Cephalosphaera Enderlein, a genus of Pipunculidae (Diptera) new for Australia, with descriptions of four new species

Cephalosphaera Enderlein is a nearly cosmopolitan genus of big-headed flies (Pipunculidae) which was previously unknown from Australia. Four species have now been found in Australia, all of them undescribed. New species in the subgenus Neocephalosphaera include: C. eukrenaina, C. parthenopipis and C. petila. Only one new species occurs in the nominate subgenus: C. prionotaina. Descriptions and a key to these species are presented.

Instruction to support mental computation development in young children of diverse ability

Fostering young children's mental computation capacity is essential to support their numeracy development. Debate continues as to whether young children should be explicitly taught strategies for mental computation, or be afforded the freedom to develop their own. This paper reports on teaching experiments with two groups of students in their first year of schooling: those considered 'at-risk', and those deemed mathematically advanced. Both groups made considerable learning gains as a result of instruction. Importantly, the gains of the at-risk group are likely to renew both their own, and their teacher's confidence in their ability to learn. In this paper, the instructional programs are documented, highlighting the influence of instruction upon the children's development.