l'enfant en âge scolaire. Il est pratiqué avec succès chez le jeune enfant, alors que l'Immobilisation par Plâtre (IP) était la technique la plus largement utilisée jusque-là.¦Méthode : Une analyse rétrospective comparant deux groupes d'enfants âgés de 1 à 4 ans avec des fractures diaphysaires du fémur a été effectuée. Deux hôpitaux universitaires, utilisant chacun une méthode de traitement spécifique, ont participé à cette étude : l'IP dans le groupe I (Bâle, Suisse) et l'ECMES dans le groupe II (Lausanne, Suisse).¦Résultats : Le groupe I inclue 19 enfants avec un âge médian de 26 mois (12-46 mois). La médiane du séjour hospitalier est de 1 jour (0-5 jours) et le plâtre est laissé en place pour une durée médiane de 21 jours (12-29 jours). Une anesthésie générale a été nécessaire chez 6 enfants et une sédation chez 4. Des lésions cutanées secondaires au plâtre sont apparues chez 2 enfants (10.5%). La médiane de la durée du suivi est de 114 mois (37-171 mois). Aucun défaut de consolidation n'est à déplorer. Le groupe II inclue 27 enfants avec un âge médian de 38.4 mois (18.7-46.7 mois). La médiane du séjour hospitalier est de 4 jours (1-13 jours). Tous les enfants ont nécessité une anesthésie générale pour la mise en place et pour le retrait des broches. La mobilisation et la mise en charge complète du membre ont été permises respectivement à une médiane de 2 jours (1-10 jours) et 7 jours (1-30 jours) postopératoires. Une complication sous la forme d'une extériorisation à la peau d'une broche a été notée chez 3 enfants (11%). La médiane de la durée du suivi et de 16.5 mois (8-172 mois). Aucun défaut de consolidation n'est à déplorer.¦Conclusion : Les jeunes enfants présentant une fracture diaphysaire du fémur, traité pas IP ou ECMES, ont des résultats favorables et des taux de complications similaires. L'ECMES permet une mobilisation et une charge complète sur le membre fracturé plus rapide. Mais comparé à l'IP, l'ECMES requiert un plus grand nombre d'anesthésies générales. Chez un enfant d'âge préscolaire présentant une fracture diaphysaire du fémur, l'application immédiate d'un plâtre par une équipe orthopédique pédiatrique entraînée à la mise en place de plâtre chez l'enfant, permet un retour à domicile rapide et un taux de complication bas.

A Study of Portland Cement Maintenance Mix and Set Accelerators, R-249, 1970

The large volume of traffic on the interstate system makes it difficult to make pavement repairs. The maintenance crew needs 4-5 hours to break out the concrete to be replaced and prepare the hole for placing new concrete. Because of this it is usually noon before the patch can be placed. Since it is desirable to remove the barricades before dark there are only 7-8 hours for the concrete to reach the required strength. There exists a need for a concrete that can reach the necessary strength (modulus of rupture = 500 psi) in 7-8 hours. The purpose of this study is to determine if type III cement and/or an accelerator can be used in an M-4 mix to yield a fast setting patch with very little shrinkage. It is recognized that calcium chloride is a corrosive material and may therefore have detrimental effects upon the reinforcing steel. The study of these effects, however, is beyond the scope of this investigation.

A set of indicators for decomposing the secular increase of life expectancy.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The ongoing increase in life expectancy in developed countries is associated with changes in the shape of the survival curve. These changes can be characterized by two main, distinct components: (i) the decline in premature mortality, i.e., the concentration of deaths around some high value of the mean age at death, also termed rectangularization of the survival curve; and (ii) the increase of this mean age at death, i.e., longevity, which directly reflects the reduction of mortality at advanced ages. Several recent observations suggest that both mechanisms are simultaneously taking place. METHODS: We propose a set of indicators aiming to quantify, disentangle, and compare the respective contribution of rectangularization and longevity increase to the secular increase of life expectancy. These indicators, based on a nonparametric approach, are easy to implement. RESULTS: We illustrate the method with the evolution of the Swiss mortality data between 1876 and 2006. Using our approach, we are able to say that the increase in longevity and rectangularization explain each about 50% of the secular increase of life expectancy. CONCLUSION: Our method may provide a useful tool to assess whether the contribution of rectangularization to the secular increase of life expectancy will remain around 50% or whether it will be increasing in the next few years, and thus whether concentration of mortality will eventually take place against some ultimate biological limit.

Development of a dose-controlled multiculture cell exposure chamber for efficient delivery of airborne and engineered nanoparticles

In order to study the various health influencing parameters related to engineered nanoparticles as well as to soot emitted b diesel engines, there is an urgent need for appropriate sampling devices and methods for cell exposure studies that simulate the respiratory system and facilitate associated biological and toxicological tests. The objective of the present work was the further advancement of a Multiculture Exposure Chamber (MEC) into a dose-controlled system for efficient delivery of nanoparticles to cells. It was validated with various types of nanoparticles (diesel engine soot aggregates, engineered nanoparticles for various applications) and with state-of-the-art nanoparticle measurement instrumentation to assess the local deposition of nanoparticles on the cell cultures. The dose of nanoparticles to which cell cultures are being exposed was evaluated in the normal operation of the in vitro cell culture exposure chamber based on measurements of the size specific nanoparticle collection efficiency of a cell free device. The average efficiency in delivering nanoparticles in the MEC was approximately 82%. The nanoparticle deposition was demonstrated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Analysis and design of the MEC employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and true to geometry representations of nanoparticles with the aim to assess the uniformity of nanoparticle deposition among the culture wells. Final testing of the dose-controlled cell exposure system was performed by exposing A549 lung cell cultures to fluorescently labeled nanoparticles. Delivery of aerosolized nanoparticles was demonstrated by visualization of the nanoparticle fluorescence in the cell cultures following exposure. Also monitored was the potential of the aerosolized nanoparticles to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g. free radicals and peroxides generation), thus expressing the oxidative stress of the cells which can cause extensive cellular damage or damage on DNA.

Towards a consensus view on understanding nanomaterials hazards and managing exposure

The aim of this article is to present an overview of salient issues of exposure, characterisation and hazard assessment of nanomaterials as they emerged from the consensus-building of experts undertaken within the four year European Commission coordination project NanoImpactNet. The approach adopted is to consolidate and condense the findings and problem-identification in such a way as to identify knowledge-gaps and generate a set of interim recommendations of use to industry, regulators, research bodies and funders. The categories of recommendation arising from the consensual view address: significant gaps in vital factual knowledge of exposure, characterisation and hazards; the development, dissemination and standardisation of appropriate laboratory protocols; address a wide range of technical issues in establishing an adequate risk assessment platform; the more efficient and coordinated gathering of basic data; greater inter-organisational cooperation; regulatory harmonization; the wider use of the life-cycle approaches; and the wider involvement of all stakeholders in the discussion and solution-finding efforts for nanosafety.

The Governor's Blue Ribbon Transportation Task Force: Implementation Report for Maximizing the Efficient Use of Iowa's Road Use Tax Fund, 1998

This report documents the Iowa Department of Transportation's accomplishments and ongoing efforts in response to 39 recommendations proposed by the Governor's Blue Ribbon Transportation Task Force at the end of 1995. Governor Terry Branstad challenged the Task Force to "maximize the benefits of each dollar spent from the Road Use Tax Fund."

People on the Edge See More. A conversation with the cuban-american writer Cristina García

L'entrevista amb l'escriptora cubano-americana Cristina García explora el tema de la identitat cubanoamericana i desvetlla la riquesa literària que sorgeix de la fusió de dues cultures, la cubana i la nord-americana, i com aquesta fusió innova la literatura nord-americana tradicional. En la seva novel·la, Dreaming in Cuban (1992), l'escriptora explora els efectes de la Revolució castrista des de la perspectiva de les dones cubanes que van quedar-se a l'illa, així com de les dones que emigraren als Estats Units. The conversation with Cuban-American writer Cristina García explores what it means to be Cuban-American, and reveals how to grow bicultural enriches mainstream American literature. In her novel Dreaming in Cuban (1992), the writer explores the effects of the Castro Revolution from the perspective of Cuban women who remained in Cuba, as well as from the experience of women who emigrated to the United States.

Blue sticky traps are more efficient for the monitoring of Lygus rugulipennis (Heteroptera, Miridae) than yellow sticky traps

Selostus: Siniset liimapyydykset ovat keltaisia liimapyydyksiä tehokkaampia peltoluteen tarkkailussa