Near-infrared nonlinearity of a multicomponent tellurium oxide glass at 800 and 1,064 nm

We report on the nonlinear (NL) optical properties of glassy TeO2-GeO2-K2O-Bi2O3 at lambda = 800 nm and lambda = 1,064 nm. Using the Kerr gate technique with a laser delivering 150 fs pulses at 800 nm, we demonstrated the fast NL response of the samples. The modulus of the NL refractive index, n (2), at 800 nm was similar to 10(-15) cm(2)/W. The Z-scan technique was used to determine n (2) a parts per thousand +10(-15) cm(2)/W, at 1,064 nm with pulses of 17 ps. The two-photon absorption coefficient, alpha (2), was smaller than the minimum that we can measure (< 0.003 cm/GW). The figure of merit n (2)/alpha (2) lambda was calculated and indicates that this glass composition has large potential to be used for all-optical switching.

Measurement of the p(p)over-bar -> W plus b plus X production cross section at root s=1.96 TeV D0 Collaboration

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Picosecond nonlinearity of GeO2-Bi2O3-PbO-TiO2 glasses at 532 and 1,064 nm

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Tonic modulation of anxiety-like behavior by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) type 1 receptor (CRF1) within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in male mice: Role of protein kinase A (PKA)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Expressão gênica de MMP-2 e 9, TIMP-1 e 2, ATM, TP53, VEGF, COX-2 e CDH-1 no TVT canino

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Production of β-(1,3)-glucanases by Trichoderma harzianum Rifai: Optimization and Application to Produce Gluco-oligosaccharides from Paramylon and Pustulan

β-(1→3)-Glucanases were produced by Trichoderma harzianum Rifai PAMB-86 cultivated on botryosphaeran in a bench-fermenter and optimised by the response surface method. Maximal enzyme titres occurred at 5 days, initial pH 5.5 and aeration of 1.5vvm. β-(1→3)-The β-glucanolytic enzyme complex produced by T. harzianum Rifai PAMB- 86 was fractionated by gel filtration into 2 fractions (F-I, F-II), and employed to produce gluco-oligosaccharides from algal paramylon ((1→3)-β-D-glucan) and lichen pustulan ((1→6)-β-D-glucan). Both enzymes attacked paramylon to the extent of ~15-20% in 30 min releasing glucose and laminaribiose as major end-products, and laminarioligosaccharides of degree of polymerization (DP) ≥3. Only F-I degraded pustulan resulting in ~2% degradation at 30 min, with glucose, gentiobiose and gentio-oligosaccharides of DP ≥4 as major products. The difference in the nature of the hydrolysis products can be explained by the substrate specificities of each enzyme fraction, and the structural differences of the β-D-glucans attacked.

Estimativa da frequência da inversão SWBinv-1 entre pais de portadores ds síndrome de Williams-Beuren e pais de filhos normais do Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB

Outbreak control and clinical, pathological, and epidemiological aspects and molecular characterization of a bovine herpesvirus type 5 on a feedlot farm in S(a)over-tildeo Paulo State

This paper describes the control, epidemiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of an outbreak of meningoencephalitis in calves due to bovine herpesvirus 5 at a feedlot with 540 animals in Sa (a) over tildeo Paulo State, Brazil. The introduction of new animals and contact between the resident animals and the introduced ones were most likely responsible for virus transmission. Bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine was used, resulting in the efficacy of the outbreak control, although two bovine herpesvirus 1 positive animals, vaccinated and revaccinated, presented meningoencephalitis, thereby characterizing vaccinal failure.

Accidental symmetries and massless quarks in the economical 3-3-1 model

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Properties of glass-ceramics obtained from crystallization of the SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-Li2O system with addition of ZrO2

This paper presents the study results with glass-ceramics obtained from base glass (MgO-Al2O3- SiO2-Li2O system) with addition of ZrO2 as nucleating agent. The glass was melted at 1650 degrees C for 3 h and at a heating rate of 10 degrees C/min. The molten glass was poured into a graphite mold to obtain monolithic samples and also in water in order to obtain particulate material. Such material was grinded and then pressed by both uniaxial and isostatic pressing methods before being sintered. Both the monolithic and pressed samples were performed under two different conditions of heat treatment so that their nucleation and crystallization occurred. In the first one, the samples were heated to 1100 degrees C with a heating rate of 10 degrees C/min. In the second one, there was an initial heating rate of 10 degrees C/min up to 780 degrees C, which was kept for 5 minutes. After that, the samples were heated to 1100 degrees C at a heating rate of 1 degrees C/min. Microhardness analyses showed that base glass presented values around 7.0 GPa. The glass-ceramics obtained from the powder sintering showed microhardness values lower than those obtained from monolithic samples. The highest hardness values were observed in the samples which were treated with two heating rates, whose values were around 9.2 +/- 0.5 GPa. Moreover, the glass-ceramics which were produced with an only heating rate, presented values around 7.1 +/- 0.2 GPa, very close to those observed in the base glass.

Characteristics of PbO-BiO1.5-GaO1.5 glasses melted in SnO2 crucibles

PbO-BiO 1.5-GaO 1.5-based glasses are good candidates for optical applications, because of some of their interesting characteristics, such as high refraction indices and high transmission in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), and infrared (IR) regions. A limited stage in the processing of these glasses is the corrosion that is caused by the melt in all currently used conventional crucibles, such as noble metals (platinum or gold) and Al 2O 3. The absorption of crucible material by the glass composition may reduce the transmission level, the cutoff in the UV-VIS, and IR regions, and the thermal stability. In this study, a SnO 2 crucible has been tested for PbO-BiO 1.5-GaO 1.5 molten glass. Optical and thermal analyses show, in some cases, advantages over the use of platinum and Al 2O 3 crucibles. A visible cutoff value of 474 nm has been measured, and a longer melting time (850°C for 4 h) results in a significant reduction of the O-H absorption band at 3.2 μm.

alpha-SiAlON-SiC composites obtained by gas-pressure sintering and hot-pressing

The objective of this work was the obtaining in situ of alpha-SiAlON-SiC composite, using an alternative rare-earth oxide mixture, RE2O3, as sintering additive, by two different sintering processes. As sintering additive, 20 vol.% of AlN-RE2O3 in a molar ratio of 90: 10 was mixed to the alpha-Si3N4 powder. In the Si3N4-AlN-RE2O3 powder mixture, 0, 10, 15 and 20wt.% of SiC were added. The powder batches were milled, dried and compacted by cold isostatic pressing. Two different sintering processes were used: gas-pressure sintering at 1950 degrees C for 1 h under 1.5 MPa of N-2 atmosphere, or uniaxial hot-pressing at 1750 degrees C, for 30 min under pressure of 20 MPa. The sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties. XRD patterns indicate only alpha-SiAlON (alpha') and beta-SiC as crystalline phases. It was observed that the SiC addition did not influence the alpha-SiAlON formation, although the growth of elongated alpha'-grains is substantially decreased. The hot-pressed composites presented better mechanical properties, exhibiting fracture toughness of 5 MPa m(1/2) and hardness around 21.5 GPa. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of sex on basal and dickkopf-1 regulated gene expression in the bovine morula

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Detection of serum antibodies to parainfluenza type 3 virus, respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and herpes virus type 1 in sheep in the region of Botucatu, São Paulo - Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Optical properties of boron carbide (B5C) thin films fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition

Variable angle of incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to determine the optical constants near the band edge of boron carbide (B5C) thin films deposited on glass and n-type Si(111) via plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition. The index of refraction n, the extinction coefficient k, and the absorption coefficient are reported in the photon energy spectrum between 1.24 and 4 eV. Ellipsometry analysis of B5C films on silicon indicates a graded material, while the optical constants of B5C on glass are homogeneous. Line shape analyses of absorption data for the films on glass indicate an indirect transition at approximately 0.75 eV and a direct transition at about 1.5 eV. ©1996 American Institute of Physics.