Informe del crucero Krill III, a bordo del barco de investigación científica Alexander Agassiz de la Universidad de California y estadía en el departamento de oceanología de Montemar-Chile

Expone los resultados del análisis de las muestras de zooplancton colectados frente al Perú, para cumplir uno de los objetivos, la obtención de huevos y larvas de peces y Myctophidoe en diversas fases de desarrollo.

Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)

Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae). Tamarixia radiata is the main agent for the biological control of Diaphorina citri in Brazil with a parasitism rate ranging from 20 to 80%. This study investigated the influence of temperature on the development, fecundity and longevity of adults of T. radiata and the effect of relative humidity (RH) on their parasitism capacity and survival rate in the pre-imaginal period. The effect of temperature was assessed in the range between 15 and 35 ± 1ºC, 70 ± 10% RH, and a 14-h photophase. The RH effect was evaluated in the range from 30 to 90 ± 10%, temperature at 25 ± 1ºC, and photophase of 14-h. At 25ºC, circa 166.7 nymphs were parasitized, the highest parasitism capacity observed compared to other treatments. The longest longevity of females was observed at 25ºC, although the rate did not differ in the 20-30ºC temperature range. The threshold temperature (TT) was 7.2ºC, and 188.7 degrees-day were required for the development (egg-to-adult period). The parasitism rate and longevity were higher at 50 and 70% of RH. This shows that temperature and RH may affect the parasitism capacity of T. radiata on nymphs of D. citri, which can explain the great parasitism variation for D. citri observed in citrus groves in São Paulo State, Brazil.

El fitoplancton de invierno en el crucero de estimación de biomasa de anchoveta 0708-09

Los volúmenes de plancton superficial fluctuaron entre 0,06 y 11,14 mL.m-3 localizados frente a Pisco y Paita, respectivamente, registrando un promedio general de 1,34 mL.m-3. El fitoplancton en superficie predominó en el 31% del área evaluada. El microplancton estuvo caracterizado por diatomeas pequeñas de afloramiento (Chaetoceros sociales, Ch. compressus, Ch. lorenzianus, Skeletonema costatum) y por especies de la fase intermedia de la sucesión (Coscinodiscus perforatus, C. centralis, Thalassionema frauenfeldii, Lithodesmium undulatum). La presencia de especies termófilas también fue representativa encontrándose cerca y lejos de la costa, destacando por su abundancia las diatomeas Planktoniella sol, Proboscia alata f. gracillima y Thalasiothrix longissima. La correlación significativa entre la biomasa planctónica y oxígeno (r=>0,5) sugirió una mayor actividad autotrófica en las zonas norte y sur. El indicador de ACF, Protoperidinium obtusum, presentó una distribución costera con una amplitud máxima hasta las 120 mn al sur de Chicama y Atico y C. praelongum indicador de ASS sólo fue registrado a 70 mn frente a Pucusana.

Evaluación poblacional de Lessonia trabeculata Villouta y Santelices, 1986 en San Juan de Marcona, Marzo 2010

IMARPE, en marzo del 2010 realizó la evaluación poblacional de la macroalga Lessonia trabeculata en 2 sectores de San Juan de Marcona: Carro Caído (sector 1) y San Nicolás (sector 4). El diámetro mayor del rizoide (DMR) se registró en el sector 1 (59,1%), en el sector 4 solo el 30,3% presentó tamaño >20 cm (tamaño mínimo de extracción). En el sector 1 se estimó la biomasa en 38.070 t y en el sector 4 fue 3.279 t; en base a la biomasa se proyectó un rendimiento de 4.166 t para el año 2010. Se consideró evitar la extracción en la estación de otoño.

Postgraduate Symposium: Positive influence of nutritional alkalinity on bone health.

There is growing evidence that consumption of a Western diet is a risk factor for osteoporosis through excess acid supply, while fruits and vegetables balance the excess acidity, mostly by providing K-rich bicarbonate-rich foods. Western diets consumed by adults generate approximately 50-100 mEq acid/d; therefore, healthy adults consuming such a diet are at risk of chronic low-grade metabolic acidosis, which worsens with age as a result of declining kidney function. Bone buffers the excess acid by delivering cations and it is considered that with time an overstimulation of this process will lead to the dissolution of the bone mineral content and hence to reduced bone mass. Intakes of K, Mg and fruit and vegetables have been associated with a higher alkaline status and a subsequent beneficial effect on bone health. In healthy male volunteers an acid-forming diet increases urinary Ca excretion by 74% and urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (C-telopeptide) excretion by 19% when compared with an alkali (base-forming) diet. Cross-sectional studies have shown that there is a correlation between the nutritional acid load and bone health measured by bone ultrasound or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Few studies have been undertaken in very elderly women (>75 years), whose osteoporosis risk is very pertinent. The EVAluation of Nutrients Intakes and Bone Ultra Sound Study has developed and validated (n 51) an FFQ for use in a very elderly Swiss population (mean age 80.4 (sd 2.99) years), which has shown intakes of key nutrients (energy, fat, carbohydrate, Ca, Mg, vitamin C, D and E) to be low in 401 subjects. A subsequent study to assess net endogenous acid production (NEAP) and bone ultrasound results in 256 women aged > or = 75 years has shown that lower NEAP (P=0.023) and higher K intake (P=0.033) are correlated with higher bone ultrasound results. High acid load may be an important additional risk factor that may be particularly relevant in very elderly patients with an already-high fracture risk. The latter study adds to knowledge by confirming a positive link between dietary alkalinity and bone health indices in the very elderly. In a further study to complement these findings it has also been shown in a group of thirty young women that in Ca sufficiency an acid Ca-rich water has no effect on bone resorption, while an alkaline bicarbonate-rich water leads to a decrease in both serum parathyroid hormone and serum C-telopeptide. Further investigations need to be undertaken to study whether these positive effects on bone loss are maintained over long-term treatment. Mineral-water consumption could be an easy and inexpensive way of helping to prevent osteoporosis and could be of major interest for long-term prevention of bone loss.

Registre des dépêches adressées à la Cour, principalement à Henri-Auguste de Loménie de Brienne, à Mazarin et à Hugues de Lionne, par Antoine DE LUMBRES, seigneur d'Herbinghem, ambassadeur en Allemagne et en Pologne. Minutes. (1652 et 1655-1666.). III 19 janvier 1662-27 mars 1666.

A la fin du volume (f. 285 et suiv.), pièces annexes.

Advances in vaccination against Helicobacter pylori.

A vaccination against Helicobacter pylori may represent both prophylactic and therapeutic approaches to the control of H. pylori infection. Different protective H. pylori-derived antigens, such as urease, vacuolating cytotoxin A, cytotoxin-associated antigen, neutrophil-activating protein and others can be produced at low cost in prokaryote expression systems and most of these antigens have already been administered to humans and shown to be safe. The recent development by Graham et al. of the model of H. pylori challenge in humans, the recent published clinical trials and the last insight generated in animal models of H. pylori infection regarding the immune mechanisms leading to vaccine-induced Helicobacter clearance will facilitate the evaluation of immunogenicity and efficacy of H. pylori vaccine candidates in Phase II and III clinical trials.

Bible moralisée, texte latin avec la traduction, jusqu'à Isaïe.

Commençant par : « In principio creavit Deus... » Glose : « Creatio lucis angelorum creationem... Au commencement Dieu crea... La creation de lumiere emporte la creation des anges... » et finissant par : «... quia excidisti sepulcrum ». Glose : «... et accederent ad verum sacrificium... car tu as taillé et appareillé ton sepulcre... et venissent au vray sacrifice ».

Sentido de comunidad en jóvenes indígenas y mestizos de San Cristóbal de las Casas (Chiapas, México). Un estudio empírico

Este trabajo explora la viabilidad y validez transcultural de una medida auto-descriptiva del sentimiento de comunidad desarrollada y puesta a prueba en contextos europeos. Para ello se aplicó el correspondiente cuestionario a una muestra de 317 estudiantes (151 indígenas y 166 mestizos) de de San Cristóbal de las Casas (Chiapas, México) y se compararon los resultados así obtenidos con los anteriormente reportados en sendos estudios españoles. Los resultados indican que los habitantes de esa población -tanto indígenas como mestizos- tienen un alto sentimiento de comunidad y que la medida utilizada es muy fiable y estructuralmente multidimensional aun cuando existe un potente factor principal de carácter relacional, “interacción vecinal”, quedando “arraigo territorial” e “interdependencia” como factores menores. La estructura factorial obtenida aporta un sólido apoyo inicial a la validez transcultural de la medida usada y el conjunto de resultados es consistente con varios análisis teóricos y empíricos previos, así como con la teoría de Sarason a partir de la que se desarrolló la medida