Phytoplankton species diversity of 27 lakes and ponds of Costa Rica (Central America)

The literature on species diversity of phytoplankton of tropical lakes is scarce, and for the main part comes from studies of the big lakes in Africa, or deep lakes in South America, leaving a gap in the information about small shallow tropical lakes. In the present work the phytoplankton species composition and diversity of 27 shallow lakes and ponds in Costa Rica (Central America) was studied. The species composition was found to agree with other studies of tropical lakes, with a dominance of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, or in some cases Bacillariophyta or Euglenophyta; and a general paucity of Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta. Species richness varied considerably among the lakes, and tended to decrease with an increase in lake elevation. A low evenness in the species abundances was found, with one or more species outnumbering the rest by several orders of magnitude. Individual species abundances and species composition was found to vary with time in Rio Cuarto Lake, a meromictic lake situated in a region with low seasonal change in precipitation. In comparison with the phytoplankton of temperate lakes, the phytoplankton of the tropical lakes studied tended to have a lower evenness of species abundances, although species richness may be similar to temperate figures in some cases. Diversity indices sensitive to changes in the abundance of rare species tend to be higher in the tropical lakes studied; diversity indices sensitive to changes in the numbers of abundant species tend to be similar between the temperate and tropical lakes examined.

Enhancing personal effectiveness : the impacts of Costa Rica Outward Bound on students in an independent school in southwestern Ontario

This project examines students in a private school in southwestern Ontario on a 17 -day Costa Rica Outward Bound Rainforest multielement course. The study attempted to discover whether voluntary teenage participants could increase their self-perceptions of life effectiveness by participating in a 17-day expedition. A total of9 students participated in the study. The experimental design that was implemented was a mixed methods design. Participants filled in a Life Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ) at four predesignated times during the study. These time intervals occurred (a) before the trip commenced, (b) the first day of the trip, ( c) the last day of the trip, and (d) 1 month after the trip ended. Fieldnotes and recordings from informal group debriefing sessions were also used to gather information. Data collected in this study were analyzed in a variety of ways by the researcher. Analyses that were run on the data included the Friedman test for covariance, means, medians, and the Wilcoxon Pairs Test. The questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively, and the fieldnotes were analyzed qualitatively. Nonparametric statistical analysis was implemented as a result of the small group size of participants. Both sets of data were grouped and discussed according to similarities and differences. The data indicate that voluntary teenage participants experience significant changes over time in the areas of time management, social competency, emotional control, active initiative, and self-confidence. The types of outcomes from this study illustrate that Outward Bound-type opportunities should be offered to teenagers in Ontario schools as a means to bring about self-development.

La educación no formal de adultos en Costa Rica : un panorama de instituciones y sus programas

Tesis (Maestría en Educación de Adultos) (UANL)

Preferencia de habitat, dieta, amplitud y traslape de nicho de carnívoros simpátricos (Mammalia: carnivora) en la costa sur de Jalisco,México

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Manejo de Vida Silvestre) UANL

Diseño de un programa de entrenamiento y capacitación para los encargados de formación de recursos humanos en el ministerio de agricultura y ganadería de la república de Costa Rica

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Producción de grana cochinilla del nopal Dactylopius coccus Costa (Homoptera: dactylopiidae) en dos localidades del sur del estado de Nuevo León [por] Aldo Tovar Puente

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) U.A.N.L. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales 2000.

Erotismo y muerte en la neurosis fóbica. La representación psíquica de la pulsión sexual en la fiesta brava.

Tesis (Maestría en Psicología con orientación en Clínica Psicoanalítica) UANL, 2014.

Parte oficial del señor general en gefe de las fuerzas de Yucatán sobre las operaciones militares a que dió lugar la expedición mejicana destinada a la costa de Bar Lovento del estado

UANL

Memorias leídas por los señores Secretarios de Guerra y Marina ante el Congreso de la Unión en los años de 1830, 1833, 1834 y 1839

UANL

Aziyade (Stamboul, 1876-1877) : estractos de notas y cartas de un oficial de la marina inglesa

UANL

Memoria que el secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Guerra y Marina Gral. de division Felipe B. Berriozábal presenta al Congreso de la Unión y comprende de 19 de marzo de 1896 a 30 de junio de 1899 : Anexos y documentos.

UANL

Desde México: Cartas dirigidas al Diario de la Marina de la Habana

UANL

Biografía del Gral. de División Bernardo Reyes, Ministro de Guerra y Marina

UANL

Recuerdos históricos de la Ciudad de Veracruz y Costa de Sotavento del Estado durante las Campañas de Tres años, la Intervención y el Imperio

UANL

Qualité de l'environnement et développement économique dans les Caraïbes: Le cas du Costa-Rica.

Rapport de recherche