Augusto César Sandino : hero myth of the Nicaraguan nation

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

El dinero en la historia del pensamiento económico: la teoría monetaria postkeynesiana y su confrontación con la ortodoxia

Las disputas en torno a determinados aspectos del dinero, como su neutralidad y el carácter endógeno o exógeno de la oferta monetaria, han sido permanentes entre las distintas escuelas de pensamiento y autores, estando su origen, probablemente, en la época de desarrollo del pensamiento escolástico. En este artículo pretendemos, en primer lugar, realizar un recorrido cronológico e histórico sobre el tratamiento científico económico del dinero, para, en segundo lugar, poner sobre la mesa la macroeconomía ortodoxa a la que han dado lugar las interpretaciones al respecto, así como los enfoques alternativos frente a este pensamiento dominante. Finalmente, intentamos poner en valor los desarrollos monetarios post-keynesianos, integrados en lo que denominan “Economía Monetaria de Producción”, confrontándolos con la llamada Nueva Síntesis Neoclásica.

Effect of diatom supplementation during the nursery rearing of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in a heterotrophic culture system

Bio-floc shrimp culture systems have been investigated in an attempt to optimize water use and prevent the discharge of effluent into the environment. The importance of microalgae in maintaining water quality and nutrition of the shrimp is well known in conventional systems; however, its maintenance amid bio-flocs and its role in the shrimp performance in this system are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of diatoms in the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei reared during the nursery phase in intensive system with minimal water exchange. Shrimp (0.31 ± 0.10 g) were reared among diatoms, bio-flocs and the combination of the two forming the mixture medium. The survival of shrimp was high in all treatments (90–97%). However, the shrimp reared among diatoms showed higher weight gain (P\0.05) and feed conversion ratio significantly more efficient, reaching a value of 0.47. The results indicate the importance of diatoms in bio-floc culture systems and points out to future research in an attempt to maintain a constant presence of these microalgae in culture medium without requiring successive inoculations.

Conversando com a tecnologia: contribuições de João Augusto Bastos para a educação tecnológica

For the reader of this book it is reserved a historical walk through the efforts realized in the field of education to settle the necessary basis for the formation of a participating citizen in the socio-technical process and the dialogic and communicative action with the technological world. There are ten articles that discuss about many aspects of the relationship between education and technology, experienced by the author, who at any moment forgot thinkers with whom he spoke as Jürgen Habermas, Karl Marx, Karl Popper, Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer and Ruy Gama. You can dream and run away from the instrumental knowledge to incorporate the woven continuous experience in the practice and experience with people. In this atmosphere of concepts, characteristics and perspectives is the technological education, which runs through dialogue with technology, possession of knowledge and interdisciplinary. Talking to the technology, the subject interacts with society so that the demands are part of projects in this field of this champ of knowledge and the other sciences. It also means to explore knowledge and practices of professionals and educators working in this field full of normative and formative values.

Agro industrialización y comercialización de frijol rojo y negro en Unión de Cooperativas Agropecuarias Augusto César Sandino, San Ramón - Matagalpa: Informe de pasantías 2014

Como forma de culminación de estudios de la carrera de Licenciatura en Desarrollo Rural, se realizó pasantías en la Unión de Cooperativas Augusto César Sandino (UCA, San Ramón). En el proyecto tiene como nombre: Apoyo al desarrollo productivo y agroindustrial del Frijol en organizaciones cooperativas de pequeños productores y productoras de Matagalpa en el período de Abril a Octubre del 2014. La UCA San Ramón es una cooperativa comprometida con el desarrollo económico-social de sus asociados, apoyándoles en la formación de capacidades, promueve la equidad de género, protección del medio ambiente flora y fauna ,aplicación de las buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPM), Promoción del turismo rural sostenible, apoyo al sector agrícola en los diferentes rubros(Café, Granos Básicos, Ganado).La UCA San Ramón, también otorga becas a estudiantes hijos de socios para que culminen sus estudios y que retornen a trabajar en la institución con el propósito de mejorar el relevo generacional. El trabajo del pasante estuvo enfocado en el área de planificación y proyectos que se desarrollan dentro de la institución misma, los cuales están dirigidos a promover la formulación, gestión, evaluación y gerencia de proyectos sociales, para los socios, llevando a cabo la siguiente funcione: Elaboración de plan de Negocios, para el cual es el pasante desarrollo las siguientes funciones: Análisis de información primaria y secundaria; Sondeos para analizar la competencia en presentaciones de frijol (Crudos, molidos, cocidos)en supermercados, Capacitaciones en uso de maquinaria de planta procesadora de frijol; Registros y control de actividades de la planta. El plan de negocios que se diseñó dio como resultado la demostración de una factibilidad sobre la comercialización de frijol procesado en diferentes presentaciones conforme a las demandas de los consumidores, el análisis de información primaria permitió conocer la demanda sobre gustos y preferencias de los consumidores, según los sondeos realizados demuestran que el frijol crudo tiene mayor demanda, los registros y controles en la planta complementan los documentos realizados dentro de la institución misma, la realización de esta pasantía fue de gran importancia y lección aprendida ya que el pasante debe estar accesible a adquirir conocimientos novedosos que complementan su trabajo como profesional, el espíritu de responsabilidad y confianza es muy valioso al momento de llegar formalizar un acuerdo permite evitar conflictos en un futuro. Como conclusión se puede decir que a medida que se va ejecutando las pasantías hace familiar la labor y se va obteniendo nuevos conocimientos amplios sobre la misma; tratándose de un periodo de nuevas enseñanzas y experiencias que se basan en los conocimientos adquiridos en el aula de clase y para alcanzar mejores oportunidades en el campo laboral. Como una recomendación enfocada a la Universidad, es dar mejor seguimiento para los pasantes durante el periodo de pasantías constando en supervisión a este.

Um espaço pioneiro de modernidade educacional: Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo -Natal/RN -1908-13

Cette recherche a pour but d analyser l Ecole Augusto Severo, située dans la ville de Natal dont la construction date de 1907,étant le premier établissement d enseignement primaire à l état du Rio Grande do Norte, pendant le processus de restructuration de l enseignement républicain. On cherche à comprendre la représentation de ce milieu scolaire, comme équipement urbain, dans le processus de modernisation de la ville et comme modèle éducationnel pour l état entre 1908 et 1913. En se servant des études historiographes sur le processus de modernisation de quelques villes brésiliennes et des innovations de l enseignement public primaire au pays, à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et pendant la première décennie du vingtième siècle, comme source pour mieux saisir le contexte général et spécifique. On reconstitue les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques déterminants des interventions publiques réalisées dans cette ville par les gouvernements républicains ayant comme obectif la construction d une ville embellie,hygiénique et civilisée. Située au quartier Ribeira, principal scénario de la modernité de Natal, l Ecole Augusto Severo est mise em relief comme symbole de civilité du paysage urbain de l époque pour le citoyen du Rio Grande do Norte. Elle disposait de services d énergie et d un tram électrique. Il y avait devant, un grand lac arborisé et une station ferroviaire. A côté, il y avait le théâtre Carlos Gomes (actuellement Alberto Maranhão). Par suíte de son imposante architecture, raffiné style éclectique,on reflète l idéal républicain des elites locales, avec une conception d espace symbolique et éducative de surveillance et contrôle, caractéristiques de l école graduée républicaine

A arte de conduzir-se pelo ensino de teatro: realidades e ficções de alunos-diretores em Camarão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Análise do comportamento e crescimento do camarão branco Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) em diferentes substratos inconsolidados

The aim of this study was to test the sediment preference of L. vannamei shrimp. It was observed shrimp visit frequency, swimming and burying behaviour at different sediment compositions for 24h. Juvenile (0.93 ± 0.29g) and sub-adult shrimps (10.0 ± 1.18g) were obtained from the aquaculture station at Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido UFERSA, and held in a plastic tank (water volume 500 L) supplied with aerated water and kept at constant temperature, pH, and salinity. Shrimp was fed by commercial shrimp dry food. The experimental substrates were composed by A: medium sand + thick sand + very thick sand + gravel; B: very fine sand + fine sand; and C: silt + clay. Thus, six different substrate combinations were tested: A, B, C, A+B, A+C, B+C. To test preference, it was used a cylindrical tank (40 l) divided into six differently substrate compartments. A single shrimp was introduced each tank and the frequency at which this shrimp visited each compartment was recorded over a 24h study period. It was tested 54 shrimp (18 sub-adult males, 18 subadult females and 18 juveniles). For each trial, sediment and water were changed to avoid pheromones and residues influence. Shrimp were weighted and sub-adults were divided by sex: males present petasma and females present thelycum. Data were collected on the experimental day at 19:30; 20:30; 00:30; 1:30; 05:30; 06:30; 13:30 and 14:30 h. At each time point, shrimp were observed for 20-min periods, in which we noted down which compartment the shrimp was occupying at 2-min intervals. Thus, for each period we had eleven observations (88 observations per day). For observations at night, it was used dim red light that did not affect shrimp behaviour. At each 20-min period, it was observed visit frequency in each substrate, if shrimp was burred or not or if it was swimming. There was not significant difference between light and dark burry activity for females. Swimming activity was significantly higher at night, mainly at 00:30 and 01:30 h. All L. vannamei shrimp showed preference for sediment B. This animal presents cyclic activity, spends the day light period buried and swims at night

Relatório de estágio pedagógico em educação física na Escola Básica e Secundária Dr. Ângelo Augusto da Silva

O presente relatório tem no seu âmago a análise, justificação e autorreflexão das opções tomadas, mencionar as mais-valias adicionadas à minha formação, escola, grupo disciplinar de Educação Física (EF), Núcleo de Estágio e turma, bem como referir eventuais recomendações futuras. No sentido de serem potenciadas novas aprendizagens e o desenvolvimento de competências, ao longo deste processo de formação contínua, foram realizadas diversas atividades, designadamente: Prática Letiva, Atividades de Intervenção na Comunidade Escolar, Atividades de Integração no Meio e as Atividades de Natureza CientíficoPedagógica. A Prática Letiva englobou a gestão do processo de ensino-aprendizagem onde adquiriram-se essencialmente a capacidade de liderança, planeamento, realização, controlo e avaliação das aulas. Também envolveu a assistência às aulas ao colega estagiário, no sentido de recolher indicações da sua prática e refletir acerca das estratégias e metodologias de ensino adotadas. A Atividade de Intervenção na Comunidade Escolar intitulada por “II Festival do Desporto da Levada” consistiu num evento que contemplou a comunidade escolar, cujo objetivo foi desenvolver o gosto pela prática contínua e regular da atividade física (AF). As Atividades de Integração no Meio foram complementares a toda a prática pedagógica, englobando a Caraterização da Turma permitindo um conhecimento peculiar da mesma, o Estudo de Caso de uma aluna no sentido de efetuar um reforço a nível muscular, e a Ação de Extensão Curricular na qual procedeu-se a uma visita de estudo ao ginásio e ao paintball. Quanto às Atividades de Natureza Científico-Pedagógica, no âmbito individual debruçou-se no “Bodycombat enquanto matéria de ensino alternativa nas aulas de Educação Física” e no âmbito coletivo explorou-se a temática da “Avaliação Formativa/Sumativa – Paradigma atual”. Todo este processo do Estágio Pedagógico consistiu, em mais etapa gratificante de formação, recheada de competências, conhecimentos e crescimento ao nível pessoal e também profissional.

Utilização de embriões liofilizados e flocos de Artemia na diversificação nutricional de pós-larvas do camarão marinho Litopenaes vannamei (Boone, 1931)

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance (survival and growth) of Litopenaeus vannamei post-Iarvae fed an artificial shrimp diet supplemented with Artemia flakes or freeze-dried Artemia embryos. For that purpose, 20 culturing units were individually stocked with 50 shrimp post-Iarvae (average dry weight of 0,3 ± 0,03 mg) at a stocking density of 20 post-larvae per liter, and fed the experimental diets to satiation during 20 days. The experimental design consisted of four diets (T1, T2, T3 and T4) with five repetitions each. For treatments T1, T2 and T3, dietary supplements of 5mg of Artemia flakes (T1), freeze-dried Artemia embryos (T2), and of the commercial shrimp diet (T3) were offered 2 hours after the shrimp were initially fed the commercial shrimp diet. For treatment T4 (control), no additive was offered 2 hours after the initial feeding. Shrimp survival, absolut (GPA) and relative increase in weight (GPR), and specific growth rate (TCR) were used as evaluation criteria. After the experimental period, no significant statistical differences (p>0,05) in survival were observed. Regarding growth, the dietary treatment which used freeze-dried Artemia embryos as an additive (T2) presented the best results for GPA (6,7 ± 0,7 mg). There were no statistical differences within treatments T1, T3 and T4 (p>0,05). AIso, post-larvae fed freeze-dried embryos (T2) showed a relative increase in weight (2241,4%) which differed significantly (p<0,05) from T4(1911,7%) but not from T1 (1801,6%) or T3 (1946,7%). In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that an artificial shrimp diet supplemented with freeze-dried Artemia embryos fulfils the nutritional requirements of post-larvae L. vannamei and promotes a better growth than diets not supplemented with Artemia flakes