T形微通道中互不相溶两相流数值模拟

采用摄动有限体积(PFV)算法和水平集(level set)技术对T形微通道内互不相溶两相流动进行了数值模拟研究。考察了两相界面张力和微通道壁面润湿性对流动的影响,精确地捕捉到了油水两相流动的界面。对一些典型的T形微通道油水两相流动进行了数值计算,模拟结果和实验结果吻合较好。分析总结出了微通道内两相流动过程中的一些基本规律,为微通道内的液液两相流动实验设计和工业应用提供了新的数值预测手段.

Coupled deformation-flow analysis for methane hydrate production by depressurized wells

A formulation for coupled flow-deformation analysis of methane-hydrate extraction problems is presented. By assuming that the hydrate does not flow, a two phase flow formulation is considered, based on Darcy's law and capillary pressure relation. The formulation is implemented in the finite difference code FLAC. The code was used to investigate the stability of a methane extraction well by depressurizing the well. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关于气液两相流流型及其判别的若干问题

气液两相流体系是一个复杂的多变量随机过程体系，流型的定义、流型过渡准则和判别方法等方面的研究是多相流学科目前研究的重点内容。本文就与气液两相流流型及其判别有关的研究状况进行了回顾和评述，力图反映近年来气液两相流流型及其判别问题研究的状态和趋势。

水平分支管路中油水两相流动研究

该文研究了两种直径的直管油水两相流动对流型和相含率的影响和在不同管径的水平并行分支管路中的相含率变化规律。实验设备包括内径为50mm的水平主管道和内径为25mm的分支管路。得到了不同入口条件下实验管段的流型和相含率图。实验指出:管道的尺度变化对于流型的影响较小,但对于油水两相的相含率和速度滑移有显著的作用。当油水两相流在并行分支管路中同时流动时,随着入口处水的表观流速增大,并行主管的截面油含率与并行分支管的差距逐渐缩小。

突扩圆管内液-固两相流固体颗粒运动特性的DPM数值模拟

采用考虑颗粒碰撞的欧拉-拉格朗日数值模拟方法(DPM),对水平突扩圆管中液固两相流固体颗粒的碰撞过程进行了数值计算。在模型中,对液相采用欧拉法建立控制方程,对离散颗粒采用拉格朗日方法模拟。采用硬球模型描述颗粒间的碰撞作用。计算结果表明,该模型可以真实地模拟液固两相流中固体颗粒运动的动态变化过程以及颗粒的非均匀分布特征,从单颗粒层次上提供颗粒的运动信息,这有助于深入研究液固两相流中固体颗粒的运动规律

线性稳定性理论在圆管充分发展两相流型研究中的应用

圆截面光滑直管内充分发展的两流体同心环状流的线性稳定性研究不仅具有重要的学术意义，而且在预测两相流型转换方面有着重要应用。本文评述了该流动构型的线性稳定性研究进展，着重分析了该流动构型的失稳机制及其与两相流型转换间的关系，并针对微重力气－液两相流地面模拟实验问题，探讨了今后需要着重研究的若干方面。

微重力两相流相似模拟准则新探

根据两流体同心环状流线性稳定性分析的结果，对微重力气／液两相流地面模拟实验所应遵循的相似准则进行了探讨，得到了一个新的重力无关性准则，即Bond数和环形区流体相的毛细数之比的绝对值不大于1．此外，微重力气／液两相流模拟实验还必须满足两个条件，即流量比和气相表观Weber数应与所模拟的流动中对应数值相等．

用激波管研究超音速气固两相流

在激波管里进行了可压缩性气固两相流的实验研究。测量了激波通过颗粒群时的压力的衰减过程。用纹影仪拍摄了激波与颗粒群相互干涉的照片。试验了颗粒群的不同构造对压力衰减的影响。指出了激波反射、聚焦等非线性气动因素是可压缩性气固两相流的关键问题。

具有蒸发液滴两相介质近壁流动的数学分析

在双连续介质理论框架下，采用匹配渐进展开方法导出并求解了具有蒸发液滴的汽雾流中层流边界层方程，给出了控制汽雾流的相似判据。对于沿曲面的流动，边界层方程的形式取决于是否存在液滴的惯性沉积。给出了热钝体驻点附近蒸汽-液滴边界层的数值计算结果。它们表明：由于蒸发，在边界层内近壁处形成了一个无液滴区域；在该区上边界处，液滴半径趋于零而液滴数密度急剧增高。液滴蒸发及聚集的联合效应造成了表面热流的显著增加，甚至在自由来流中液滴质量浓度很低时此效应依然存在。

气-液两相流界面迁移现象的数值模拟研究

借助于Level Set函数,建立了气-液两相的统一控制方程组,并在交错网格中进行离散.用两种格式,即Superbee-TVD格式和5阶WENO格式求解Level Set函数的输运方程,用SIMPLER算法的思想对主流场控制方程的求解方法进行改进.数值实验结果表明,在求解Level Set的控制方程时,5阶WENO方法比Superbee-TVD格式的结果更准确;用改进的数值算法可成功实现对密度比大于1 000/1的气-液两相流界面迁移问题的数值模拟.对几种典型大密度比气-液两相流问题的计算结果与实际问题的物理规律完全一致,验证了该方法的有效性和可靠性.

Design of a Self-Adaptive Down-Hole Layered Steam Injector and Its Application

Layered steam injection, widely used in Liaohe Oilfield at Present, is an effective recovery technique to heavy oil reserves. Which makes the steam front-peak push forward uniformly, the amount of steam injection be assigned rationally, and the effect of injection steam be obtained as expected. To maintain a fixed ratio of layered steam injection and solve the problem of nonadjustable hole diameter with the change of layer pressure in the existing injectors, a new method is proposed in this paper to design layered steam injectors based on the dynamic balance theory. According to gas-liquid two-phase flow theory and beat transfer theory, the energy equation and the heat conduction equation in boreholes are developed. By analyzing the energy equilibrium of water-steam passing through the injector hole, we find an expression to describe the relation between the cross-sectional area of injector hole and the layer pressure. With this expression, we provide a new set of calculation methods and write the corresponding computer program to design and calculate the main parameters of a steam injector. The actual measurement data show that the theoretically calculated results are accurate, the software runs reliably, and they provide the design of self-adjustable layered steam injectors with the theoretical foundation.

Undercooling and Rapid Solidification of Nb-Si Eutectic Alloys Studied by Long Drop Tube

Niobium-silicide alloys have great potential for high temperature turbine applications. The two-phase Nb/Nb5Si3 in situ composites exhibit a good balance in mechanical properties. Using the 52 in drop tube, the effect of undercooling and rapid solidification on the solidification process and micro-structural characterization of Nb-Si eutectic alloy was studied. The microstructures of the Nb-Si composites were investigated by optics microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Up to 480 K, deep undercooling of the Nb-Si eutectic samples was successfully obtained, which corresponds to 25% of the liquidus temperature. Contrasting to the conventional microstructure usually found in the Nb-Si eutectic alloy, the microstructure of the undercooled sample is divided into the fine and coarse regions. The most commonly observed microstructure is Nb+Nb5Si3, and the Nb3Si phase is not be found. The change of coarseness of microstructure is due to different cooling rates during and after recalescence. The large undercooling is sufficient to completely bypass the high temperature phase field.

Design of a Self-Adaptive Down-Hole Layered Steam Injector and Its Application

Layered steam injection, widely used in Liaohe Oilfield at present, is an effective recovery technique to heavy oil reserves. Which makes the steam front-peak push forward uniformly, the amount of steam injection be assigned rationally, and the effect of injection steam be obtained as expected. To maintain a fixed ratio of layered steam injection and solve the problem of nonadjustable hole diameter with the change of layer pressure in the existing injectors, a new method is proposed in this paper to design layered steam injectors based on the dynamic balance theory According to gas-liquid two-phase flow theory and heat transfer theory, the energy equation and the heat conduction equation in boreholes are developed. By analyzing the energy equilibrium of water-steam passing through the injector hole, we find an expression to describe the relation between the cross-sectional area of injector hole and the layer pressure. With this expression, we provide a new set of calculation methods and write the corresponding computer program to design and calculate the main parameters of a steam injector. The actual measurement data show that the theoretically calculated results are accurate, the software runs reliably, and they provide the design of self-adjustable layered steam injectors with the theoretical foundation.

Chemical equilibrium analysis and CFD simulation of coal combustion and NOx formation

A full two-fluid model of reacting gas-particle flows with an algebraic unified second-order moment (AUSM) turbulence-chemistry model is used to simulate Beijing coal combustion and NOx formation. The sub-models are the k-epsilon-kp two-phase turbulence model, the EBU-Arrhenius volatile and CO combustion model, the six-flux radiation model, coal devolatilization model and char combustion model. The blocking effect on NOx formation is discussed. In addition, the chemical equilibrium analysis is used to predict NOx concentration at different temperature. Results of CID simulation and chemical equilibrium analysis show that, optimizing air dynamic parameters can delay the NOx formation and decrease NOx emission, but it is effective only in a restricted range. In order to decrease NOx emission near to zero, the re-burning or other chemical methods must be used.

Numerical Sensitivity Analysis and Partial Similarity of Porous Media Flows

A numerical optimisation approach to identify dominant dimensionless variables in porous media flows by sensitivity analysis is proposed. We have validated the approach at first by examining a simple oil reservoir theoretically and numerically as well. A more complex water-flooding reservoir is examined based on sensitivity analysis of oil recovery to the similarity parameters, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed approach to identify dominant similarity parameters for water-oil two-phase flows.