Necesidades de salud sexual reproductiva entre mujeres inmigrantes en San Juan (Puerto Rico), Madrid (España) y Nueva York (EE.UU): Anticoncepción y Embarazo No Deseado.

Este informe forma parte del proyecto “Necesidades, Experiencias y conocimientos en salud sexual reproductiva entre los profesionales de salud y las mujeres inmigrantes en San Juan (Puerto Rico), Madrid (España) y Nueva York (EE.UU.): Anticoncepción y Embarazo No Deseado” auspiciado por Saludpromujer, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología de la Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Puerto Rico. En esta parte de la investigación hemos explorado el acceso a los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva (SSR) de las mujeres inmigrantes en Madrid a partir de las experiencias y conocimientos de un grupo de profesionales de la salud acerca del uso del misoprostol como alternativa para interrumpir embarazos no deseados en población inmigrante y española. Este acercamiento nos ha permitido profundizar en las necesidades en salud sexual y reproductiva del colectivo de mujeres inmigrantes en Madrid y las estrategias para satisfacerlas.

Horizontal profiles of longwave and shortwave radiation components over sea ice near Barrow, Alaska during the 2011 melt

An integrated instrument package for measuring and understanding the surface radiation budget of sea ice is presented, along with results from its first deployment. The setup simultaneously measures broadband fluxes of upwelling and downwelling terrestrial and solar radiation (four components separately), spectral fluxes of incident and reflected solar radiation, and supporting data such as air temperature and humidity, surface temperature, and location (GPS), in addition to photographing the sky and observed surface during each measurement. The instruments are mounted on a small sled, allowing measurements of the radiation budget to be made at many locations in the study area to see the effect of small-scale surface processes on the large-scale radiation budget. Such observations have many applications, from calibration and validation of remote sensing products to improving our understanding of surface processes that affect atmosphere-snow-ice interactions and drive feedbacks, ultimately leading to the potential to improve climate modelling of ice-covered regions of the ocean. The photographs, spectral data, and other observations allow for improved analysis of the broadband data. An example of this is shown by using the observations made during a partly cloudy day, which show erratic variations due to passing clouds, and creating a careful estimate of what the radiation budget along the observed line would have been under uniform sky conditions, clear or overcast. Other data from the setup's first deployment, in June 2011 on fast ice near Point Barrow, Alaska, are also shown; these illustrate the rapid changes of the radiation budget during a cold period that led to refreezing and new snow well into the melt season.

Rare earth elements determined in Antarctic ice by inductively coupled plasma

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a suitable tool for multi-element analysis at low concentration levels. Rare earth element (REE) determinations in standard reference materials and small volumes of molten ice core samples from Antarctica have been performed with an ICP-time of flight-MS (ICP-TOF-MS) system. Recovery rates for REE in e.g. SPS-SW1 amounted to not, vert, similar ~103%, and the relative standard deviations were 3.4% for replicate analysis at REE concentrations in the lower ng/l range. Analyses of REE concentrations in Antarctic ice core samples showed that the ICP-TOF-MS technique meets the demands of restricted sample mass. The data obtained are in good agreement with ICP-Quadrupole-MS (ICP-Q-MS) and ICP-Sector Field-MS (ICP-SF-MS) results. The ICP-TOF-MS system determines accurately and precisely REE concentrations exceeding 5 ng/l while between 0.5 and 5 ng/l accuracy and precision are element dependent.