1000 resultados para Ciclo Celular


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O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a duração do ciclo de produção e a necessidade térmica de seis clones de 'Concord' sobre três porta-enxertos no norte do Paraná. Foram avaliados os clones '22', '28', '49', '202', '211' e '225', obtidos pela Embrapa Uva e Vinho, e enxertados sobre os porta-enxertos 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572' e '420-A'. O trabalho foi realizado em área experimental pertencente ao Centro Tecnológico da COROL - Cooperativa Agroindustrial, localizado no município de Rolândia-PR. O experimento foi realizado em esquema fatorial (6 clones x 3 porta-enxertos), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. As plantas foram conduzidas em sistema de latada, no espaçamento de 4,0 m x 2,0 m, e as avaliações foram realizadas nas safras de 2009/2010 e 2010/2011. Verificou-se que dentre os clones de 'Concord' avaliados, o '202' apresenta a menor duração do ciclo entre a poda e a colheita, sendo portanto o mais precoce. Dentre os porta-enxertos, o '420-A' induz a maior taxa de acúmulo diário de sólidos solúveis do mosto, proporcionando redução do ciclo total e da demanda térmica dos clones de 'Concord', enquanto o 'IAC 572' induz a menor taxa, promovendo aumento do ciclo e da demanda térmica dos clones.

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La regulación europea que define el desarrollo y comercialización de los productos cosméticos hace un énfasis especial en la necesidad de demostrar la efectividad de los productos cosméticos, en un entorno en el que, debido a la prohibición de uso de modelos experimentales animales, sólo es posible el estudio en modelos alternativos (in silico, in vitro, en cultivo, etc.) o en voluntarios sanos. Dentro de los métodos alternativos, la utilización de los modelos celulares adquiere cada vez más importancia por los grandes avances que se producen en la comprensión de los complejos procesos moleculares que regulan y controlan el devenir de la célula, individualmente y dentro de los tejidos.

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Jaagiella alpicola fue aislada de suelos del Cap Norfeu (Gerona) mediante cultivos de enriquecimiento. Las células vegetativas son uninucleadas y contienen un cloroplasto parietal sin pirenoide. La reproducción asexual se lleva a cabo por bipartición y mediante acinetos y esporas móviles biflageladas. Las zoosporas se desarrollan directamente, después de su liberación, dando lugar a un talo heterótrico. El estudio de la división de las células vegetativas, mediante MET, ha revelado que se forma un huso mitótico metacéntrico en la telofase. Todas las características observadas indican que J. alpicola debe situarse en el orden Pleurastroles (Pleurastrophyceae).

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OBJETIVO: Determinar o nível de qualidade da proteção radiológica para os pacientes durante a realização de exames radiológicos e avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção dirigida a melhorar a qualidade. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um ciclo de melhoria em um serviço de radiologia da Administração Geral de Saúde do Algarve, Portugal. Utilizando seis critérios de qualidade, foram efetivadas uma avaliação, uma intervenção focada nos critérios mais problemáticos (durante oito meses) e uma reavaliação. As amostras foram aleatórias (n = 60), possibilitando a inferência sobre as estimativas pontuais e intervalos de confiança do cumprimento de cada critério, assim como o cálculo da significância estatística da melhoria identificada, através do teste Z. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação inicial, todos os critérios de qualidade apresentaram falhas. Após a intervenção, a melhoria relativa mínima foi de 33% em cinco dos seis critérios, sendo significativa (p < 0,05) em dois deles. A frequência absoluta de não conformidades diminuiu de 38 (primeira avaliação) para 21 (segunda avaliação), que corresponde a uma melhoria de 44,7%. CONCLUSÃO: O início do ciclo de avaliação institucional revelou uma margem de melhoria que antes parecia incipiente, porém, a intervenção implementada foi efetiva para estimular boas práticas e aumentar o nível de proteção radiológica para os pacientes.

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The most relevant advances on the analytical applications of glutathione determination based on glutathione redox cycle and the antioxidant system are given. The main enzymes that participate of the glutathione metabolism are the glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The glutathione peroxidase has a major role in the removal of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides from the cells. These enzymes, operating in tandem with catalase and superoxide dismutase promote a scavenging of oxyradical products in tissues minimizing damages caused by these species. Reduced glutathione is the major intracellular thiol found in mammals and changes in the glutathione concentration in biological fluids or tissues may provide a useful marker in certain disorders like hemolytic anemia, myocardial oxidative stress and in the investigation of some kinds of cancers. Particular attention is devoted to the main advantages supplied by biosensors in which there is an incorporation of bioactive materials for the glutathione determination. The correlation between stability and sensitivity of some reduced glutathione electrochemical sensors is discussed.

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Este trabajo de investigación abarca el estudio, implementación y evaluación de diferentes herramientas, metodologías y procesos para la producción de software libre en el campo del desarrollo rápido de aplicaciones (RAD, precursor de metodologías ágiles como Scrum).

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Soils play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of mercury as a sink for and source of this metallic species to atmospheric and hydrological compartments. In the study reported here, various types of soil were evaluated to ascertain the influence of parameters such as pH, organic matter content, Fe, Al, sand, silt, clay, C/H, C/N, C/O atomic ratios, and cation exchange capacity on the distribution of Hg in Amazonia's mid-Negro River basin. The data obtained were interpreted by multivariate exploratory analyses (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis), which indicated that organic matter plays an important role in mercury uptake in the various soils studied. The soils in floodable areas were found to contain 1.5 to 2.8-fold higher Hg concentrations than those in non-floodable areas. Since these soils are flooded almost year-round, they are less available to participate in redox processes at the soil/atmosphere interface. Hence, floodable areas, which comprise humic-rich soils, accumulate more mercury than non-floodable soils, thus playing an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of Hg in Amazonia's mid-Negro River basin.

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Characterization of the thermal decomposition of polyurethane (PUR) foams was performed by Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Three main weight loss paths were observed by TGA, the residue being lower than 3 wt.% for 3 different PUR foams analyzed. FT-IR spectra indicated CO2, CO, NH3 and isocyanides as main decomposition products. PUR foams of different cell sizes were immersed in a slurry of the parent glass ceramic of composition Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al 2O3 (LZSA) and submitted to heat treatment. The LZSA cellular glass ceramics obtained after sintering and crystallization resembled the original morphology of the PUR foams.

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Using a sampling method of particulate matter (PM) without the use of a dilution tunnel allows for evaluations of the volatile hydrocarbons (HC) in the emissions of diesel cycle engines. The procedure in this work applied a heated filter with temperature controlled. The volatile compounds are condensed at low temperature, allowing for evaluation of the HC by thermal desorption of the PM and for analysis of the condensed compounds of the exhaust gases.

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Photosynthetic microorganism cultures, such as microalgae, represent one of the alternatives for fossil CO2 emissions mitigation. Carbon supply is the major cost component in microalgal cultures. Aiming to enhance the dissolved inorganic carbon uptake efficiency in microalgal cultures, Spirulina sp LEB-18 was cultivated in mediums containing NaHCO3 concentrations ranging from 2.8 to 100 g L-1. Results indicated that lower dissolved inorganic carbon concentratios (2.8 g L-1 NaHCO3) produce higher growth parameters (Xmax = 0.75 g L-1; Pmax = 0.145 g L-1 d-1; µmax = 0.254 d-1) and lower carbon losses (13.61%). At 50 g L-1 of NaHCO3 cell growth was inhibited and carbon losses reached 38.73%.

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Yeast cell wall contains polymers glucan and mannan-protein that have received much attention with respect to their biological activities. Conventional isolation process involving treatments with hot alkali and acids cause degradation of these polymers. The aim of this paper was to study a low-degrading process for the isolation of glucan and mannan-protein from S. cerevisiae cell wall comprising physic and enzymatic treatments. Yeast cell glucan was obtained in a purity of 87.4% and a yield of 33.7%. The isolated mannan-protein presented antioxidant activity that was increased after thirty minutes of protease treatment. Antioxidant activity was determined by β-carotene/linoleate model system.

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Celecoxib (CB) and lumiracoxib (LM) are potent COX-2 inhibitors widely marketed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, it is difficult to obtain because it are protected under patents. The aim of this work was to develop an extraction method of drugs, CB and LM, in order to obtain the drug with a purity degree appropriated for use in research projects. The developed method showed to be effective of both drugs, becoming interesting due to its low cost, easy and speed of execution, application to different dosage forms (capsules and tablets) and drugs with different physicochemical properties.

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This paper analyses the oxidation of covellite and molybdenite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain LR using respirometric experiments. The results showed that both sulfides were oxidized by A. ferrooxidans, however, the covellite oxidation was much higher than molybdenite. Regarding the kinetic oxidation, the findings revealed that just molybdenite oxidation followed the classical Michaelis-Menten kinetic. It is probably associated with the pathway which these sulfides react to chemistry-bacterial attack, what is influenced by its electronic structures. Besides, experiments conducted in the presence of Fe3+ did not indicate alterations in molybdenite oxidation. Thus, ferric ions seem not to be essential to the sulfide oxidations.

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A laboratory experiment that enables the professor to introduce the problematic of sustainable development in pharmaceutical chemistry to undergraduate students is proposed, using a simple synthetic procedure. Cholesteryl acetate is prepared by the esterification of cholesterol using Montmorillonite K10 as heterogeneous catalyst. Cholesterol and cholesteryl acetate are characterized by spectroscopic (¹H RMN, 13C RMN, FTIR) and thermal analysis techniques. The thermal methods are used to introduce the concepts of polymorphism and the nature of mesophases.