Desenvolvimento da técnica de MALDI Imaging utilizando tecidos animais

Currently the study of important molecular compounds present in low abundance in some tissues has been a challenge for proteomic analysis classic. An analysis requires more exploratory investigation of small regions of a tissue or a group of cells. MALDI Imaging Technology (MSI) is an application of mass spectrometry facing the chemical analysis of intact tissues. Thus, advances in mass spectrometry MALDI being obtained by the integration of histology, the best methods and automation are the main tools of data analysis. This tool has become essential to analyze the spatial distribution of peptides and proteins throughout the tissue sections, providing an enormous amount of data with minimum sample preparation. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop the technique of MALDI Imaging using tissue from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a form of most common malignant tumor in the brain. For this we used the printer chemical ChIP-1000 (Chemical Inkjet Printer, Shimadzu) and mass spectrometer type Maldi-ToF-ToF (Axima Performance, Shimadzu), a search of the identifications were performed in databases such as SwissProt. We identified more than forty proteins with diverse functions such as proteins F-actin-capping and Thymosin to the structure and organization cellular and proteins such several Tumor necrosis factor receptor development-related pathology. The development of this technique will permit to carry-out proteomic analysis directly into the tissue, enabling earlier diagnosis of diseases, as well as the identification and characterization of potential biomarkers of disease.

Caracterização mineralógica, petrológica e química da sulfetação nos reef's da mina Canavieiras, Jacobina, Bahia

In the Serra de Jacobina, localized in the North Central portion of the state of Bahia, occours the Jacobina Group. It’s a sedimentary basin and the gold deposit is stocked on the basal portion, which consist on quartzites intercalated with oligomítico metaconglomerates of Serra do Córrego Formation. There are controversies about the origin of the gold mineralization, but the currently most accepted hypothesis corresponds to a paleoplacer deposit with subsequent ore remobilization and concentration by hydrothermal process. The sulphidation is one of the main results of hydrothermal process, which was more detail characterized, besides identifying if there was more than one sulfides phase generation and its relationship with gold mineralization. The analyzes were performed from the main reef's (metaconglomerates mineralized levels) of Mine Canavieiras: Maneira, Holandez, Liberino, Piritoso, MU and LU. Chemical analyzes semi-quantitative were developed with EDS in MEV and also petrographics analyses. The main sulfide is pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite. Six groups of pyrite were classified according with chemical composition, however they show similarities in their habit and occurrence. Were identified four types of chlorite, labeled A, B, C, D. Gold occurs in free form, associate to pyrites, to Fe-Ti-Muscovite, to chlorite type B and to microfractures with iron hydroxide. Gold presents three different compositions: pure, with Ag or associated with U-Zr. The results of chemical analysis showed that the hydrothermal process have as their main source, ultramafic rocks present in the Jacobina Basin

Efeito da quantidade do recurso na determinação do tamanho corporal, da biomassa, da abundância e da diversidade de bruquídeos e seus parasitóides

In the present study it was investigated, in plant and population scale, the relationship between the amount of resource and body size, species diversity and abundance and biomass of bruchids and their parasitoids. Possible effects of resource quality (soil quality and concentration of tannins in seeds) in response to the variables mentioned above were also analyzed. Mimosa bimucronata fruits were collected in two areas during the occurrence of bruchids during the years 2009 and 2010. Only the species of bruchid Acanthoscelides schrankiae was found infesting the fruits of M. bimucronata. The parasitoids belong to families Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, Eurytomidae and Pteromalidae. Most local-level analysis showed no significant results for both years of collection and study areas. There was only significant result for the relationship between the biomass of parasitoids and the concentration of tannins considering the year 2009 (negative trend). The soil from Lageado showed higher percentages of silt and clay. With respect to chemical analysis, pH, cation exchange capacity, and concentrations of organic matter, potassium, calcium and magnesium were all significantly higher in soil from Lageado. Therefore, it was found that the plants from Lageado are growing in more fertile soils. However, it was found that the amount of fruits and seeds was significantly higher in Rubião. Comparisons of the abundance of bruchids and parasitoids diversity among the areas that showed the highest values were observed in Rubião. In this study it was found that the abundance of bruchids and parasitoids, as well as the diversity of parasitoids was greatest in the area that had higher amounts of fruits and seeds, suggesting a significant relationship between the amount of resources and the abundance and diversity. However, it is possible that ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação das ocorrências de nitrato e fluoreto nas águas subterrâneas do Estado de São Paulo

Concerns about the quality of groundwater have been continuously rising, considering its importance for the public water supply in the State of São Paulo, and even more due to the impact that anthropic action has been causing to the original quality of that natural resource. It is extremely relevant to identify the contamination focuses along the aquifers of the State of São Paulo. This report aims to evaluate nitrates and fluorides concentrations along the aquifers present in the state, in order to identify places where change in the quality of groundwater is observed, through the comparison between measured concentrations and reference values, such as: “Intervention Value” (maximum allowed value) and “Alert Value” (attention required value). To perform this research, a full compilation and organization has been done on chemical analysis data from the “Sistema de Informações de Águas Subterrâneas - SIDAS”, made available by the “Divisão de Procedimentos de Outorga – DPO” of the “Departamento de Água e Energia Elétrica – DAEE”. This work has made possible the build-up of a database composed by 6,860 wells, with analytical data ready to be interpreted, containing information about water pH, electrical conductivity, hardness and chloride, iron, fluoride, nitrogen, nitrates and total dissolved solids concentrations. This database shows concentration data for nitrates (6,157 wells) and fluoride (3,316 wells). From this information, maps for nitrates and fluorides concentration distributions have been made, by each aquifer and each “Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos – UGRHI”, which has enabled the identification of wells where the concentrations of these chemical compounds exceeds the reference values. Concerning nitrates, these analysis indicated the existence of contamination sources from rural and urban zones, mostly present in the west region... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Simulação de contaminação de sedimentos e águas subterrâneas por gasolina e álcool: um estudo de monitoramento de variações das propriedades físico-químicas

Geophysics studies in areas impacted by petroleum derivatives describe abnormalities of both low and high electrical resistivity (the opposite of electrical conductivity), confirmed as contaminant phase by chemical analysis: this contradiction can be explained by degrading processes that naturally occur and create sub products that can change the environment conductivity. Monitoring the variation of the parameters mentioned serves as a comparative basis to the variation in geoelectrical parameters, which identified the correlation between the same contaminant parameters and the difference between their behavior studied apart, as well as its relations with the biodegradation process. The results are applied to the fuel distribution and storage sectors, leading to the diagnosis and monitoring of possible groundwater contamination scenarios, and the knowledge of the area exposure time to the contaminant, besides the better remediation alternative and impacts control. Among some conclusions, the most significant are the decrease in conductivity over time, so as the increase in Eh value in the gasoline contaminated tank, as well as the decrease in the pH value in the second tank with ethanol, which can be attributed to its degradation. Comparing the variations in both tanks, it is evident that Eh, pH and electrical conductivity do not behave temporally in a similar way, although some correlations between Eh and pH can be related.

Qualidade nutricional e aceitabilidade da geleia convencional e light de maná cubiu

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Cerne e alburno em eucaliptos: influência da espécie e da idade nas propriedades tecnológicas

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Caracterização anatômica e perfi l químico da lâmina foliar de Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn, de manguezais impactados e não impactados do litoral de São Paulo

Anatomical characterization and chemical profi le of Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn leaf blades, from impacted and non-impacted mangroves of the São Paulo Coast. Several sources of environmental impact have caused great damage to the fl ora in mangroves. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the anatomy and chemical composition of Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn leaf blades, from impacted (Municipality of Santos) and non-impacted mangroves (Municipality of Peruíbe) of the São Paulo Coast. For the leaf anatomy studies, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. For chemical analysis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted. The biometry revealed leaf tissues of plants from impacted mangroves with a less thick epidermis and mesophyll and higher width of the central vascular beam. A smaller number of stomata and higher amounts of druses in these leaves were also observed. Results were confi rmed by the Student t-test (α = 5%). The chemical profi les revealed a higher ammount of secondary metabolites in leaves from the impacted environment.

Antitumor Activity of Kielmeyera Coriacea Leaf Constituents in Experimental Melanoma, Tested in Vitro and in Vivo in Syngeneic Mice

Purpose: The antitumor activity of Kielmeyera coriacea (Clusiaceae), a medicinal plant used in the treatment of parasitic, as well as fungal and bacterial infections by the Brazilian Cerrado population, was investigated. Methods: A chloroform extract (CE) of K. coriacea was tested in the murine melanoma cell line (B16F10-Nex2) and a panel of human tumor cell lines. Tumor cell migration was determined by the wound-healing assay and the in vivo antitumor activity of CE was investigated in a melanoma cell metastatic model. 1H NMR and GC/MS were used to determine CE chemical composition. Results: We found that CE exhibited strong cytotoxic activity against murine melanoma cells and a panel of human tumor cell lines in vitro. CE also inhibited growth of B16F10- Nex2 cells at sub lethal concentrations, inducing cell cycle arrest at S phase, and inhibition of tumor cell migration. Most importantly, administration of CE significantly reduced the number of melanoma metastatic nodules in vivo. Chemical analysis of CE indicated the presence of the long chain fatty compounds, 1-eicosanol, 1-docosanol, and 2-nonadecanone as main constituents. Conclusion: These results indicate that K. coriacea is a promising medicinal plant in cancer therapy exhibiting antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo against different tumor cell lines.

Efeito do uso do solo sobre seus atributos na microrregião de Chapadinha-MA

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Ocorrência de nitrato nas águas subterrâneas do Sistema Aquífero Bauru em áreas rurais

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Aplicação de biofertilizante, composto e uréia na produção de capim tanzânia (Panicum maximum, Jacq.) sob irrigação

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Estudo da fadiga em liga de alumínio aeronáutico 7475-T761

This work will address the study of fatigue conditions with constant load in an alloy of aluminum analysis 7475 - T761, so we can better understand the conditions of the aircrafts which contain this alloy in their structures. A literature review, which was discussed the concepts of fracture mechanics, fatigue, aeronautical components, chemical analysis of aluminum alloys, fatigue problems that appears in the aircrafts, metallographic analysis, and testing of optical microscopy tensile, fatigue and microhardness, surface analysis (MEV) study of the chemical composition of the alloy in question, the main causes of crashes, was performed, completing the work, analysis of data from tensile test, hardness and fatigue together with the interpretation of images of optical microscopy and scanning electron was taken. The data indicated the high mechanical strength of the alloy, along with its microstructure indicating elongated grains and high surface contour, which shows such resistance by hindering the movement of dislocations. The grooves are clearly shown in the MEV images as well as the classic with increased fatigue loading and subsequent reduction of the number of cycles to rupture behavior shown in the graphs. Therefore we observed the optimal behavior is supported by the league when subjected to fatigue loadings

Pré-tratamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, hidrólise e sua caracterização química e estrutural, visando a produção de etanol de segunda geração

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Aplicação do método Phitoscreening para determinação de hidrocarbonetos clorados no município de Porto Feliz - SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)