Using Multi-Objective Optimization To Maximize Multiple Benefits For Sustainable Drainage Design

For many years, drainage design was mainly about providing sufficient network capacity. This traditional approach had been successful with the aid of computer software and technical guidance. However, the drainage design criteria had been evolving due to rapid population growth, urbanisation, climate change and increasing sustainability awareness. Sustainable drainage systems that bring benefits in addition to water management have been recommended as better alternatives to conventional pipes and storages. Although the concepts and good practice guidance had already been communicated to decision makers and public for years, network capacity still remains a key design focus in many circumstances while the additional benefits are generally considered secondary only. Yet, the picture is changing. The industry begins to realise that delivering multiple benefits should be given the top priority while the drainage service can be considered a secondary benefit instead. The shift in focus means the industry has to adapt to new design challenges. New guidance and computer software are needed to assist decision makers. For this purpose, we developed a new decision support system. The system consists of two main components – a multi-criteria evaluation framework for drainage systems and a multi-objective optimisation tool. Users can systematically quantify the performance, life-cycle costs and benefits of different drainage systems using the evaluation framework. The optimisation tool can assist users to determine combinations of design parameters such as the sizes, order and type of drainage components that maximise multiple benefits. In this paper, we will focus on the optimisation component of the decision support framework. The optimisation problem formation, parameters and general configuration will be discussed. We will also look at the sensitivity of individual variables and the benchmark results obtained using common multi-objective optimisation algorithms. The work described here is the output of an EngD project funded by EPSRC and XP Solutions.

RWater – A Cyber Enabled Tool For Hydrologic Modeling And Analysis

Existing distributed hydrologic models are complex and computationally demanding for using as a rapid-forecasting policy-decision tool, or even as a class-room educational tool. In addition, platform dependence, specific input/output data structures and non-dynamic data-interaction with pluggable software components inside the existing proprietary frameworks make these models restrictive only to the specialized user groups. RWater is a web-based hydrologic analysis and modeling framework that utilizes the commonly used R software within the HUBzero cyber infrastructure of Purdue University. RWater is designed as an integrated framework for distributed hydrologic simulation, along with subsequent parameter optimization and visualization schemes. RWater provides platform independent web-based interface, flexible data integration capacity, grid-based simulations, and user-extensibility. RWater uses RStudio to simulate hydrologic processes on raster based data obtained through conventional GIS pre-processing. The program integrates Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) algorithm for parameter optimization. Moreover, RWater enables users to produce different descriptive statistics and visualization of the outputs at different temporal resolutions. The applicability of RWater will be demonstrated by application on two watersheds in Indiana for multiple rainfall events.

Primitivas para suporte à distribuição de objetos direcionados à pervasive computing

Renovados são os desa os trazidos à computação distribuída pelos recentes desenvolvimentos nas tecnologias de computação móvel. Tais avanços inspiram uma perspectiva na qual a computação tornar-se-á uma entidade ubíqua em um futuro próximo, estando presente nas mais simples atividades do dia-a-dia. Esta perspectiva é motivadora das pesquisas conduzidas no escopo do projeto ISAM, as quais investigam as questões relativas ao uso da computação em ambientes móveis de larga escala. Neste trabalho é apresentado o sistema PRIMOS (PRIMitives for Object Scheduling), o qual busca, pela complementação da plataforma Java, satisfazer as emergentes necessidades do ISAM. Especi camente, o PRIMOS constitui um conjunto de primitivas para instanciação remota e migração de objetos, comunicação e monitoração, direcionadas a um ambiente de computação distribuída de larga escala de características pervasivas. A primitiva de instanciação remota disponibilizada pelo PRIMOS aumenta a plataforma Java padrão com a possibilidade de criar e ativar objetos em nodos remotos do sistema. Por sua vez, a primitiva de migração faculta a relocação de objetos. A consecu- ção de tais semânticas tem como sub-produto a de nição de semânticas para ativação e desativação de objetos, assim como para captura e restauração de contexto de execução. Sob a perspectiva da comunicação, o PRIMOS de ne um esquema de endereçamento independente de protocolo de transporte, assim como uma interface neutra para acesso às facilidades de comunicação. A integração destas funcionalidades ao mecanismo de invocações remotas da plataforma Java, o RMI, permite a desvinculação deste da pilha TCP/IP. Por conseguinte, habilita a adoção de transportes otimizados ao hardware de comunicação disponibilizado pelo sistema. No que se refere à monitoração, o PRIMOS de ne um esquema exível e extensível baseado em sensores. A exibilidade vem principalmente da possibilidade dos sensores terem seus parâmetros de operação recon gurados a qualquer momento em resposta a novas necessidades do sistema. Por outro lado, o sistema é extensível pois o conjunto de sensores básicos, ditos nativos, pode ser aumentado por sensores providos pela aplicação. Com intuito de validar as idéias postuladas, um protótipo foi construído para o sistema. Sobre este, baterias de testes foram realizadas para cada uma das primitivas constituintes do PRIMOS.

Transparent access to relational, autonomous and distributed databases using semantic web and service oriented technologies

With the constant grow of enterprises and the need to share information across departments and business areas becomes more critical, companies are turning to integration to provide a method for interconnecting heterogeneous, distributed and autonomous systems. Whether the sales application needs to interface with the inventory application, the procurement application connect to an auction site, it seems that any application can be made better by integrating it with other applications. Integration between applications can face several troublesome due the fact that applications may not have been designed and implemented having integration in mind. Regarding to integration issues, two tier software systems, composed by the database tier and by the “front-end” tier (interface), have shown some limitations. As a solution to overcome the two tier limitations, three tier systems were proposed in the literature. Thus, by adding a middle-tier (referred as middleware) between the database tier and the “front-end” tier (or simply referred application), three main benefits emerge. The first benefit is related with the fact that the division of software systems in three tiers enables increased integration capabilities with other systems. The second benefit is related with the fact that any modifications to the individual tiers may be carried out without necessarily affecting the other tiers and integrated systems and the third benefit, consequence of the others, is related with less maintenance tasks in software system and in all integrated systems. Concerning software development in three tiers, this dissertation focus on two emerging technologies, Semantic Web and Service Oriented Architecture, combined with middleware. These two technologies blended with middleware, which resulted in the development of Swoat framework (Service and Semantic Web Oriented ArchiTecture), lead to the following four synergic advantages: (1) allow the creation of loosely-coupled systems, decoupling the database from “front-end” tiers, therefore reducing maintenance; (2) the database schema is transparent to “front-end” tiers which are aware of the information model (or domain model) that describes what data is accessible; (3) integration with other heterogeneous systems is allowed by providing services provided by the middleware; (4) the service request by the “frontend” tier focus on ‘what’ data and not on ‘where’ and ‘how’ related issues, reducing this way the application development time by developers.

Gestão de alarmes para a web e dispositivos móveis, utilizando o software Connexall

A adoção de software de gestão de alarmes revela-se essencial nas organizações, sobretudo no contexto hospitalar e de segurança, devido à celeridade com que os alarmes têm de ser processados nos ambientes críticos em que são gerados. Nos últimos anos, tem-se verificado uma enorme promoção de diretivas que recomendam a utilização de software de gestão de alarmes, de forma a que as organizações estejam preparadas para lidar com situações problemáticas e para prestar um serviço de qualidade. O fenómeno da ubiquidade computacional promovido pela utilização massiva da Web e de dispositivos móveis revolucionou de forma significativa o modo como as pessoas comunicam e partilham informação entre si. Deste modo, tem havido uma consciencialização por parte das organizações que desenvolvem sistemas de gestão de alarmes em investir recursos na migração das suas aplicações de desktop para a Web e para dispositivos móveis. O Connexall é uma das soluções de gestão de alarmes com maior adoção no mercado, no entanto, carece de aplicações de software focalizadas na Web e nos dispositivos móveis. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste projeto de mestrado consiste em desenvolver duas aplicações de gestão de alarmes, o Active Alarm Client Plus para Android e o Device Assignment Client para a Web, integradas com o Connexall, através da utilização de um Web service para o efeito. Com o desenvolvimento deste projeto, pretende-se expandir os horizontes de aplicação do Connexall no que diz respeito à diversidade de equipamentos computacionais presentes no mercado, de modo a promover a ubiquidade cada vez mais assente no acesso e partilha de informação no contexto de gestão de alarmes.

Design gráfico da pluma de contaminação por compostos orgânicos voláteiss utilizando software CAD na investigação de passivo ambiental em um posto revendedor de combustíveis em Natal/RN

Among the potentially polluting economic activities that compromise the quality of groundwater are the gas stations. The city of Natal has about 120 gas stations, of which only has an environmental license for operation. Discontinuities in the offices were notified by the Public Ministry of Rio Grande do Norte to carry out the environmental adaptations, among which is the investigation of environmental liabilities. The preliminary and confirmatory stages of this investigation consisted in the evaluation of soil gas surveys with two confirmatory chemical analysis of BTEX, PAH and TPH. To get a good evaluation and interpretation of results obtained in the field, it became necessary three-dimensional representation of them. We used a CAD software to graph the equipment installed in a retail service station fuel in Natal, as well as the plumes of contamination by volatile organic compounds. The tool was concluded that contamination is not located in the current system of underground storage of fuel development, but reflects the historical past in which tanks were removed not tight gasoline and diesel